反相高效液相色谱法测定Arthrobacter sp.黄嘌呤氧化酶活性

报道了采用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定节杆菌(Arthrobacter sp.)黄嘌呤氧化酶活性的有效方法. 将酶初提液与含有黄嘌呤的反应体系在37 ℃下反应20 min, 反应终止后通过HPLC测定产物尿酸生成量的变化来分析酶的活性. 通过流动相组成、pH和柱温等分离条件的优化, 确定了最佳的色谱检测条件以NH4H2PO4 (50 mmol/L, pH 7.5)溶液为流动相, 流速1 mL/min, 柱温25 ℃, 检测波长290 nm. 为深入研究微生物细胞内黄嘌呤氧化酶提供了高效检测手段.     

天冬酰胺合成酶B抑制剂高效液相色谱筛选方法的建立与应用

建立了一种快速、高效测定天冬酰胺合成酶B(AS-B)酶活性的反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)。酶反应体系中的氨基酸经2,4-二硝基氟苯(DNFB)柱前衍生,通过RP-HPLC测定酶反应体系前后底物及产物的变化来分析酶的活性。采用的色谱柱为Agilent C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),以50 mmol/L醋酸钠缓冲液(pH 6.2)-乙腈(体积比为15:85)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为30 ℃,检测波长365 nm,于6 min内实现了各组分的基线分离。通过该方法测定反应动力学参数进行AS-B的抑制定量分析。将已知AS-B抑制剂L-谷氨酸-γ-甲酯作用于酶反应体系,测得的抑制剂的抑制常数与文献值相接近,证明该方法可用于AS-B抑制剂的筛选。     

高效液相色谱法测定乙醛溶液中的乙二醛和乙醛酸

利用醛基与2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)反应得到的腙产物对紫外-可见光有吸收的特性,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定乙醛溶液中乙二醛和乙醛酸的含量。结果表明,DNPH衍生乙二醛成腙反应的适宜条件为: 反应温度70 ℃, pH 1.75, DNPH与羰基的物质的量比为6,反应时间150 min。在20 ℃、pH 1.75的乙腈溶液中,乙二醛二腙的溶解度为20.2 mg/L。乙二醛质量浓度在2～20 mg/L范围内,乙二醛二腙的峰面积与乙二醛的质量浓度之间呈良好的线性关系;乙醛酸质量浓度在10～100 mg/L范围内,乙醛酸腙的峰面积与乙醛酸的质量浓度之间呈良好的线性关系。用HPLC测定乙醛硝酸氧化法制乙二醛反应液中乙二醛和乙醛酸的含量,结果的重复性好;对乙二醛的测定结果与应用化学分析法测定结果的平均相对误差为1.77%;对反应液中乙二醛、乙醛酸含量的测定有着较高的加标回收率,分别为99.6%～103.3%和98.1%～102.4%。所建立的方法为醛及二羰基化合物的测定提供了准确、便捷的方法。     

高效液相色谱电生Mn(Ⅲ)化学发光法检测人体血清和尿样中的卡托普利

设计了一个HPLC在线电生Mn(Ⅲ)化学发光检测器, 实现在线电化学反应, 从而产生反应活性很高的初生态氧化剂Mn(Ⅲ), 并与色谱柱后CP混合产生化学发光. 同时还能够根据需要调节电极反应和发光反应两者的介质, 满足柱后发光反应的最佳环境. 在优化流动相和化学发光检测条件的基础上, 将该检测器应用于人体血清和尿液中CP的测定.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定五肽胃泌素及其酶促降解产物

在反相ODS柱上,用NH_4Ac-HAc缓冲溶液和甲醇作流动相进行梯度洗脱,清晰地分离了五肽胃泌素及其酶促降解产物。HPLC法分离简便,定量准确,可有效地用于研究活性多肽的酶促降解机制。通过HPLC法探讨五肽胃泌素的降解过程尚属首次。     

