Sr_2Si_5N_8∶Eu~(2+)与纤维素复合农用转光材料制备与表征——化学相关专业研究性综合实验设计

结合新型生态农业应用功能材料和光学农业背景下化学相关专业的特点,开设"氮化物荧光粉Sr2Si5N8∶Eu2+与纤维素复合农用转光材料制备与表征"研究性综合实验项目,通过实验原理阐述、研究思路和方法的确立、材料制备、测试表征、数据处理等环节,使学生充分掌握专业中与化学相关的多门课程内涉及的光学材料发光过程、纤维素溶解、复合材料制备、光谱表征及分析、力学性能分析等关键知识点。实践表明,该实验项目选题针对性强,有助于提高学生的综合实验技能,有利于培养学生的基本科研素养,从而达到提高教育和教学质量的目的。     

氮化物荧光粉Sr2Si5N8:Eu2 与纤维素复合农用转光材料制备与表征——化学相关专业研究性综合实验设计

结合新型生态农业应用功能材料和光学农业背景下化学相关专业的特点,开设“氮化物荧光粉Sr2Si5N8:Eu2 与纤维素复合农用转光材料制备与表征”研究性综合实验项目,通过实验原理阐述、研究思路和方法的确立、材料制备、测试表征、数据处理等环节,使学生充分掌握专业中与化学相关的多门课程内涉及的光学材料发光过程、纤维素溶解、复合材料制备、光谱表征及分析、力学性能分析等关键知识点。实践表明,该实验项目选题针对性强,有助于提高学生的综合实验技能,有利于培养学生的基本科研素养,从而达到了提高教育和教学质量的目的。     

硫掺杂碳纳米球的制备、表征及其储氢性能——化学材料相关专业综合设计性实验教学的探索与实践

综合设计性实验是培养大学生综合素质和创新能力最重要的途径之一。根据化学与材料相关专业的特点,开设"硫掺杂碳纳米球的制备、表征及其储氢性能"综合设计性实验项目,通过文献调研、原理阐述、方案制定、材料制备、结构表征、性能测试、数据处理与分析等实验环节,使学生充分掌握与化学和材料相关的多门课程内涉及的纳米材料制备、结构表征、性能分析等关键知识点,培养学生的综合能力和创新能力。实践表明,通过综合设计性实验的实践,学生的实践能力、创新能力、基本科学素养和综合素质得到明显提高。     

功能高分子材料综合实验设计:荧光稀土液晶高分子防伪膜的制备

设计了一个综合性实验,将荧光稀土液晶高分子防伪膜的制备和现代分析测试技术应用于高分子专业的教学实验中,以提高学生的综合实践能力。实验包括荧光稀土液晶高分子的制备、表征、防伪性能评价3大部分。采用FTIR、荧光光谱仪、POM、XRD、TG表征荧光稀土液晶高分子的结构与性能;制备荧光稀土液晶高分子防伪膜对其防伪性能进行评价,给整个实验增添趣味性与实用性。通过开设该实验,可让学生了解功能高分子的前沿知识及现代分析测试技术的基本原理和用途,掌握专业的实验操作与数据处理方法,提高学生的综合实践能力和专业素质。学生实验证明该综合实验适用于本科实验教学。     

柠檬酸丁酯酯化精馏实验设计及教学探索

通过引入柠檬酸丁酯酯化精馏实验,将高分子材料制备、催化剂制备、材料表征与正交实验引入到课堂。通过本实验可以：(1)熟悉和了解高分子聚合实验,拓宽知识面,将地方产业特色融入到课堂中;(2)了解催化剂的制备方法,同时对高分子材料和催化剂进行表征,掌握仪器分析在催化剂制备中的应用,增强综合实验能力;(3)利用正交实验探索酯化精馏实验最佳的实验条件;(4)以柠檬酸丁酯酯化反应替代乙酸乙酯酯化反应,实现实验内容的更新。本实验将化学工程实验与地方产业需求和研究生阶段的科研能力培养进行有效衔接。通过本实验学生可以将书本知识应用到实际中,增加获得感,提高创新能力与综合素质。     

