ICP-AES测定铜电解液中的Fe、Ni、Pb、Bi、Sb、Zn和As

利用ICP-AES分析技术,通过对样品处理、元素分析谱线、酸度等因素进行试验研究,综合确定了分析条件,对铜电解液中杂质元素（Fe、Ni、Pb、Bi、Sb、Zn、As）进行了ICP-AES测定。结果表明,ICP-AES测定铜电解液中Fe、Ni、Pb、Bi、Sb、Zn和As,可以满足铜电解生产的需要,为高纯阴极铜的生产起了指导作用。     

海洋沉积物标样ICP—AES多元素同时分析

本文提出了用ICP-AES法直接对海洋沉积物标准样品中多元素同时分析。ICP-AES法具有灵敏度高,测量精度好,线性范围宽等优点[1-4]。在此文中对样品前处理做了方法的研究,选用了多元素同时测定,空白值低、省时的溶解方法。相对标准偏差为0.03-6.9%,同时对GSD-9标准样进行了分析,结果与标准样值相符。     

原子吸收光谱法和ICP-AES测定矿物中铷的比较

比较了原子吸收光谱法(AAS)和电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定经混酸溶解的矿物中的铷。结果表明:两种方法的准确度、精密度均较好。AAS测定铷检出限更低,但其测定范围窄,需要添加硫酸钾作为消电离剂,过程复杂;ICP-AES测定范围较宽,对于高含量样品无需稀释即可直接测定,过程简单,可多元素同时测定,更适合于分析大批量样品。     

ICP-AES测定钾石盐中钾、钠、钙和镁的含量

在选定的最佳条件下,样品直接溶解后采用ICP-AES测定钾石盐中钾、钠、钙、镁的含量,其最终检测结果与化学法测定结果一致。该方法简便、快速、线性范围宽、测量稳定、可多元素同时测定。回收率为98.3%—100.2%。     

电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法测定陶瓷颜料中的多种元素

采用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定了陶瓷颜料中的镉、锌、钛、铬、铁、钙、镁等多种元素。样品经王水的缓慢溶解,再加入氢氟酸除硅。在HNO3介质中,用ICP-AES测定其中的多种元素。讨论了溶样条件、基体效应等影响因素。在选定的仪器最佳条件下,该方法测定各元素的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)在0.52%—3.06%之间,加标回收率在98.6%—104.3%之间。该方法分析实际样品,分析结果与其他方法一致。     

ICP-AES测定金红石中的二氧化锆、三氧化二铁、二氧化硅含量

叙述了ICP-AES测定金红石中二氧化锆、三氧化二铁、二氧化硅含量的方法。将样品用过氧化钠-氢氧化钠混合熔剂熔融,采用基体匹配扣除基体干扰,被测杂质元素不用分离,直接测定。     

ICP-AES同时测定水中的痕量钼、钴、硼、锑、钒和钛

采用ICP-AES同时测定水中的痕量钼、钴、硼、锑、钒、钛等6种元素。结果表明,各元素检出限为1.5—13μg.L^-1,满足饮用水及其水源水分析要求;空白加标回收率为94.2%—105%,样品加标回收率为90.6%—98.8%,相对标准偏差（n=9）〈2.40%。该方法简便、高效、快速、线性范围宽,适于饮用水及其水源水质分析。     

海洋沉积物中19个元素的ICP-AES同时测定

高频电感耦合等离子体发射光谱分析,灵敏度高、精度好、线性范围宽、能同时进行多元素测定,已广泛应用于地质化探、河流沉积物、湖水等样品的分析。对于海洋沉积物的分析,也有报导。应用ICP-AES对海洋沉积物中常量、少量和微量元素的同时测定,需要解决两个问题:样品的分解和元素间的光谱干扰。本文在这两方面进行了探讨。设定了测定条件,计算了元素间的干扰校正因子,同时测     

