合并血浆中病毒标记检测临界值的确定分析

确保合并血浆检测结果的判定准确可靠,能够有效保证合并血浆的病毒安全性,对合并血浆乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原、丙型肝炎病毒抗体、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体检测时不同厂家检测试剂的临界值进行确定。(1)使用双抗体夹心酶联免疫法对合并血浆HBsAg和HIV-1/HIV-2抗体的检测临界值进行确定。(2)使用酶联免疫法检测合并血浆HCV抗体的临界值进行确定。经检测和计算,两个厂家检测试剂的检测临界值系数分别为乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原23.398%和26.845%、丙型肝炎病毒抗体9.012%和16.481%、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体20.025%和23.424%。     

白血病细胞酶联免疫酶催化银沉积于插指电极阵列电化学免疫分析新方法

建立了一种检测白血病细胞表面抗原的细胞酶联免疫电化学分析新方法. 该方法兼有细胞酶联免疫分析抗原、抗体结合的特异性和插指电极阵列酶催化银沉积电化学分析的灵敏性. 在聚苯乙烯微孔板中包被白血病细胞, 先后加入鼠抗人抗体及碱性磷酸酶(ALP)标记的马抗鼠抗体, ALP催化抗坏血酸磷酸酯(AAP)水解成抗坏血酸(AA), AA使银离子还原成银单质并沉积到插指电极阵列表面, 导致插指电极阵列上相邻两个梳齿导通. 通过对电导率的测定, 可实现对细胞表面抗原的高灵敏分析. 此分析方法灵敏度高(可检测出50个左右的HL-60细胞)、特异性好, 且可用于大量样品的分析, 为白血病等肿瘤疾病的早期诊断和免疫分型提供了新技术. 此外, 该方法也可用于细胞表面分子基因工程抗体活性的检测.     

化学发光免疫技术

化学发光免疫技术是化学发光与免疫测定结合起来的一种高效检测手段,化学发光是在特定化学反应中产生的光辐射。化学发光免疫技术可根据抗原抗体标记物的不同而分为发光物免疫测定、发光酶免疫测定和发光辅助因子免疫测定三大类型。     

红细胞标记抗体的电化学免疫分析

研究了红细胞标记抗体的电化学免疫分析法。用乙型肝炎单克隆抗体致敏的红细胞作双抗陕 心免疫分析的酶标二抗替代物。在免疫反应完成后，结合抗原－抗体免疫复合物上的敏化红细胞在低渗溶液中溶血，释放出血红蛋白。     

多色彩可视化半定量检测方法用于COVID-19患者治疗过程中抗体浓度变化的快速监测

现场快速定量检测新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)抗体对于监测新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者治疗过程具有重要作用. 目前, 大多数抗体检测采用基于金纳米粒子的免疫层析定性检测, 但该方法仅表现出一种颜色变化, 无法实现现场快速定量检测. 本文采用特异性刻蚀金纳米棒(Au NRs)的方法, 实现了SARS-CoV-2抗体多色彩可视化的现场快速定量检测. 首先, 将SARS-CoV-2重组抗原固定在96孔酶标板上; 随后, 将辣根过氧化物酶标记的酶标抗体与待测抗体结合, 形成抗原-待测抗体-酶标抗体的复合三明治结构, 且酶标抗体与待测抗体浓度呈正相关; 由于酶标抗体可与3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)发生特异性反应, 生成TMB²⁺, 而TMB²⁺可选择性刻蚀Au NRs, 使得溶液产生丰富多彩的颜色, 即可通过观察溶液颜色变化实现SARS-CoV-2抗体浓度半定量检测. 在最佳条件下, 该方法对SARS-CoV-2 IgM抗体在5.00~200 IU浓度范围内呈良好线性关系, 检出限为1.29 IU, 并具有较高的灵敏度和特异性. 上述方法成功用于COVID-19患者治疗过程中SARS-CoV-2 IgM抗体浓度半定量快速检测.     