可见光催化剂Ag/Ag_2O制备及其对染料脱色降解

介绍了一个简单易行的综合化学实验——Ag/Ag_2O可见光催化剂的制备及其对染料的脱色降解,以及其教学设计思路。通过液相沉淀法制备Ag_2O,光还原沉积银制备Ag/Ag_2O,借助场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)对催化剂进行表征,并以甲基橙降解为模型反应研究其可见光催化降解性能。结果显示,Ag/Ag_2O具有优异的可见光光催化性能。该综合实验运用了大学化学基本知识及学生在基础化学实验阶段学习的材料合成、仪器分析等基本技能,将前沿学术发展、最新研究成果和实践技能融入实验教学,使学生了解化学与材料、环境等学科交叉融合的同时,学生的综合能力得到训练,有助于培养学生的创新思维和分析问题、解决问题的能力。     

K_6[P_2W_(18)O_(62)]·14H_2O制备及性质表征实验教学研究

Dawson结构多酸化合物K_6[P_2W_(18)O_(62)]·14H_2O的制备及性质表征实验,通过水溶液回流方法制备,利用红外光谱、热重分析和电化学方法表征其性质。该实验中采用了经典的多酸化合物制备方法,不但产物具有良好的电致变色性质,而且将多酸化学研究的方法和思路,化合物制备、测试、数据分析等训练融入到"多酸化学"实验课的教学中,加深了学生对多酸化学相关知识点的理解,探索提升无机化学研究生科研素质的实验教学。     

γ-MnO2-TiO2/凹凸棒土制备及应用的实验设计

结合前期的科研成果,设计了一个以γ-MnO2-TiO2/凹凸棒土的制备、表征及低温脱硝性能研究为主线的研究型实验,引导学生查阅文献,综合考虑各因素对实验结果的影响,设计并优化实验方案,以期培养学生的综合实践能力以及创新思维。     

2种不同体系下镁碱沸石的水热合成及表征

介绍了研究型综合性实验--2种不同体系下镁碱沸石的水热合成及表征。该实验以传统水热晶化方法为基础,通过使用乙二胺和吡咯烷2种有机胺,在2种合成体系下分别制备了镁碱沸石FER,采用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)及固体核磁(MAS NMR)对产物的结构进行表征,产物的晶体形貌由扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行表征,并使用氮气吸附/脱附测试对产物的性质进行表征。本文从实验教学的角度出发,整个实验步骤安排合理,内容丰富,可操作性强,充分体现了"制备合成-表征分析"的综合性科研思维模式,在让学生熟悉无机化学与材料化学科研中所使用的合成方法与表征手段的同时,也有助于学生了解科学研究工作的基本过程。     

矿物基环境修复材料制备及应用的综合性实验设计

为促进“研学结合”,增强学生实际操作能力,依托于化学实验平台设计了“矿物基环境修复材料制备及应用”的化学综合实验。实验内容包括改性沸石材料的制备、表征和应用探索。实验由教师科研成果转化而成,已在本校环境化学综合实验课中进行教学实践,该实验可以使学生掌握文献调研、材料制备与表征、性能分析、数据处理等重要技能,锻炼学生综合实验设计和思维创新的能力,激发了学生探索环境修复材料前沿知识的兴趣。     

Calorimetric Studies on Enthalpy Relaxation in Maltitol Glass Transition Based on Phenomenological Models

To investigate the enthalpy relaxation behavior of maltitol glass system, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to obtain the specific heat capacity[C_p(T)] near the glass transition temperature(T_g) at different coo- ling rates ranged between 1 and 20 K/min. Three phenomenological models of enthalpy relaxation, Tool-Narayanaswamy-Moynihan(TNM) model, Adam-Gibbs-Vogel(AGV) model and Gómez Ribelles(GR) model, were used to simulate the experimental data. The models’ parameters were obtained via a curve-fitting method. The results indicate that TNM and AGV models gave the almost identical prediction powers and can reproduce the curves of experimental C_p(T) very well. However, the prediction power of GR model evolved from configurational entropyapproach is not so good as those of TNM and AGV models. In particular, the metastable limit state parameter(δ) introduced by Gómez Ribelles has insignificant effect on the enthalpy relaxation of the small molecular hydrogen-bonding glass system.     