ICP-AES测定铝合金中Mg、Be、Mn、Mo、Fe、Ti、Si和Zn

采用ICP-AES同时测定铝合金中合金元素和杂质元素,优化ICP光谱仪的工作条件,测定回收率96%—106%,RSD0.28%—6.26%,结果令人满意。     

王水溶样ICP-AES同时测定土壤样品中的铜、铅、锌、铁、锰、钼和硫

采用王水溶样ICP-AES同时测定土壤样品中的铜、铅、锌、铁、锰、钼、硫元素.对样品溶解方法、溶解时间、谱线选择、干扰及背景扣除进行了讨论,用国家一级标准物质进行准确度、精密度实验.精密度(RSD,n=8)小于9.99％,准确度(△lgC)钼元素小于0.18(小于3倍检出限)、其他元素小于0.08.运用该方法对江苏省南京江宁区莺子山地区的资源评价项目土壤样品进行了测试,测试数据与传统方法进行了比对,结果吻合.     

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Analysis of Urea Trace in Urine,Fingerprint, and Tear Samples

The detection of molecular biomarkers of various diseases in biologic fluids is of paramount interest in the field of biomedicine. In this work we demonstrate a direct and reliable identification of urea metabolic by-product in two particular biological fluids, namely, tears and fingerprints, by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) using gold colloidal particulate films as active plasmonic substrates. The SERS analysis of urea in tears and fingerprint samples produced in the secretions of the sebaceous and eccrine glands, respectively, was directly correlated with SERS analysis of urea in urine samples collected from the same volunteer. We demonstrate a high level of sensitivity and reliability, which would allow this method to be extended for monitoring other biomarkers present in these special biologic fluids as proteins and metabolites. Additionally, the SERS analysis is far less invasive than any other conventional analysis, such as the blood urea nitrogen test, which requires blood samples.     

X射线荧光光谱法同时快速测定多金属矿样品中的铜、铅、锌、钼、钨和硫等元素

粉末压片法制样,选用标准样品,以经验α系数和散射线内标法校正元素谱线重叠干扰和基体效应,使用ZSX Primus X射线荧光光谱仪对多金属矿样品中、低含量的铜、铅、锌、钼、钨和硫等元素同时进行快速测定,方法的测试范围为:Cu:0.0030%—5.00%;Pb:0.0050%—5.00%;Zn:0.010%—5.00%;Mo:0.0030%—1.50%;W:0.005%—2.00%;S:0.010%—10.00%。方法测定值与标准值、ICP-OES/MS、比色分析、红外碳硫分析数据基本吻合,可满足实验室对多种多金属矿石批量检测的要求。     

无火焰原子吸收光度法连续测定化探样品中铜、铬、钴、镍、铅、镉

本文主要介绍了化探样品相态分析中无火焰原子吸收光度法测定化探样品中的铜、铬、钴、镍、铅、镉的分析方法。近年来，随着地质找矿工作的发展，地球化探人员对相态分析技术越来越感兴趣，在相态分析中，不同相态同一种元素的含量相差很大，给溶液的提取，制备及测定工作带来了很多不便，加之，大量的常量元素的存在尤其是钙、镁、锰、铁等元素极易产生干扰，在水溶态，离子态的分析液中铜、铬、钴、镍、铅、镉的含量又很低，给测试带来了很大难度，在相态的提取过程中，如果做平行、样品分析的话一个样品至少要制备八份溶液，工作量很大，因此，找到一个简单，快捷而又稳定可靠的测试方法是十分必要的，在测定中采用了磷酸为基体改进剂，它不仅可以消除基体的干扰，并可使各种元素测定的精密度得到很大改善。     

Determination of Cu,Zn, and Se in microvolumes of liquid biological samples

Cu, Zn, and Se were successfully determined in a few microliters (<100 μl) of biological samples using discrete injection atomic absorption spectrometry. Different factors were investigated in order to obtain a biological sample volume which is valid for analysis. Among them are the effect of microsampling volume variations (starting from 40 to 200 μl), nebulization efficiency, detection limits, precision, and finally the calibration and sensitivity of the proposed method. It was found that 60 μl of the biological sample was adequate for the quantitative analysis with reasonable precision. The advantages of the proposed method are not only rapidity, simplicity, sensitivity, and good precision, but also, contrary to conventional flame atomic absorption spectrometry, the capability of analyzing microvolumes of samples.     

