碳纳米管对非晶态NiB合金催化剂性能的影响

采用化学还原法制备了非晶态NiB合金，用CNTs-1、CNTs-2、y-Al2O3作载体制备了负载型非晶态NiB合金催化剂．以乙炔选择性加氢为目标反应考察了催化活性和选择性，用TEM、TPD等方法对催化剂进行了表征．TEM结果表明，粒径为8～10nm的NiB粒子均匀分散在CNTs-1外表面，大部分粒径为12～14nm的NiB颗粒在CNTs-2内腔生长，而y-Al2O3载体未能有效提高NiB分散度．用CNTs-1将NiB负载化，明显提高了NiB催化剂乙炔加氢活性．CNTs-1、CNTs-2和y-Al2O3载体对比，CNTs-2作载体促进了催化剂对氢的吸附，减弱了乙炔的吸附，提高了加氢活性和乙烯选择性．     

稀土氧化物的掺杂量对SO42-/ZrO2/Al2O3催化剂催化性能的影响

采用浸渍-沉淀法制备负载型纳米ZrO2/Al2O3,复合载体,并将不同量的氧化钕、氧化镨掺杂到负载型纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合载体中以调变ZrO2的表面性能.同时以此复合载体负载SO42-制备SO42-/REXOY-ZrO2/Al2O3催化剂.运用XHD、BET、NH3-TPD、原位红外技术对催化剂的晶相结构、比表面积、孔径分布、酸中心种类等进行表征,并以α-蒎烯异构化为探针反应考察了催化剂的活性.结果表明,适量的稀土掺杂会增加催化剂的比表面积,降低ZrO2的粒径,从而增加催化剂表面SO42-的配位吸附量,提高表面酸中心数和酸强度,增强催化剂的活性.     

SrO对Al2O3-ZrO2热稳定性及负载Pd催化剂氧化性能的影响

考察了SrO对A12O3-ZrO2载体热稳定性和负载钯催化剂氧化性能的影响，并运用BET、XRD、TPR、TPD等手段对催化剂进行了表征．研究结果表明SrO的添加能提高A12O3-ZrO2载体热稳定性，抑制高温下A12O3的烧结和a相变，降低负载钯催化剂的还原温度及CO、CO2脱附温度，提高钯催化剂对CO和C3H8的氧化活性．     

以大孔容TiO2和大孔容Al2O3为混合载体的加氢脱氮(HDN)催化剂的研究

把一定量的大孔容Al2 O3和TiO2 粉末混合均匀 ,用稀HNO3调匀挤成条状。测其吸水率 ,用等体积浸渍法负载固定含量的活性组分 (NiO和WO3) ,制备出Ni-W TiO2 -Al2 O3型催化剂。利用固定床流动反应器评价催化剂的HDN活性。结果表明 ,选择一定配比的TiO2 和Al2 O3作为混合载体 ,与以单一的Al2 O3为载体所制得的Ni-W催化剂相比 ,其HDN活性要高。而且 ,适当的予硫化条件、较低的焙烧温度有利于提高催化剂的HDN活性。     

负载型Ru基催化剂用于丙酮常压气相加氢

采用气相脉冲法，首次将非晶态Ru-B合金催化剂用于催化丙酮常压气相加氢反应．研究结果表明负载型Ru-B合金催化剂在较低的反应温度下表现出了很高的活性及生成异丙醇的选择性；负载在γ-Al2O3上的非晶态Ru-B合金与晶态的Ru相比，活性及异丙醇的产率都有很大提高；采用不同载体的非晶态Ru-B合金催化剂活性不同，在所选定的反应温度下，以膨润土为载体的Ru-B合金催化剂的活性与异丙醇的产率均高于以γ-Al2O3作载体的．用程序升温还原(TPR)，程序升温脱附(TPD)，等离子体发射光谱(ICP)等方法对催化剂表面性质及含量进行了表征．     

负载型无铬超细铁基变换催化剂的制备和催化性能

 以镁铝尖晶石为载体，以过渡金属氧化物为助剂，用吸附γ－Fe2O3胶体法制备了负载型无铬铁基变换催化剂．TEM，XRD，BET和活性测试结果表明，采用胶体负载法制备的变换催化剂，其活性组分Fe3O4以分立的超细微颗粒分布在镁铝尖晶石载体表面上，颗粒之间存在一定的间隔．过渡金属氧化物NiO或V2O5能够进入Fe3O4晶格形成固溶体，起到代替氧化铬的作用，提高催化活性．负载型催化剂FeNi／MgAl2O4（m（NiO）／m（Fe2O3）＝3％）在汽／气比为1和空速为2000h－1的反应条件下，CO转化率在400和350℃时分别为95％和80％；在高空速和低汽／气比条件下也具有很好的催化性能．稳定性实验结果表明，该催化剂 具有良好的热稳定性和一定的抗硫能力．与非负载型催化剂相比，负载型催化剂具有更为优越的催化性能．     

