荷电膜的膜电位研究进展

膜电位的测定是表征荷电膜的传递现象的重要参数之一。本文简要介绍了膜电位理论基础,包括T. M. S.理论和不可逆热力学理论。分别阐述了关于离子交换膜、双极膜、两性膜以及复合膜的膜电位的最新进展,并提出今后的发展方向。     

高分子纳滤膜的研究及进展

对高分子纳滤膜的发展背景以及国内外在这一领域的研究的研究进展作了详细的介绍。     

纳米复合膜在膜分离领域的研究进展

基于纳米材料的独特性质,将其引入高分子膜所制得的纳米复合滤膜有望解决目前制约膜技术发展的“上限平衡”问题。 本文综述了碳纳米管、石墨烯、SiO2、TiO2、分子筛、ZrO2以及纳米银颗粒等纳米复合膜在膜分离领域的研究进展。 这些纳米材料对于提高复合膜的机械稳定性、亲水性、选择性、渗透性及抗污染能力等有显著的效果。 此外,对纳米复合膜的发展与应用做了展望,也对其研究中存在的问题和解决方法进行了阐述。     

Theoretical analysis of the performance of composite membrane consisting of the catalytic and nanofiltration layers

A model of the composite membrane consisting of the catalytic layer (CL) and the nanofiltration layer (NFL) is presented. It has been found that applying NFL on the permeate side of CL it is possible to enhance substantially the conversion of substrate into the product. The best performance is obtained for high retention of substrate and low of product. At higher values of volume flow and/or longer catalytic path the retention degree of product becomes negligible. The presence of NFL enhances the influence of distribution of the reaction rate constant, k, on the conversion ratio. Comparing to k = constant the positive effect is obtained if k increases along the catalytic pore, whereas negative—if k decreases.     

Preparation of Zeolite X Membranes on Porous Ceramic Substrates with Zeolite Seeds

Zeolite X membranes were investigated by in-situ hydrothermal synthesis on porous ceramic tubes precoated with zeolite X seeds or precursor amorphous aluminosilicate, and porous α-Al2O3 ceramic tubes with a pore size of 50 200 nm were employed as supports. Zeolite X crystals were synthesized by the classic method and mixed into deionized water as a slurry with a concentration of 0.2 0.5wt%, having a range of crystal sizes from 0.2 to 2μm. Crystal seeds were pressed into the pores near the inner surface of the ceramic tubes, and crystallization took place at 95℃ for 24-96 h. It was also investigated that Boehmite sol added with zeolite X seeds was precoated on ceramic supports to form a layer of γ-Al2O3 by heating, and hydrothermal crystallization could then take place to prepare the zeolite membranes on the composite ceramic tubes. The crystal species were characterized by XRD, and the morphology of the supports subjected to crystallization was characterized by SEM. The composite zeolite membranes have zeolitic top-layers with a thickness of 10-25 μm, and zeolite crystals can be intruded into pores of the supports as deeply as 100μm. The experimental results indicate that the precoating of zeolitic seeds on supports is beneficial to crystallization by shortening the synthesis time and improving the membrane strength. The resulting zeolite X membrane shows permselectivity to tri-n-butylamine((C4H9)3N) over perfluro-tributyl-amine ((C4Fg)3N), and a permeance ratio of 57 for ((C4Hg)3N to (C4F9)3N could be reached at 350℃. Permeances of BZ, EB and TIPB through the zeolite membrane were also measured and were found to slightly increase with temperature.     

Preparation of Zeolite X Membranes on Porous Ceramic Substrates with Zeolite Seeds

Zeolite X membranes were investigated by in-situ hydrothermal synthesis on porous ceramic tubes precoated with zeolite X seeds or precursor amorphous aluminosilicate, and porous α-Al2O3 ceramic tubes with a pore size of 50-200 nm were employed as supports. Zeolite X crystals were synthesized by the classic method and mixed into deionized water as a slurry with a concentration of 0.2-0.5wt%, having a range of crystal sizes from 0.2 to 2μm. Crystal seeds were pressed into the pores near the inner surface of the ceramic tubes, and crystallization took place at 95℃ for 24-96 h. It was also investigated that Boehmite sol added with zeolite X seeds was precoated on ceramic supports to form a layer of r-Al2O3 by heating, and hydrothermal crystallization could then take place to prepare the zeolite membranes on the composite ceramic tubes. The crystal species were characterized by XRD, and the morphology of the supports subjected to crystallization was characterized by SEM. The composite zeolite membranes hav     

氯化锂为添加剂制得的疏水聚偏氟乙烯不对称微孔膜的形态结构及其膜蒸馏性能

结合膜的形态结构研究了以 LiCl为添加剂制得的疏水 PVDF膜的膜蒸馏性能。与来用水溶液高分子添加剂制得的PVDF微孔膜相比,膜蒸馏性能有了较大提高,尤其具有更高的截留率。制得的微孔膜的蒸馏通量已接近商品膜的膜蒸馏通量,表明以LiCl为添加剂制得的PVDF疏水微孔膜是一种适用于膜蒸馏的较理想的疏水微孔膜。     

透氢钯复合膜的原理、制备及表征

钯及其合金膜由于具有透氢性好和耐高温的特点，除了用作氢气分离和纯化器外，还可以用作脱氢、制氢等反应的反应器，以实现反应和分离的一体化，并提高转化率和选择性。本文综述了钯基复合膜的原理、制备及表征，并重点介绍了本研究组的光催化镀膜工艺。     

透氢钯复合膜的原理、制备及表征

钯及其合金膜由于具有透氢性好和耐高温的特点,除了用作氢气分离和纯化器外,还可以用作脱氢、制氢等反应的反应器,以实现反应和分离的一体化,并提高转化率和选择性。本文综述了钯基复合膜的原理、制备及表征,并重点介绍了本研究组的光催化镀膜工艺。     

