自放大结构分布反馈光纤激光器输出特性

在光敏性掺铒光纤上制作了45mm长非对称相移结构光纤光栅,构成前后向功率输出比大于100∶1的分布反馈光纤激光器.利用一定长度的掺铒光纤吸收有源相移光栅后的剩余泵浦光,实现了对前向输出激光信号的放大,并采用OptiSystem软件模拟了掺铒光纤长度与增益的关系.为了保持输出激光的窄线宽和低噪音特性,利用布喇格波长与激光相同的光纤光栅和光纤环行器构成光窄带滤波器,对放大后激光信号的ASE噪音进行滤除.研究表明:所设计的激光器结构充分利用了泵浦光,在300mW的(980nm)泵浦功率下获得了功率为32.5mW,线宽为11.5kHz,相对强度噪音为-87dB/Hz的激光输出.     

均衡功率的超宽带可调谐掺铒光纤激光器

报道了一种功率均衡的超宽带可调谐掺铒光纤激光器.该激光器采用窄线宽可调谐FP滤波器、掺铒光纤、波分复用器和耦合器构成光纤环形腔激光器，并通过部分反馈光功率自动控制，对输出激光功率进行均衡.实现了87 nm带宽（1525~1612 nm）范围内，输出激光功率波动小于0.2 dB的均衡结果.输出激光3 dB线宽为0.26 nm，边模抑制比大于55 dB.     

基于光纤Bragg光栅F-P滤波器及复合双环腔滤波器的单纵模掺铥光纤激光器

提出了一种基于光纤Bragg光栅Fabry-Pérot (F-P)窄带滤波器和复合双环腔滤波器的单纵模掺铥光纤激光器。通过对复合双环腔进行数值仿真并实验制作,结合光纤Bragg光栅F-P滤波器的窄带滤波特性,实现了光纤激光器的单纵模选取。激光器输出波长为1 941.56 nm,光信噪比为55.8 dB,70 min内的波长和功率波动分别小于0.019 nm和1.464 dB。由自制的基于非平衡迈克尔逊干涉仪线宽测试系统测量了所提出的掺铥光纤激光器输出单纵模激光的频率噪声特性,并用β线方法由频率噪声谱估计了不同测量时间下的激光线宽,2 ms测量时间下的典型激光线宽值为14.194 kHz。     

基于高双折射Sagnac环的可调环形腔掺铒光纤激光器理论与实验研究

报道了一种利用偏振控制器（PC）和保偏光纤（PMF）组成的高双折射Sagnac干涉环实现选频和调谐的环形腔掺铒光纤激光器.理论模拟了PMF和PC对波长的控制作用.实验中调节PC得到了单波长、双波长和多波长激光;并验证了滤波间隔随PMF长度的变化规律.实验中得到了斜率效率20%,3 dB线宽0.016 nm,30 dB线宽0.097 nm,边模抑制比（SMSR）40 dB左右的稳定激光输出. 关键词： 光纤激光器 Sagnac干涉环 环形腔 掺铒光纤     

布里渊-掺铒光纤随机光纤激光器输出特性分析

设计了一种基于受激布里渊散射和掺铒光纤混合增益的随机光纤激光器,该激光器选用两段长为20km的单模光纤组成全开放腔结构,利用单模光纤的瑞利散射提供随机光反馈.研究表明,固定布里渊泵浦波长和泵浦功率分别为1 550.00nm和2.19mW时,增加掺铒光纤泵浦功率,可以实现两个波长的随机激光输出,一阶和二阶受激布里渊散射光与布里渊泵浦光波长间隔分别约为0.088nm和0.174nm,产生一阶和二阶受激布里渊散射对应的掺铒光纤泵浦功率分别为190mW和370mW;当掺铒光纤泵浦功率为433mW时,激光器两端的最大输出功率为1.60mW和1.68mW.当掺铒光纤泵浦功率明显高于阈值功率时,获得的一阶和二阶随机激光输出稳定,3dB线宽约为0.022nm,峰值强度和位置基本不随时间而变化.     

基于光纤环形激光器和光放大的100 km光纤布拉格光栅传感系统

在基于掺铒光纤-拉曼混合放大的可调光纤环形激光器的光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感系统结构基础上,提出了延长传感距离的新方法。该方法以环形掺铒光纤激光器作为光源,采用双波长拉曼放大的方法对信号进行低噪声的双向放大,系统中间的两段掺铒光纤再利用剩余的抽运功率产生自发辐射光和放大传感信号,使得整个系统能够在超长的传感距离上获得很高的信噪比。实验表明使用一只40 mW的掺铒光纤放大(EDFA)抽运源、一只170 mW的拉曼抽运源和一只2 W的拉曼抽运源,可以使整个系统的传感距离达到100km,并且传感系统的光纤布拉格光栅反射信号均能获得超过57 dB的优良信噪比,从而实现在超长距离上的光纤布拉格光栅传感。     

