On Certain Distributive Lattices of Subgroups of Finite Soluble Groups

In this paper, we prove the following result. Let ξ be a saturated formation and ∑ a Hall system of a soluble group G. Let X be a w-solid set of maximal subgroups of G such that ∑ reduces into each element of X. Consider in G the following three subgroups： the ξ-normalizer D of G associated with ∑; the X-prefrattini subgroup W = W（G, X） of G; and a hypercentrally embedded subgroup T of G. Then the lattice ζ（T, W, D） generated by T, D and W is a distributive lattice of pairwise permutable subgroups of G with the cover and avoidance property. This result remains true for the lattice ,ζ（V, W, D）, where V is a subgroup of G whose Sylow subgroups are also Sylow subgroups of hypercentrally embedded subgroups of G such that ∑ reduces into V.     

Mi群的一个充分条件

In this note, we give a sufficient condition for Mi-group. In particular, we show that if a finite group G is the semidirect product of two subgroups with coprime orders, in which one is a Sylow tower group and its Sylow subgroups are all abelian, and the other is an Mi-group and all of its proper subgroups are also Mi-groups, then G is an Mi-group.     

A Sufficient Condition for Mi-groups

In this note, we give a sufficient condition for Mi-group. In particular, we show that if a finite group G is the semidirect product of two subgroups with coprime orders, in which one is a Sylow tower group and its Sylow subgroups are all abelian, and the other is an Mi-group and all of its proper subgroups are also Mi-groups, then G is an Mi-group.     

Local embeddings of some families of subgroups of finite groups

In this paper we study the influence of the partial cover and avoidance property on the subgroups of some relevant families of subgroups in a finite group.     

The Subgroups of Finite Metacyclic Groups

In this paper, the author characterizes the subgroups of a finite metacyclic group K by building a one to one correspondence between certain 3-tuples(k, l, β) ∈ N~3 and all the subgroups of K. The results are applied to compute some subgroups of K as well as to study the structure and the number of p-subgroups of K, where p is a fixed prime number. In addition, the author gets a factorization of K, and then studies the metacyclic p-groups, gives a different classification, and describes the characteristic subgroups of a given metacyclic p-group when p ≥ 3. A "reciprocity" relation on enumeration of subgroups of a metacyclic group is also given.     

Congruence subgroups of Hecke groups

Hecke groups are an important tool in subgroups of Hecke groups play an important rule investigating functional equations, and congruence in research of the solutions of the Dirichlet series. When q, m are two primes, congruence subgroups and the principal congruence subgroups of level m of the Hecke group H（√q） have been investigated in many papers. In this paper, we generalize these results to the case where q is a positive integer with q ≥ 5, √q ￠ Z and m is a power of an odd prime.     

二次极大子群皆是$PSC^{*}$-群的有限群

This paper discusses the influence of minimal subgroups on the structure of finite groups and gives the structures of finite groups all of whose second maximal subgroups are PSC^＊-groups.     

利用GAP研究一般线性群的抛物子群

A typical example for the algebraic groups is the general linear groups G = GL(n,F), we have studied the structure of such groups and paid special attention to its important substructures, namely the Parabolic subgroups.For a given G we computed all the Parabolic subgroups and determined their number, depending on the fact that any finite group has a composition series and the composition factors of a composition series are simple groups which are completely classified, we report here some investigations on the computed Parabolic subgroups. This has been done with the utility of GAP.     

COMPLETENESS OF THE PARABOLIC SUBGROUPS OF PROJECTIVE ORTHOGONAL GROUPS

All parabolic subgroups and Borel subgroups of PΩ(2m 1, F) over a linear-able field F of characteristic 0 are shown to be complete groups, provided m > 3.     

ON THE BOREL SUBGROUPS OF LARGE TYPE

The author defines the large type Borel subgroups of a reductive algebraic group, which are used to discuss Langlands' L-groups and the Langlands classification of the admissible representations of reductive algebraic groups over R (see [1, 2, 5])and determine all of the Borel subgroups of large type for the classical semisimple Lie groups.     

