具有N-peakon的新可积模型与孤子方程的代数几何解

在孤立子理论中, 寻找新的可积系统是最基础而重要的内容之一. 而如何有效的求得一类孤子方程的精确解, 并研究该精确解的性质, 一直是一个基本而又富有挑战性的课题. 本文便是从这两个方面展开, 一方面构造了两个具有N-peakon 的新可积系统, 为目前并不丰富的具有尖孤子解的可积非线性家族提供了极为重要的可积动力模型; 另一方面, 基于超椭圆代数曲线理论, 本文对Lax 对的有限展开法进行了改进, 并将其拓广到求解相联系的孤子方程可积形变后的代数几何解, 给出了著名的KdV(Korteweg de Vries) 6 方程的解. 进一步, 通过研究与孤子方程族相应的亚纯函数、Baker-Akhiezer 函数和超椭圆曲线的渐近性质和代数几何特征, 本文摆脱了现有代数几何方法中使用Riemann 定理的限制, 构造了mKdV (modified Korteweg de Vries) 型方程和混合AKNS (Ablowitz Kaup Newell Segur)方程等孤子方程的代数几何解. 为构造高阶矩阵谱问题所对应的孤子方程族的代数几何解提供了有力的工具.     

两类整环上的上三角矩阵群(Ⅰ)

本文从两类整环上的二阶上三角矩阵入手,构造了两个3元生成的亚Abel群,给出了它们的清晰结构,研究了它们的剩余有限性质:一,证明了其中一个无限秩的亚Abel群是剩余有限p-群,这里p是任意素数.二,证明了另一个有限秩的亚Abel群没有这种整齐的剩余有限性质,尽管其结构要简单得多.本文的结果表明,无限可解群里秩的有限性条件对群的剩余有限性具有很大的影响.如何把本文的研究推广到高阶矩阵群,是值得进一步探索的问题.     

分式线性函数的亚纯迭代根

迭代根问题是嵌入流的一个弱问题.关于单调函数的迭代根已有较多结论.但是对非单调函数迭代根的研究却很困难的.分式线性函数是一类实数域上的非单调函数．本文对复平面上分式线性函数的迭代根进行了研究.将分式线性函数的迭代函数方程与一个商空间上的矩阵方程对应,并运用一个求解矩阵根的方法,得到其所有亚纯迭代根的一般公式.并且确定了不同情形下分式线性函数迭代根的准确数目. 作为应用,分别给出了函数$z$和函数$1/z$全部亚纯迭代根.     

高阶代数微分方程的单值亚纯解和有限多分支解

本文应用Nevanlinna值分布理论,讨论了次之一般高阶代数微分方程在复域中大范围单值亚纯解和有限多分支解的存在性定理,其中{a_(i)(Z)},{a_i(Z)}和{b_i(Z)}为亚纯函数,获得精确形式的Malmquist型定理,并且给出微分方程及其解的例说明定理中的界能被达到.最后得到一类代数微分方程代数体函数解的增长性估计。     

混合函数曲线的一个凸性性质

本文讨论了混合事基函数和具有凸性性质的混合曲线的方法 ,给出了相应基函数应该满足的条件 .并具体分析了一类三角多项式曲线具有的凸性性质 ,讨论了这样的二次多项式曲线与相尖的 Bézier曲线的关系 .     

强非线性广义 Boussinesq 方程孤波解的波形分析及求解

上海理工大学理学院\quad 上海 200093该文建立了强非线性广义 Boussinesq 方程的耗散项、波速、渐进值与波形函数的导数之间的关系.利用适当变换和待定假设方法,作者求出了上述广义 Boussinesq 方程的扭状或钟状孤波解,还求出了以前文献中未曾提到过的余弦函数的周期波解.进一步给出了波速对波形影响的结论,即:``好'广义 Boussinesq 方程的行波当波速由小变大时,波形由钟状孤波变成余弦函数周期波解;``坏'广义 Boussinesq 方程的行波当波速由小变大时,波形由余弦函数周期波解变成钟状孤波.     

关于Nevanlinna四值定理的改进

在本文中,我们证明了如果两个亚纯函数分担两个值CM,并且在E_k))(β,f)=E_k))(β,g)(k≥5),意义下分担另外两个值,则这两个亚纯函数一个是另一个的分式线性变换。     

关于Fermat型微分差分方程的亚纯解

本文研究了Fermat型微分及微分-差分方程亚纯解的存在性问题,证明了如果m,n为正整数,则不存在非常数亚纯函数f(z)满足微分方程f′(z)~m+f(z)~n=1,但m=2,n=3或4和m=1,n=2除外.文中给出例子表明例外情况的方程亚纯解的存在性,并讨论该微分方程整函数解.同时,探讨了复微分-差分方程f′(z)~m+f(z+c)~n=1非常数亚纯解的存在性.     

亚纯函数的唯一性和Gross的一个问题

研究了亚纯函数的唯一性问题,证明了:存在两个有限集合S₁和S₂,使得对任何两个非常数亚纯函数f与g,只要满足E_f(S_j)=E_g(S_j)(j=1,2),必有f=g,从而解决了Gross的一个关于整函数唯一性的著名问题。     

几个非线性演化方程的解析解

本文我们求出了K—P方程u_xt+6(uu_x)_x+u_xxxx+3k²u_yy=0和Boussinesq方程u_tt-u_xt-6(u²)_xx+u_xxxx=0的孤立波解族.求出了广义Schr?dinger方程iu_t+u_xx-u相似文献   

Finite-Band Solutions for the Hierarchy of Coupled Toda Lattices

Based on the characteristic polynomial of Lax matrix for the hierarchy of coupled Toda lattices associated with a \(3\times3\) discrete matrix spectral problem, we introduce a trigonal curve with two infinite points, from which we establish the associated Dubrovin-type equations. The asymptotic properties of the meromorphic function and the Baker-Akhiezer function are studied near two infinite points on the trigonal curve. Finite-band solutions of the entire hierarchy of coupled Toda lattices are obtained in terms of the Riemann theta function.     