两种固定化金属螯合复合亲和膜色谱介质制备

以纤维素滤纸为基质,通过碱处理、环氧活化、偶联亚氨基二乙酸二钠、固定化Ｃｕ＾２＋后制得了大孔纤维素亲和膜。另外,在活化后的膜上通过共价交联覆盖上琼脂糖,制得了具有类似“三明治”结构且性能优于的复合亲和膜,装柱后分别制得固定化金属螯合亲和膜色谱柱。对两种亲和膜进行牛血清白蛋白等温吸附测定显示,两者的最大吸附量分别为１．１７ｍｇ／ｃｍ＾２和１．３０ｍｇ／ｃｍ＾２,与传统的琼脂糖凝胶类介质吸附量相当,表     

高效膜色谱的发展和应用

对新兴的高效膜色谱的基质材料、膜形态、分离机理以及应用进行了综述,并对其用于对映体分离作了展望。共７６篇。     

Preparation of mordenite composite membranes with seeding

Mordenite composite membranes were prepared by means of coating a porous α-alumina support with nanosized mordenite seeds followed by hydrothermal crystallization. A systematic investigation was performed on the influence of several factors such as ageing of the reaction mixture, alkalinity, salt addition and temperature on the formation of a mordenite membrane on the seeded support. The ageing of the reaction mixture reduces the growth rate of mordenite crystal along a-axis and b-axis but hardly influences the growth rate along c-axis. As a result, the boundaries between the surface crystals become a little larger with prolonging the period of ageing time. The growth rate of the mordenite crystal along individual axes increases first and then decreases with increasing concentration of sodium hydroxide. A higher alkalinity is unfavorable for the formation of a continuous mordenite membrane. The addition of salt in the reaction mixture has different effect on the growth rate of the mordenite crystal along each axis. With increasing the amount of salt, there was hardly influence on the growth rate along c-axis, whereas an obvious decline was observed in the growth rate along either a-axis or b-axis, which enlarges the boundaries between the surface crystals. The growth rate of the mordenite crystal increases more along c-axis than that along a-axis or b-axis with increasing temperature for hydrothermal crystallization. The use of a temperature as high as 473 K produces a membrane composed of bar-like crystals with larger boundaries. __________ Translated from Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition), 2005, 32(4) (in Chinese)     

聚偏氟乙烯膜的改性研究进展

主要介绍了聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜在近年来改性方法的最新研究进展,从辐照改性、等离子体改性、共混改性和化学改性等几方面进行了详细介绍,简要介绍了PVDF膜作为离子交换膜的一些最新应用.     

“膜”法世界——膜材料的发展与应用*

膜材料作为新材料“十三五”规划专项工程之一,在工业和日常生活中起着非常重要的作用。依据材质不同,介绍了现有常见的有机膜、无机膜、新型膜材料,阐述了近年来膜在水处理、气体分离、电池隔膜和燃料电池等方面的应用发展,说明了膜材料在疫情防护材料中的用途,并对膜材料未来的发展做了总结和展望。     

含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳酰胺超滤膜的研制

膜性能;含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳酰胺超滤膜的研制     

PREPARATION OF SILICALITE-1 AND ZSM-5 ZEOLITE/ CERAMIC COMPOSITE MEMBRANES

ＰＲＥＰＡＲＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＳＩＬＩＣＡＬＩＴＥ┐１ＡＮＤＺＳＭ┐５ＺＥＯＬＩＴＥ／ＣＥＲＡＭＩＣＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＥＭＥＭＢＲＡＮＥＳＺｈａｎｇＬｉｘｉｏｎｇ，ＪｉａＭｅｎｇｄｏｎｇ，ＭｉｎＥｎｚｅ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰｅｔｒｏｌｅ...     

硅树脂/硅橡胶杂化膜的制备及性能研究

以十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷、四甲基二乙烯硅氧烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和正硅酸乙酯为原料,通过水解缩合制备了乙烯基含氟硅树脂。乙烯基硅橡胶和乙烯基含氟硅树脂为基质材料,含氢硅油为交联剂,硅氢加成制备了改性硅橡胶杂化膜材料。透气性能测试表明,当含氟硅树脂质量分数50.0%时,膜的成膜性和富氧性能之间达到最佳平衡点,30℃和0.01 MPa压差下,P（O2）为628 Barre,a（O2/N2）为3.36。与普通乙烯基硅橡胶交联膜比,这种有机―无机杂化膜在保持原有氧气透过系数的基础上,较好的改进了氧氮分离性能。     

微孔聚丙烯中空纤维膜的研究与开发

综述了聚丙烯中空纤维膜的研究与开发状况 ,包括制备原理、过程、影响因素及应用开发状况。重点综述了聚丙烯中空纤维膜的制备及结构性能     

Removal of Mercury by Emulsion Liquid Membranes: Studies on Emulsion Stability and Scale Up

Emulsion liquid membranes (ELM) have received significant attention in the separation of various metal ions from industrial wastewater. Still efforts are needed to get the desired level of stability to overcome the hindrance in the application of ELM at industrial scale. In this paper, the effects of various parameters such as emulsification speed, concentration of cosurfactant, surfactant, carrier and impeller speed during extraction on the stability of an emulsion liquid membrane are studied. Dispersion destabilization of w/o emulsion is checked by Turbiscan. Drop size distribution and photomicrographs of the emulsions are also analyzed to evaluate stability of the emulsion. Instability of emulsion liquid membrane during extraction process is measured in terms of membrane breakage. A stable emulsion is used for the extraction of mercury from aqueous solution in small scale as well as in large scale.