Nonlinear and Geometric Programming – Current Status

Great strides have been made in nonlinear programming (NLP) in the last 5 years. In smooth NLP, there are now several reliable and efficient codes capable of solving large problems. Most of these implement GRG or SQP methods, and new software using interior point algorithms is under development. NLP software is now much easier to use, as it is interfaced with many modeling systems, including MSC/NASTRAN, and ANSYS for structural problems, GAMS and AMPL for general optimization, Matlab and Mathcad for general mathematical problems, and the widely used Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. For mixed integer problems, branch and bound and outer approximation codes are now available and are coupled to some of the above modeling systems, while search methods like Tabu Search and Genetic algorithms permit combinatorial, nonsmooth, and nonconvex problems to be attacked.     

基于模糊FNN-ELECTRE法的国有商业银行竞争力评价

随着金融业全方位开放,国有商业银行已成为国家经济命脉的核心,其竞争力强弱关系着国家经济的繁荣与衰退。本文基于模糊FNN-ELECTRE方法建立国有商业银行竞争力评价模型,以因素神经网络理论(FNN)与ELECTRE融合方法为基础,以现有商业银行竞争力评价指标为着眼,把国有商业银行竞争力的评价体系从现实竞争力和潜在竞争力两个因素抽取为一级指标,以规模、质量、业务结构、效率、成长性五个因素设为二级指标。从实证的角度对银行A、银行B、银行C、银行D、银行E五大国有银行进行分析验证,对其属性值进行和谐性与非和谐性检验得出,银行B竞争能力最强,银行E竞争能力最弱,五大国有银行均有改进空间。     

并行分批排序综述

并行分批排序起源于半导体芯片制造过程。在并行分批排序中,工件可成批加工,批加工机器最多可同时加工B个工件,批的加工时间为批中所有工件的最大工时。首先根据传统的机器环境和目标函数对并行分批排序已有成果进行分类介绍,主要为单机和平行机的机器环境,以及极小化最大完工时间、极小化总完工时间、极小化最大延迟、极小化误工工件数、极小化总延误和极小化最大延误的目标函数;然后梳理了由基本问题所衍生出来的具有新特点的16类新型并行分批排序,包括差异尺寸工件、多目标、工件加工时间或顺序存在限制、考虑费用和具有特殊机制等情况;最后展望未来的研究方向。     

Splitting up value: A critical review of residual income theories

This paper deals with the notion of residual income, which may be defined as the surplus profit that residues after a capital charge (opportunity cost) has been covered. While the origins of the notion trace back to the 19th century, in-depth theoretical investigations and widespread real-life applications are relatively recent and concern an interdisciplinary field connecting management accounting, corporate finance and financial mathematics (Peasnell, 1981, 1982; Peccati, 1987, 1989, 1991; Stewart, 1991; Ohlson, 1995; Arnold and Davies, 2000; Young and O’Byrne, 2001; Martin, Petty and Rich, 2003). This paper presents both a historical outline of its birth and development and an overview of the main recent contributions regarding capital budgeting decisions, production and sales decisions, implementation of optimal portfolios, forecasts of asset prices and calculation of intrinsic values. A most recent theory, the systemic-value-added approach (also named lost-capital paradigm), provides a different definition of residual income, consistent with arbitrage theory. Enfolded in Keynes’s (1936) notion of user cost and forerun by Pressacco and Stucchi (1997), the theory has been formally introduced in Magni (2000a,b,c; 2001a,b; 2003), where its properties are thoroughly investigated as well as its relations with the standard theory; two different lost-capital metrics have been considered, for value-based management purposes, by Drukarczyk and Schueler (2000) and Young and O’Byrne (2001). This work illustrates the main properties of the two theories and their relations, and provides a minimal guide to construction of performance metrics in the two approaches.     

