强激光锥型靶真空电子加速数值模拟研究

真空激光加速机制具有加速场梯度大、加速电子电量高的优点,目前制约真空加速机制研究发展的主要问题是如何产生具有一定初速度的电子并将其注入加速场。提出了一种利用强激光与锥型靶相互作用产生高能电子并实现真空加速的新方法,利用二维PIC(Particle-in-cell)粒子模拟程序对这一方法进行了研究。模拟结果显示,对于光强为1021 W/cm2量级的高斯激光脉冲,产生了能量为GeV量级、发散角约为1°的强流快电子束。此外还通过理论解析和参数模拟研究了靶半径对这种超热电子加速机制的影响。     

一种热真空试验设备的研制

热真空试验设备主要为航天产品组件提供高真空、冷热环境,模拟星载器件在轨各种模式下的工作性能指标是否满足设计要求。热真空设备主要模拟空间两个参数,即高真空环境和冷热环境。文中介绍了一种热真空试验设备的参数设计、设备组成及设备研制过程,并对设备的进行真空、温度等相关性能参数的测试,验证设计参数是否满足要求。     

2MW中性束注入器抽气过程分析

一、引言 中性束注入器是要把离子源引出的高能离子转化成高能中性粒子,并输送到聚变装置中,既要提供足够的气体靶厚,以获得高效率的中性化,又要求主真空箱内的气压不超过一定的压强值,以减少再电离损失和对装置的气体负载。对于2MW这样特大的注入器,在设计过程中,不仅力图获得最大传输效率,而且要考虑到工程上的可行性和经济效益。因此,通过对抽气过程的分析计算来优化选择注入器进气方式、真空及抽气系统的各参数是必要的。     

真空、低能离子注入对人宫颈癌（HeLa）细胞中 p53及c-fos mRNA的表达影响

在具有高效护水功能石蜡油的保护下进行了人宫颈癌细胞(HeLa细胞)的低能离子注入及真空处理, 用荧光定量PCR的方法分别研究了真空和30 keV N+的不同注入剂量下, 细胞中p53基因和c-fos基因的mRNA表达变化。 结果表明, 上述两个基因的表达与真空及低能离子注入之间存在着剂量关系。     

井筒内超临界水流动传热特性数值研究

随着世界油气资源的日渐枯竭,稠油开采在油气开发中的地位日益凸显。对于埋藏深、黏度大的稠油资源,实验研究发现超临界水技术对于深层超稠油具有采收率高且具有原位改质功能,应用前景广。准确预测井筒传热流动特性是进行超临界水开发作业设计与规划的前提。本文发展了一种适用于超临界注入井筒内的传热计算模型,该模型针对各种流型分别选择最优压降计算公式,并考虑超临界蒸汽物性参数对管流摩擦压降计算的影响,修正单相管流摩擦压降公式;模型计算结果与工业现场结果具有较好的一致性,并基于该模型分析了超临界水注入参数对流动传热规律的影响规律。     

压缩真空注入对光学双稳的影响

研究了注入压缩真空对介质为Ａ－型三能级原子的环形腔的双稳行为的影响。结果表明,压缩真空的注入明显增大了双稳迟滞环。可以注入适当的压缩真空来控制双稳。     

一种结构简单使用方便的微型真空阀

在低温实验中,常常要对小容积的输液管、真空室等进行抽空处理,目前一般实验室大都采用在被抽容器上焊上一段管子,再在管子上套上一段真空橡皮管,并与真空系统相联,当抽到一定的真空度后用夹子夹死,或采用隔膜式真空阀。这两种方式的缺点是:由于橡皮管和橡皮膜暴露在真空中的面积较大,真空度不易保持,每次实验前必须重新进行抽空处理,一般输液管用的死真空或活真空所用的真空阀体积大而重,致使使用也很不方便。为了克服以上这些缺点,最近我们研制了一种微型真空阀。实际使用表明:这种阀门具有结构简单,体积小、重量轻、加工容易,使用方便、气密性能良好等优点。     

基于LabVIEW的低温及真空测量系统设计

低温真空环境下超导材料的热物性参数测量是低温工程学的基础性研究内容。为了提高超导磁体热物性参数数据采集的实时性、连续性及准确性,同时实现多仪器和多数据采集的整合,设计了基于LabVIEW虚拟仪器系统的低温及真空数据采集系统,进行了相关的实验。通过对实验所采集数据的分析可知,基于LabVIEW虚拟仪器的低温真空测量系统具有稳定性好,数据采集连续、直观、准确的特点,为获得低温和真空参数的准确测量提供了一种新方法。     

探测器对量子增强马赫-曾德尔干涉仪相位测量灵敏度的影响

研究了强度差测量方案下,探测器量子效率对光子数态、关联数态、压缩真空态三种量子光源注入的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪相位测量灵敏度的影响.获得了相位测量灵敏度与效率的定量关系,比较了探测效率对不同量子态注入的干涉仪相位灵敏度的影响.研究表明：光子数态注入时,相位测量灵敏度始终不能超越标准量子极限;关联数态注入时,无论多大的光子数,要获得相位测量的量子增强,探测效率不得小于75%;对于压缩真空态,只要有压缩存在就可以获得一定的相位测量的量子增强;关联数态、压缩真空态的注入,相位灵敏度皆随探测效率的增大而不同程度的提高,且压缩真空态比关联数态具有更好的量子增强效果.给出了在量子增强的精密测量实验中对探测效率的要求,并结合实际应用说明了探测效率的提高有助于提高干涉仪探测的灵敏度.     

真空蠕变内耗仪的研制和应用

通常的内耗和蠕变实验是分别在不同的装置上进行的.为了研究蠕变对内耗的影响以及蠕变过程中的动态内耗,需要建立一种既能测量内耗,又能进行蠕变实验的装置.到目前为止,国内外的这种装置[1,2]都只能在大气中进行实验,有很大的局限性. 为了能够在真空中在同一装置上进行内耗和蠕变实验,我们研制了一套真空蠕变内耗仪.它将真空正扭摆与拉伸蠕变仪结合起来.可以在不破坏真空的情况下进行加载和卸载,从而可以在真空中对同一试样进行内耗,蠕变,蠕变对内耗的影响或蠕变过程中动态内耗的实验. 一、仪器结构 真空蠕变内耗仪的结构图如图1所示.它是真…     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.