基于微光纤Sagnac环的可切换多波长掺铒光纤激光器

提出了一种基于微光纤Sagnac环的可切换多波长掺铒光纤激光器。微光纤Sagnac环梳状滤波器是由一个腰区直径为5.68μm的微光纤耦合器熔接一段5.5 cm的保偏光纤而成。将该滤波器熔接到光纤环形腔中,通过调节偏振控制器,实现了四波长激光输出。此外还分别实现了稳定可切换的单、双、三波长激光输出,且双波长和三波长激光的输出间隔可调谐。实验结果表明,所有输出激光光谱的3 dB线宽均小于0.027 nm,边模抑制比均大于40 dB,最大可达到58 dB。对输出三波长的激光进行稳定性测试,其在1 h内波长偏移量小于0.028 nm,峰值功率波动量小于0.9 dB。该激光器单色性好、稳定性好,可应用于波分复用及全光通信系统等领域。     

双波长窄线宽光纤光栅环形腔激光器

本文报道了光纤光栅用作反射镜的双波长窄线宽掺铒光纤双端输出的环形腔激光器,其输出功率分别为3.65dBm和2.44dBm,各端口波长间的抑制比分别达到32dB和40dB,二者线宽均为0.1nm。     

全光纤色散腔掺铒光纤激光器

报道用９７１ｎｍ半导体激光器泵浦的掺铒光纤激光器的一些实验研究结果。演示了由光纤环反射器和光纤光栅构成的全光纤色散掺铒光纤激光器，在１．５５μｍ波段获得了线宽小于０．０５ｎｍ的激光输出。     

基于掺铒光纤/喇曼混合放大的光纤激光器布喇格光栅传感系统

提出了一种提高长距离光纤布喇格光栅信噪比以进行准分布测量的新方法.该方法基于掺铒光纤/喇曼混合放大的光纤激光器结构,掺铒光纤和滤波器构成的环形结构产生激光作为光源,喇曼光纤放大器对布喇格光栅信号进行低噪音的双向放大,置于远处的掺铒光纤利用剩余的泵浦功率产生自发辐射光和放大传感信号,为远处掺铒光纤之后的布喇格光栅传感器提供信号光以及补偿由于长距离传输造成的光纤损耗.实验显示,与使用宽带光源的传感方式相比,系统的性能得到显著提高,仅使用小功率泵浦,分布在50 km光纤上的FBG均获得了超过58 dB的优良信噪比.     

Single-frequency distributed Bragg reflector Tm:YAG ceramic derived all-glass fiber laser at 1.95 μm

A 135 mW single-frequency distributed Bragg reflector fiber laser at 1.95 μm was obtained based on a Tm:YAG ceramic-derived all-glass fiber. The fiber laser achieved an optical signal-to-noise ratio of ～ 77 dB. Moreover, the threshold and linewidth of the single-frequency laser were measured to be 15.4 mW and 4.5 kHz, respectively. In addition, the measured relative intensity noise was less than -140 dB· Hz^-1 at frequencies of over 10 MHz. The results show that the as-drawn Tm:YAG ceramic-derived all-glass fiber is highly promising for ～ 2 μm single-frequency fiber laser applications.     

Influence of laser linewidth on performance of Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry

The effects of optical sources with different laser linewidths on Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR) are investigated numerically and experimentally. Simulation results show that the spectral linewidth of spontaneous Brillouin scattering remains almost constant when the laser linewidth is less than 1 MHz at the same pulse width; otherwise, it increases sharply. A comparison between a fiber laser (FL) with 4-kHz linewidth at 3 dB and a distributed feedback (DFB) laser with 3-MHz linewidth is made experimentally. When a constant laser power is launched into the sensing fiber, the fitting linewidths of the beat signals (backscattered Brillouin light and local oscillator (LO)) is about 5 MHz wider for the DFB laser than for the FL and the intensity of the beat signal is about a half. Furthermore, the frequency fluctuation in the long sensing fiber is lower for the FL source, yielding about 2 MHz less than that of the DFB laser, indicating higher temperature/strain resolution. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical simulations.     

400 mW ultrashort cavity low-noise single-frequency Yb³⁺-doped phosphate fiber laser

A compact, low-noise, single-frequency fiber laser by using a newly developed Yb3? heavily doped single-mode phosphate glass fiber has been demonstrated. Over 400 mW stable continuous wave single transverse and longitudinal mode laser at 1.06 μm was achieved from a 0.8 cm long active fiber. The measured slope efficiency and estimated quantum efficiency of laser emission are 72.7% and 93%, respectively. The signal-to-noise ratio is higher than 72 dB, and the linewidth of the fiber laser is less than 7 kHz, while the measured relative intensity noise is less than -130 dB/Hz at frequencies of over 1.5 MHz.     