硅铁中Si,Al,Ca,Mn,Cr,P和S元素的X射线荧光光谱分析

叙述了用ＡＲＬ８４８０型Ｘ射线荧光光谱仪测定硅铁中Ｓｉ、Ａｌ、Ｃａ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｒ、Ｐ和Ｓ元素的Ｘ射线荧光光谱分析方法。采用直接粉末压片法制样。分析结果与化学法结果相符。方法快速、准确、经济、简便，精密度很好。通常，结果是令人满意的     

哈尔滨市城区大气重金属沉降特征和来源研究

鉴于大气重金属降尘对城市居民健康存在一定的威胁,针对哈尔滨市从未开展过重金属沉降特征研究的现状,采用被动采样技术共收集大气降尘样品46份,用AFS-230E原子荧光光度计和ICP-AES全谱直读电感耦合等离子发射光谱法测量样品中的重金属元素含量,计算各元素年沉降通量,利用Pearson系数法、主成分分析法、富集因子法进行重金属沉降特征和来源分析。结果表明,Mn和Co元素主要来自于自然源,其余各元素沉降主要由人为源构成,且人为源中占主导地位的是燃煤尘、汽车尘和金属冶金尘。     

Characterization of minerals in air dust particles in the state of Tamilnadu,India through FTIR,XRD and SEM analyses

The abstract of this paper explains the presence of minerals in air which causes great concern regarding public health issues. The spectroscopic investigation of air dust particles of several samples in various locations in the state of Tamilnadu, India is reported. Qualitative analyses were carried out to determine the major and minor constituent minerals present in the samples based on the FTIR, XRD absorption peaks. This study also identified the minerals like quartz, asbestos, kaolinite, calcite, hematite, montmorillonite, nacrite and several other trace minerals in the air dust particles. The presents of quartz is mainly found in all the samples invariably. Hence the percentage of quartz and its crystalline nature were determined with the help of extinction co-efficient and crystallinity index respectively. The shape and size of the particulates are studied with SEM analysis.     

Determination of essential elements (Mn,Fe, Cu and Zn) in herbal teas by TXRF,FAAS and ICP-OES

The aim of this study was the comparison of the results obtained in the determination of the content of essential elements such as Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn in vegetation samples using different analytical approaches, including suspension preparation and total reflection X-ray fluorescence ( TXRF) analysis as well as most commonly used spectroscopic methods in the field of vegetal analysis such as acid digestion in combination with atomic emission (AES) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). In the case of TXRF analysis, two instruments equipped with different X-ray tubes anodes (W and Mo) were used to better evaluate the potential of TXRF for vegetal samples analysis. Analytical figures of merit for the considered methods were determined by the analysis of plant reference materials. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) applied to the analysed and certified values showed that the results were not statistically different at the significance level of p-values <0.05. Therefore, suspension preparation and TXRF analysis proved to be a sustainable and fast analytical alternative to the most commonly used ones involving a previous digestion of the sample and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) or flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) analysis. Finally, the different analytical approaches were applied to the determination of Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn in a set of herbal teas used for medical purposes.     

ICP-AES法测定胎儿小脑组织中生物必需常量元素K、Na、Mg、P的研究

研究了用微波消解处理样品，ICP－AES法直接测定胎儿小脑组织中生物必需常量元素K、Na、Mg、P的新方法，该方法简便，快速，准确，准确，对实际样品测定，结果令人满意。     

Influence of and correction for moisture in rocks,soils and sediments on in situ XRF analysis

This paper discusses the influence of water contained in rocks, soils and sediments on in situ XRF analysis with a portable XRF analyzer. Water in natural rocks, soil and sediments absorbs the characteristic x‐rays from the elements and also causes the primary radiation from the excitation sources to scatter, which results in a decrease in the intensity of characteristic x‐rays and an increase in the intensity of scattered x‐rays in a fluorescence spectrum. A method for correcting for the influence of the water on the analysis of wet samples is proposed, based on the fact that the intensity of scattered radiation is directly proportional to the water content of wet samples. Tests on a set of wet soil samples showed that the method can effectively correct for the influence of the water in wet samples up to a 20% water content. The method was also applied to the analysis of soil with an IED‐2000P XRF analyzer in a copper prospecting area in Yunnan, China. The results show satisfactory agreement of the results for Cu, Zn and Sr analyses before and after rain. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.