Y2O3掺杂ZrO2对苯选择加氢制环己烯催化剂Ru-La-B/ZrO2性能的影响

用水热合成法制备了纳米Zr O2和Y2O3掺杂的Zr O2(Zr O2-Y),并考察了它们作载体对苯选择加氢制环己烯催化剂Ru-La-B/Zr O2性能的影响。结果表明,2种Zr O2具有相同微晶尺寸、织构性质和粒度分布。但Zr O2仅含有单斜相Zr O2,而Zr O2-Y不但含有单斜相Zr O2,还含有一部分四方相Zr O2。Y2O3掺杂影响Zr O2的组成和物相,进而影响用其制备催化剂的组成和物相。掺杂的Y2O3可以占据一部分不适宜苯加氢生成环己烯的活性位。因此,Zr O2-Y负载Ru-La-B催化剂活性明显低于Zr O2负载的,在低苯转化率下环己烯选择性前者比后者高。由于四方相Zr O2表面羟基比单斜相少,Zr O2-Y负载Ru-La-B催化剂的亲水性比Zr O2负载的差。环己烯不易从Zr O2-Y负载的催化剂表面脱附。当苯转化率高于52%时,Zr O2-Y负载的催化剂的环己烯选择性低于单斜相Zr O2负载的。Zr O2负载的Ru-La-B催化剂上20 min的环己烯收率达到了52.1%,而Zr O2-Y负载的环己烯收率仅45.2%。纳米单斜相Zr O2较适宜作苯选择加氢制环己烯Ru催化剂的载体。     

负载型纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合载体的制备和表征及其Ni/ZrO2/Al2O3催化性能的研究

以大孔Al2O3为基载体，采用沉积-沉淀法和溶胶-沉积法制备了负载型纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合载体．用XRD、TEM和比表面与孔径测定等手段对载体进行了表征．结果表明，负载型纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合载体具有较大的比表面积和适宜的孔径分布，纳米ZrO2在载体上呈单层均匀分布．以CH4-CO2重整制合成气为探针反应，考察了Ni/ZrO2/Al2O3催化剂的活性和选择性．     

TiO2-Al2O3复合氧化物负载NiMo加氢脱硫催化剂的研究

采用溶胶凝胶技术，从Al2O3载体的表面改性出发，制备了TiO2-Al2O3复合载体。采用此改性载体制备了NiMo／TiO2-Al2O3催化剂；用中压固定床微反装置考察了载体改性对制备的催化剂的噻吩加氢脱硫(HDS)活性的影响．用透射电镜、NH3-TPD及吡啶红外光谱法对改性载体和催化剂进行了表征．结果表明，经钛溶胶改性的载体制备的催化剂与原有载体制备的催化剂相比，催化剂活性提高了20％．改性载体表面负载的钛溶胶以纳米尺寸的TiO2微粒形态存在．     

载体对Ni_2P催化剂加氢脱氮反应性能的影响

使用TiO2、Al2O3以及TiO2-Al2O3复合载体考察了载体对磷化镍催化剂活性相和加氢脱氮性能的影响。不同钛铝原子比的TiO2-Al2O3复合载体采用原位-溶胶凝胶法制备,负载的磷化镍催化剂采用等体积浸渍法和H2原位还原法制备。以喹啉为模型化合物在固定床反应器上对催化剂的加氢脱氮性能进行评价,采用XRD、N2吸附、TEM和H2-TPR等技术对催化剂和载体进行了表征。结果表明,制成的复合载体基本保留了最初引入的γ-Al2O3的孔特征,分散在γ-Al2O3表面的TiO2以锐钛矿晶型存在。不同载体对催化剂的H2还原行为有显著影响,所形成的活性物种也不相同。Al2O3中引入TiO2可以减弱P物种和Al2O3之间的相互作用,有利于Ni2P活性相的生成和催化活性的提高。当Ti/Al的原子比为1∶8时,Ni2P/TiO2-Al2O3催化剂比Ni2P/TiO2、Ni2P/Al2O3催化剂具有更高的加氢脱氮活性。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.