高效液相色谱法测定鱼腥草素对鸭肝脂肪酸合成酶活性的影响

利用高效液相色谱法对肉鸭肝脏中参与脂肪酸合成关键酶--脂肪酸合成酶的活性进行分析,并测定了鱼腥草素对鸭肝脂肪酸合成酶活性的影响.采用离心法从鸭肝中分离纯化脂肪酸合成酶,并用鱼腥草素(100 mg/L)处理脂肪酸合成酶,然后用HPLC法检测还原型NADPH在340 nm处吸收峰变化.HPLC最佳测定条件为:Hypersil C18色谱柱,流动相:0.01 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.2)-甲醇溶液(80∶ 20,V/V),柱温:25 ℃,流速:1 mL/min,检测波长:340 nm,进样量:20 μL.HPLC加样的回归方程:A=17754x+123.3, r=0 9945.实验结果表明,还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADPH)浓度在0.5 μmol/L～1.44 mmol/L内线性关系良好.HPLC法检测鸭肝脂肪酸合成酶的活性,样品用量少,准确度高.     

金催化剂上乙二醛氧气氧化合成乙醛酸的研究

利用沉积-沉淀法和溶液相还原法制备了系列金催化剂,以氧气氧化乙二醛合成乙醛酸为探针反应,进行了反应条件的优化,并通过对催化剂进行XRD、AAS、UV-Vis和XPS表征,分析了影响催化剂活性的因素.结果显示:与沉积-沉淀法相比,采用溶液相还原法制备的催化剂Au/ZrO2(L),金的实际负载量较高,表现出较高的催化活性,当溶液pH为7.7,反应温度为323 K时,乙醛酸收率达到6.2%.     

水杨酸功能化聚苯乙烯的制备及其与铕(Ⅲ)离子配合物荧光特性研究

以氯甲基聚苯乙烯(CMPS)为出发物质,通过两步改性反应,相转移催化的酯化反应(乙醛酸钠为反应试剂)与均相的Schiff碱反应,制备了侧链键合水杨酸(ASA)配基的聚苯乙烯ASAPS,并使之与Eu(Ⅲ)离子配位螯合,制备了高分子-稀土配合物ASAPS-Eu(Ⅲ).重点研究了相转移催化的酯化反应,也初步考察了配合物ASAPS-Eu(Ⅲ)的发光性能.研究结果表明,在季铵盐相转移催化剂作用下,溶解于有机溶剂中的CMPS可有效地与水相中的乙醛酸钠发生酯化反应,形成醛基(AL)化改性的聚苯乙烯ALPS.相转移催化剂的结构与溶剂的极性对相转移催化反应有显著的影响;配合物ASAPS-Eu(Ⅲ)具有Eu(Ⅲ)的特征荧光发射,并产生显著的Antenna效应.     

反相高效液相色谱测定在乙醇酸和草酸存在下的乙醛酸含量

采用反相高效液相色谱分离测定了乙醇酸和草酸共存下乙醛酸的含量。色谱柱为Hy-persil ODS-C18柱(4.6 mm×100 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水,检测波长为210 nm。探讨了流动相的pH及其配比对分离度和灵敏度的影响。以峰面积对乙醛酸浓度(g.L-1)作图所得校正曲线的线性回归方程为Y=1.934×103X+0.067×103(r=0.999 9),方法的检出限(2S/N)为5×10-7g.L-1。方法的测定回收率为98.1%~100.4%,相对标准偏差为0.4%。     

高效液相色谱法测定唾液乳杆菌脱基因毒性作用

采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定唾液乳杆菌对4-硝基喹啉-N-氧化物(4-NQO)基因毒性的抑制作用。Lact.salivariusFDB89与4-NQO(终浓度为20mg/L)共培养后,利用SOS-显色反应法检测唾液乳杆菌的脱基因毒性作用,同时采用高效液相色谱分析共培养前后的4-NQO含量变化。色谱分析条件为:C18反相色谱柱(kromasil100-5C18),以乙腈、水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速1mL/min;检测波长365nm。结果表明,唾液乳杆菌转化4-NQO,降低了4-NQO的基因毒性;HPLC测定的4-NQO峰面积与SOS-显色反应测定的基因毒性值呈正相关,相关系数r2为0.991。HPLC方法测定脱基因毒性检出限为1.2ng,菌体浓度在106~109cfu/mL范围内回收率为85%~98%。HPLC法测定唾液乳杆菌的脱基因毒性操作简单,其重复性和精确度均优于SOS-显色反应,可以采用HPLC代替SOS-显色反应。本研究在应用仪器分析方法代替生化分析方法测定乳杆菌脱基因毒性方面提供了一条新思路。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.