All-fiber eye-safe pulsed laser with Er-Yb Co-doped multi-stage amplifier

We report an all-fiber pulsed laser with multistage fiber amplifier which was suitable for high power eye-safe free space optical communications. Tapered structure has been utilized between booster and final amplifiers, which could increase the power coupling from the former fiber into the core of the latter fiber, and the beam quality of the output laser could be improved simultaneously. A maximum output power over 6 W has been achieved from the master-oscillator-power-amplifier system. With the multi-stage configuration and forward pumping, the optical signal to noise ratio was measured to be better than 50 dB.     

Long-external-cavity distributed Bragg reflector laser with subkilohertz intrinsic linewidth

We report on a simple, compact, and robust 780 nm distributed Bragg reflector laser with subkilohertz intrinsic linewidth. An external cavity with optical path length of 3.6 m, implemented with an optical fiber, reduces the laser frequency noise by several orders of magnitude. At frequencies above 100 kHz the frequency noise spectral density is reduced by over 33 dB, resulting in an intrinsic Lorentzian linewidth of 300 Hz. The remaining low-frequency noise is easily removed by stabilization to an external reference cavity. We further characterize the influence of feedback power and current variation on the intrinsic linewidth. The system is suitable for experiments requiring a tunable laser with narrow linewidth and low high-frequency noise, such as coherent optical communication, optical clocks, and cavity QED experiments.     

Medium power single-mode single-wavelength fiber laser

Medium-power, single-mode, single-wavelength fiber laser working at room temperature using a polarization-maintaining erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber as the gain medium, and an un-pumped elliptical core erbium-doped fiber as a saturable absorber to reduce linewidth and mode hopping of the lasing wavelength is reported. The effects of length, erbium ion concentration, and polarization-maintaining property of the saturable absorber were explored. The output power of the laser was more than 100 mW and the lasing line was stable for more than 3 h with an intensity fluctuation of less than 0.2 dB. The laser linewidth (FWHM = Full width at half maximum) was 7.5 MHz and the signal to noise ratio was more than 50 dB. The output of the laser was measured using an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA) of resolution 1.25 GHz and a scanning Fabry-Perot spectrum analyzer (SFPSA) of resolution 6.7 MHz.     

Analysis of performance of RFS-based optical comb influenced by linewidth of laser source

The laser source is an important element whose properties have influence on the output performance of single sideband(SSB) optical comb based on recirculating frequency shifter(RFS).The theoretical and experimental results show that the tone-to-noise ratio(TNR),flatness,and stability of optical comb improve using laser source with narrower linewidth.In order to obtain the optical comb with TNR larger than 42 dB and degree of stability(DOS) smaller than-6.7 dB,external cavity laser(ECL) with linewidth from 100 kHz to 1 MHz is a trade-off choice.     

2 μm波段宽带可调谐全光纤激光器

设计并实验研究了一种采用Fabry-Perot (F-P)光纤滤波器的2 μm波段宽带可调谐全光纤环形激光器,经过放大的1 550 nm半导体激光泵浦单模铥-钬共掺光纤(THDF)获得2 μm波段宽带增益。实验结果表明,该结构在2 μm波段获得了195 nm调谐范围的激光输出,线宽0.05 nm,边模抑制比66.98 dB。整个结构采用铥-钬共掺光纤放大结构,可使输出功率达到瓦级。     

Laser phase noise to intensity noise conversion by lowest-order group-velocity dispersion in optical fiber: exact theory

An exact result for the spectral density of intensity variations that occur after propagation of ergodic light in a medium having lowest-order-only group-velocity dispersion is obtained and applied to the problem of semiconductor laser phase noise to intensity noise conversion in a single-mode optical fiber. It is shown that the intensity spectrum after propagation formally approaches, for a large laser linewidth or a long (or high-dispersion) fiber, the intensity spectrum of a thermal source having the same line shape as the laser.     

Tunable single-longitudinal-mode Ytterbium all fiber laser with saturable-absorber-based auto-tracking filter

A broadband tunable, single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) Ytterbium fiber laser with unpumped Ytterbium-doped Sagnac loop is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The unpumped Ytterbium-doped Sagnac loop is employed as a saturable absorber based auto-tracking filter to ensure single-longitudinal-mode oscillation. And a tunable band pass optical filter with large tuning range is applied to achieve broadband tuning ability. With 1-m Ytterbium-doped fiber as the gain medium, the SLM operation is achieved with over 60-nm wavelength tuning range at 160-mW pump power. The laser is very stable with output power of about 3 dBm and optical signal to noise ratio of higher than 50 dB in all the 60-nm tuning range.