化学发光成像法测定人体血清中乙型肝炎病毒

基于对碘苯酚增强的luminol-H2O2-HRP化学发光反应,利用化学发光成像法检测乙肝病毒(HBV)。用该法对人体血清中的乙型肝炎表面抗原、表面抗体、e抗原、e抗体以及核心抗体进行测定,其结果与ELISA法所得结果一致,对表面抗原检测结果为阳性的病人血清测定9次,结果的相对标准偏差为4．2％。     

板式磁颗粒化学发光免疫分析测定人血清中糖类抗原125

在传统的板式化学发光免疫分析法和管式磁颗粒化学发光免疫分析法基础上,建立了人血清中糖类抗原125(CA125)的板式磁颗粒化学发光免疫分析方法.该方法以磁性微粒子作为分离固相,96孔板为反应容器,辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)催化H2O2-luminol化学发光体系作为检测体系.本法测定CA125的检测灵敏度可达2.0U/mL,线性范围为0～400U/mL.与常用的包被板化学发光免疫分析方法对比,该方法检测范围宽.与管式磁颗粒化化学发光法比较,其分析灵敏度与精密度高、线性范围、分析通量以及分析成本方面均显示了很好的优越性.采用该方法对人血清中CA125进行测定并与罗氏全自动电化学发光系统的测值结果进行了比对,两者显示了良好的相关性.     

促进动物生长的新型基因工程疫苗研究

将动物生长抑素(ss)基因融合到乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)基因3′末端,构建融合基因重组痘苗病毒。重组病毒(vv-HBs/ss)能表达HBsAg杂合颗粒,并将ss抗原决定簇暴露在颗粒表面。以vv-HBs/ss作为活载体苗免疫家兔,能刺激产生ss抗体;免疫大鼠,能促进生长。     

纳米磁性微球免疫伏安法测定乙肝表面抗原

采用化学键合法将乙肝抗体固化在自行制备的纳米磁性高分子功能微球表面 ,利用免疫夹心反应原理 ,捕获溶液中的乙肝表面抗原和标记有辣根过氧化物酶的乙肝第二抗体 .在外加磁场的作用下 ,抗体抗原结合物从样品溶液中分离 ,在含有邻氨基苯酚和过氧化氢的底液中 ,生成具有电活性的化合物 3 氨基吩呃嗪 ,用示差脉冲伏安法进行测定 .响应电流与乙肝表面抗原浓度分别在 0 2～ 1 0和 1 0～ 5 0 0ng·mL-1成线性关系 ,检出限达 0 0 60ng·mL-1.采用本方法检测血清中乙肝表面抗原 ,灵敏度大大高于目前临床采用的酶联免疫吸附法 .     

癌胚抗原毛细管电泳-化学发光均相免疫分析

建立了一种测定人血清中癌胚抗原的毛细管电泳-化学发光检测的均相免疫分析新方法.采用四苯硼钠增强luminol-H2 O2-HRP体系化学发光的原理,化学发光检测经毛细管电泳分离的,用辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记的癌胚抗体及免疫复合物.测定癌胚抗原的线性范围2.0～80.0 μg/L(R=0.9921),检出限为0.1 μg/L(绝对检出限为0.75 fg).     

A novel mimetic enzymatic fluorescence immunoassay for hepatitis B surface antigen by using a thermal phase separating polymer

Iron tetrasulfonatophthalocyanine (FeTSPc), a peroxidase mimic, was used as a labeling reagent and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIP) as the separation support of the immune complex for the mimetic-enzymatic immunoassay of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). PNIP was precipitated from aqueous solution when the ambient temperature was higher than its lower critical solution temperature of 31 degrees C. In a sandwich immunoassay, the antigen (HBsAg) first reacted with mouse anti-human HBsAg antibody immobilized on PNIP (PNIP-antibody) and then further reacted with FeTSPc-labeled mouse anti-HBsAg antibody (antibody-FeTSPc) at room temperature in a homogeneous format. After changing the temperature to separate the PNIP-antibody-HBsAg-antibody-FeTSPc conjugate moiety, it was re-dissolved and determined by coupling with the fluorogenic reaction of hydrogen peroxide and p-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid. The sensitivity of this method (3 ng mL-1) was close to that of the traditional ELISA using the same reactants. However, the assay was much faster (the assay time decreased from 100-120 to 45 min). This method was applied to determine HBsAg in human serum with satisfactory results.     