The application of trigonal curve to the Mikhailov–Shabat–Sokolov flows

Resorting to the characteristic polynomial of Lax matrix for the Mikhailov–Shabat–Sokolov hierarchy associated with a \({3 \times 3}\) matrix spectral problem, we introduce a trigonal curve, from which we deduce the associated Baker–Akhiezer function, meromorphic functions and Dubrovin-type equations. The straightening out of the Mikhailov–Shabat–Sokolov flows is exactly given through the Abel map. On the basis of these results and the theory of trigonal curve, we obtain the explicit theta function representations of the Baker–Akhiezer function, the meromorphic functions, and in particular, that of solutions for the entire Mikhailov–Shabat–Sokolov hierarchy.     

Generalized Cauchy Matrix Approach for Lattice Boussinesq-Type Equations

The authors generalize the Cauchy matrix approach to get exact solutions to the lattice Boussinesq-type equations:lattice Boussinesq equation,lattice modified Boussinesq equation and lattice Schwarzian...     

Quasi-periodic Solutions of the Kaup–Kupershmidt Hierarchy

Based on solving the Lenard recursion equations and the zero-curvature equation, we derive the Kaup–Kupershmidt hierarchy associated with a 3×3 matrix spectral problem. Resorting to the characteristic polynomial of the Lax matrix for the Kaup–Kupershmidt hierarchy, we introduce a trigonal curve $\mathcal {K}_{m-1}$ and present the corresponding Baker–Akhiezer function and meromorphic function on it. The Abel map is introduced to straighten out the Kaup–Kupershmidt flows. With the aid of the properties of the Baker–Akhiezer function and the meromorphic function and their asymptotic expansions, we arrive at their explicit Riemann theta function representations. The Riemann–Jacobi inversion problem is achieved by comparing the asymptotic expansion of the Baker–Akhiezer function and its Riemann theta function representation, from which quasi-periodic solutions of the entire Kaup–Kupershmidt hierarchy are obtained in terms of the Riemann theta functions.     

All meromorphic solutions of an ordinary differential equation and its applications

Dedicated to Professor Yuzan He on the Occasion of his 80th Birthday In this paper, we employ the complex method to obtain all meromorphic solutions of an auxiliary ordinary differential equation at first and then find out all meromorphic exact solutions of the combined KdV–mKdV equation and variant Boussinesq equations. Our result shows that all rational and simply periodic exact solutions of the combined KdV–mKdV equation and variant Boussinesq equations are solitary wave solutions, the method is more simple than other methods, and there exist some rational solutions w_r,2(z) and simply periodic solutions w_s,2(z) that are not only new but also not degenerated successively by the elliptic function solutions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Monodromization and Difference Equations with Meromorphic Periodic Coefficients

We consider a system of two first-order difference equations in the complex plane. We assume that the matrix of the system is a 1-periodic meromorphic function having two simple poles per period and bounded as Im z → ±∞. We prove the existence and uniqueness of minimal meromorphic solutions, i.e., solutions having simultaneously a minimal set of poles and minimal possible growth as Im z → ±∞. We consider the monodromy matrix representing the shift-byperiod operator in the space of meromorphic solutions and corresponding to a basis built of two minimal solutions. We check that it has the same functional structure as the matrix of the initial system of equations and, in particular, is a meromorphic periodic function with two simple poles per period. This implies that the initial equation is invariant with respect to the monodromization procedure, that is, a natural renormalization procedure arising when trying to extend the Floquet–Bloch theory to difference equations defined on the real line or complex plane and having periodic coefficients. Our initial system itself arises after one renormalization of a self-adjoint difference Schrödinger equation with 1-periodic meromorphic potential bounded at ±i∞ and having two poles per period.     

Meromorphic solutions of an auxiliary ordinary differential equation using complex method

In this paper, we employ the complex method to obtain first all meromorphic solutions of an auxiliary ordinary differential equation and then find all meromorphic exact solutions of the classical Korteweg–de Vries equation, Boussinesq equation, ( 3 + 1)‐dimensional Jimbo–Miwa equation, and Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equation. Our results show that the method is more simple than other methods. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On Meromorphic Solutions of Nonlinear Complex Differential Equations

Applying the Nevanlinna theory of meromorphic function,we investigate the non-admissible meromorphic solutions of nonlinear complex algebraic differential equation and gain a general result.Meanwhile,we prove that the meromorphic solutions of some types of the systems of nonlinear complex differential equations are non-admissible.Moreover,the form of the systems of equations with admissible solutions is discussed.     

Non-integrable variants of Boussinesq equation with two solitons

Three variants of the Boussinesq equation, namely, the (2 + 1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation, the (3 + 1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation, and the sixth-order Boussinesq equation are studied. The Hirota bilinear method is used to construct two soliton solutions for each equation. The study highlights the fact that these equations are non-integrable and do not admit N-soliton solutions although these equations can be put in bilinear forms.     

PROPERTIES ON MEROMORPHIC SOLUTIONS OF COMPOSITE FUNCTIONAL-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

With the aid of Nevanlinna value distribution theory, differential equation theory and difference equation theory, we estimate the non-integrated counting function of meromorphic solutions on composite functional-differential equations under proper conditions.We also get the form of meromorphic solutions on a type of system of composite functional equations.Examples are constructed to show that our results are accurate.