复杂装备研制协调超网络均衡与实现路径

复杂装备研制主体间呈现社会关系、合作关系、协调关系等网络关系,并且相互影响相互作用,其影响复杂装备研制的重要参数。为有效描述在资源环境约束下制造商和供应商的关系,探讨复杂装备研制协调机理与实现路径,本文利用超网络方法,设计了相互影响、相互作用的社会关系网络、协调网络和合作网络的复杂装备研制协调超网络,并将社会关系水平、协调度和合作水平作为超网络的3个决策变量,建立基于关系价值最大、协调成本最低、协调风险最小、合作收益最大、合作风险最小和成本最小等不同偏好下的多目标最优决策模型,构建了复杂装备研制超网络均衡模型,并利用其探讨超网络均衡和实现路径。     

PROMETHEE: A comprehensive literature review on methodologies and applications

In recent decades, several Multi-Criteria Decision Aid (MCDA) methods have been proposed to help in selecting the best compromise alternatives. In the meantime, the PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations) family of outranking methods and their applications has attracted much attention from academics and practitioners. In this paper, a classification scheme and a comprehensive literature review are presented in order to uncover, classify, and interpret the current research on PROMETHEE methodologies and applications. Based on the scheme, 217 scholarly papers from 100 journals are categorized into application areas and non-application papers. The application areas include the papers on the topics of Environment Management, Hydrology and Water Management, Business and Financial Management, Chemistry, Logistics and Transportation, Manufacturing and Assembly, Energy Management, Social, and Other Topics. The last area covers the papers published in several fields: Medicine, Agriculture, Education, Design, Government and Sports. The scholarly papers are also classified by (1) year of publication, (2) journal of publication, (3) authors’ nationality, (4) PROMETHEE as applied with other MCDA methods, and (5) PROMETHEE as applied with GAIA (Geometrical Analysis for Interactive Aid) plane. It is hoped that the paper can meet the needs of researchers and practitioners for easy references of PROMETHEE methodologies and applications, and hence promote the future of PROMETHEE research.     

共生视角下我国区域创新生态系统发展观测——基于TOPSIS生态位评估投影模型的时空特征分析

为明确我国区域创新生态系统发展现状,以共生为视角,基于共生单元、共生基质、共生平台、共生网络、共生环境五大生态特征建立区域创新生态系统综合评价指标体系,以2007~2015年我国30个省市相关数据为样本,运用TOPSIS生态位评估投影集成模型及二次加权算法,对我国区域创新生态系统整体及各生态特征的发展状况进行静态和动态综合评价,并分析其时空特征、地区差异及关键因素变迁。结果表明:(1)我国区域创新生态系统发展整体呈趋好态势,东部地区发展趋缓且存在极化现象,中西部地区普遍抬升,地区间发展水平差距较大但随时间推移呈缩小趋势;(2)创新生态系统各生态特征均表现出“东高西低”的地区间非均衡现象,但其时空特征具有显著异质性;(3)区域创新生态系统长远发展的助力优先来自于共生平台和共生网络,而共生单元、共生基质和共生环境的重要性程度呈相对弱化态势。     

城市老旧居住小区交通环境评价指标与评价方法

定量的评判城市老旧居住小区整体交通环境质量并进而科学有效的提出老旧小区交通环境更新与改善措施,对城市老旧居住小区交通环境进行了调查,明确了老旧居住小区存在的突出交通问题,并提出了城市老旧居住小区交通环境评价的指标体系,包括行人跨路出行指数、无人行道路段长度占比、停车泊位供需比、路内非法停车占比、平均停车步行距离、泊位数量户数比、人均步行空间、无障碍通道、盲道设置比例、非机动车泊位供需比、地面停放车辆数小区面积比、外部穿行交通周转量小区面积比等。并给出了具体指标的计算方法与获得办法。以长沙市四个典型老旧居住小区为例,对评价方法进行了论证,并得到城市老旧居住小区存在的一般问题,包括人车混杂、人车交织现象严重,停车泊位短缺、车辆乱停乱放,交通设施、特别是弱势群体交通设施缺乏。给出的评价指标、评价方法与结论可为城市老旧小区改造更新,特别是其中很重要的交通环境更新提供决策依据。