新型pH敏感相分离高分子的制备及其在免疫分析中的应用

聚Ｎ 异丙基丙烯酰胺 (ＰＮＩＰ)温度敏感高分子以其独特的温度敏感性质已成功地应用于免疫分析[1～ 6] .但这类温度敏感相分离免疫分析的反应温度必须控制在ＰＮＩＰ的相转变温度 ( 31℃ )以下 ,这不可避免地会影响免疫反应速率 .ｐＨ敏感高分子是另一类对环境敏感的智能型高分子 ,在其相转变ｐＨ值附近发生沉淀与溶解的可逆性变化 .目前 ,ｐＨ敏感高分子在免疫分析中的应用并没有受到重视 ,研究得较少[7] .这主要是由于 ｐＨ敏感高分子的相转变 ｐＨ值大都在 3左右 ,在此ｐＨ条件下 ,免疫反应生成的抗原 抗体免疫复合物会受到不同程度的…     

Gold nanoparticles based chemiluminescent resonance energy transfer for immunoassay of alpha fetoprotein cancer marker

In this paper, we report a new strategy of chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) by using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as efficient long-range energy acceptor in sandwich immunoassays. In the design of CRET system, we chose the highly sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) reaction of luminol and hydrogen peroxide catalysed by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) because the CL spectrum of luminol (λ(max) 425 nm) partially overlaps with the visible absorption bands of AuNPs. On the basis of CRET strategy, we developed a sandwich immunoassay of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) cancer marker. In immunoassay, two antibodies (anti-AFP-1 and anti-AFP-2) were conjugated to AuNPs and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), respectively. The sandwich-type immunoreactions between the AFP (antigen) and the two different antibodies bridged the donors (luminol) and acceptors (AuNPs), which led to the occurrence of CRET from luminol to AuNPs upon chemiluminescent reaction. We observed that the quenching of chemiluminescence signal depended linearly on the AFP concentration within a range of concentration from 5 to 70 ng mL(-1) and the detection limit of AFP was 2.5 ng mL(-1). Our method was successfully applied for determination of AFP levels in sera from cancer patients, and the results were in good agreement with ELISA assays. This approach is expected to be extended to other assay designs, that is, using other antibodies, analytes, chemiluminescent substance, and even other metallic nanoparticles.     

Gold nanoparticle-labeled detection antibodies for use in an enhanced electrochemical immunoassay of hepatitis B surface antigen in human serum

The application of gold nanoparticle-based electrochemical immunoassays have been extensively studied for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), but most often they exhibit low sensitivity. We describe the fabrication of a new electrochemical immunoassay for signal amplification of the antigen-antibody reaction combined with the nanogold-based bio-barcode technique. Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) was initially immobilized on a nanogold/thionine/DNA-modified gold electrode, and then a sandwich-type immunoassay format was employed for the detection of HBsAg using nanogold-codified horseradish peroxidase-HBsAb conjugates as secondary antibodies. Under optimal conditions, the current response of the sandwich-type immunocomplex relative to the H₂O₂ system was proportional to HBsAg concentration in the range from 0.5 to 650 ng·mL^?1 with a detection limit of 0.1 ng·mL^?1 (S/N?=?3). The precision, reproducibility and stability of the immunosensor were acceptable. Subsequently, the immunosensors were used to assay HBsAg in human serum specimens. Analytical results were in agreement with those obtained by the standard chemiluminescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.     

化学发光酶联免疫分析检测血清中麻疹病毒抗体

化学发光酶联免疫分析检测血清中麻疹病毒抗体章竹君，邹克渭，程明洁（陕西师范大学分析科学研究所，西安，７１００６２）（陕西省卫生防疫站）关键词麻疹病毒抗体，化学发光，酶联免疫分析，辣根过氧化物酶目前在计划免疫工作中通常采用间接酶联免疫吸附分析法（ＥＬＩ...     

氯化血红素作为模拟酶荧光免疫分析乙肝表面抗原

乙肝表面抗原的测定在临床诊断上是一项很重要的指标．现在一般采用酶联吸附免疫分析技术测定，但是酶本身性质不稳定且价格昂贵、操作繁琐；更重要的是大分子的酶作为标记物，由于空间位阻效应而阻碍抗原-抗体的免疫反应．所以，用小分子催化剂代替大分子酶的研究显得日益重要[1，2]．近年来有关模拟酶在免疫分析中的应用已有报道[3，4]．本文提出了以氯化血红素作为辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）的模拟酶来标记抗体，以盐酸硫胺素（维生素B1）作为供氢体，成功地实现了乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）的夹心法荧光免疫分析．测定范围是2．5～500ng／wel…     

Preparation of Functional Magnetic Nanoparticles and its Application in Diagnostic Analysis

The magnetic nanoparticles modified with carboxyl functional group were synthesized and characterized. These nanoparticles covalently bound with hepatitis B surface antibody（HBsAb）, were used to detect hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） in immunovoltammetry. The detection limit was found to be 0.06 ng/mL, which is much higher than that of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） used in clinical analysis.     

Flow-Injection Enzyme Immunoassay for Human IgG by Using Enhanced Chemiluminescence Reaction for Horseradish Peroxidase Label Quantitation

Abstract

A flow-injection sandwich enzyme immunoassay for human IgG as model antigen by using horseradish peroxidase as label, polystyrene beads as solid support, and the enhanced chemiluminescence reaction for peroxidase quantitation is described. the kinetics of antigen—immobilized antibody interaction has been studied and the quantitative time-concentration ranges of reactions have been estimated. Each of the two immunochemical steps of analysis have been pursued in the kinetic regime. the time for each immunochemical step was reduced to 2–3 min. the enhanced luminescent reaction involving luminol and p-iodophenol as substrates was used to detect the peroxidase label. the conditions for chemiluminescent reaction were optimized. the detection limit for peroxidase in a 3 min assay was 5–10^?16 moles/tube. the detection limit for IgG, in the developed immunoassay, is 10^?9 M, the overall time of the assay being 5–10 min.     

乙肝疫苗注入后婴儿血液吞噬细胞吞噬功能变化的临床观察

为探讨乙开型肝炎表面抗原（ｈｅｐａｔｉｔｉｓ Ｂ ｓｕｒｆａｃｅ ａｎｔｉｇｅｎ,ＨＢｓＡｇ）阳性母亲的婴儿乙肝疫苗注入后早期机体免疫反应的特点,采用化我法测定了吞噬细胞的吞噬功能;用双抗原夹心法测定了抗－ＨＢｓ抗体。结果表明,（１）乙肝疫苗注入前两组间吞噬细胞的吞噬功能无明显差异,疫苗注入后３个月和６个月时实组外周血吞噬细胞的吞噬功能明显下降（Ｐ〈０．０５）。两组间同时间点相比,１个月和３个月都     

Flow Injection Chemiluminescence for the Determination of Estriol via a Noncompetitive Enzyme Immunoassay

A novel approach to the detection of estriol using a flow injection system coupled to enhanced chemiluminescent immunoassay was developed based on noncompetitive immunoassay formats. A conjugated estriol-ovalbumin immobilized immunoaffinity column was inserted into the flow system to trap the unbound horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled antibody after an off-line incubation of estriol and HRP-labeled anti-estriol antibody. The trapped enzyme conjugate was detected by the injection of chemiluminescent substrates to produce enhanced chemiluminescence. The linear range for the determination of estriol is 10.0 to 400 ng · mL⁻¹ with a correlation coefficient of 0.996 and a detection limit of 5.0 ng · mL⁻¹. The total time for sampling and chemiluminescent detection of one sample is 400 seconds after 30 min of pre-incubation. The results for pregnancy serum samples obtained by this method are in good agreement with those obtained using ELISA.