2D Diffusion of Macromolecules Adsorbed on Glass Microspheres

Summary: It has been demonstrated that diffusion of polycation adsorbed on glass microspheres occurs without desorption of the macromolecules into the solution and, therefore, can be characterizerd as 2D-diffusion. The diffusion coefficint is estimated to be 1.4 × 10⁻¹² cm²/s.     

ChemInform Abstract: Glass Formation in the System BaS-Ga2S3-GeS2 and the Structure of Ba2. 7Ga5.4Ge3.6S18.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.     

Formation of Rod-Like CuInS2 Nanocrystals on the Glass Substrate

Rod-like CuInS₂ nanocrystals on the glass substrate were prepared by annealing the coat of CuInS₂ nanoparticles. The products were characterized by means of energy dispersive analysis of x-ray (EDAX), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of XRD and EDAX show that the rod-like CuInS₂ nanocrystals obtained are of a chalcopyrite structure and are nearly stoichiometric. The aggregation mechanism of “oriented attachment” of nanocrystals is believed to be operative and compatible in this study.     

负载型TiO2／玻璃弹簧的光催化杀菌作用

 研究了自主开发的负载型TiO2／玻璃弹簧光催化剂对大肠杆菌的光催化杀菌作用．结果表明，光催化杀菌效果明显好于单独紫外光的杀菌效果．光催化杀菌过程存在一个诱导期．用扫描电镜和透射电镜观察经不同时间杀菌处理的菌液，结果显示光催化作用于细菌的细胞壁和细胞膜，使其破裂并导致细胞死亡．探讨了光催化剂的制备条件（如浸涂浆料浓度、浸涂次数、热处理条件等）对光催化杀菌效率的影响．     

High Photocatalytic Activity of F-Doped TiO2 Film on Glass

The photoreactivity of sol-gel (SG)-TiO₂ films was enhanced significantly with addition of a small amount of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) into the starting solution. The promoting effect was confirmed in two separate experiments of the methylsiloxane monolayer oxidation and the photocurrent measurements. The results of film characterization indicated that the absorption coefficient for ultraviolet light ( < 360 nm) increases due to film densification and the crystallinity is improved upon F doping. The improvement in the photoreactivity was ultimately attributed to the increase in the rate at which the photogenerated charge carriers reach the surface in the photostationary state.     

Synthesis of Ag-Colloids in Sol-Gel Derived SiO2-Coatings on Glass

Ag colloid-containing coatings on soda lime glass and fused silica are prepared via the sol-gel process. To incorporate Ag⁺-ions in the coatings homogeneously, they are stabilized by a functionalised silane (aminosilane) and then mixed with the basic sol prepared from 3-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTS) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). Crack-free and transparent coatings with a thickness of 0.5 to 1.2 m, are obtained by heat treatment between 120°C and 600°C. The Ag-colloid formation was monitored by UV-VIS spectroscopy as a function of temperature. The investigations reveal that the substrate has a deciding influence on the Ag-colloid formation caused by alkali diffusion from the substrate into the coating. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) investigations prove that poly-crystalline Ag_xO_y-nanoparticles are formed during thermal densification in the coatings and that this change is accompanied by a vanishing of the yellow colour of the coatings. A post-heat treatment in a reducing atmosphere (90% N₂, 10% H₂) turns back the yellow colour and single-crystalline Ag-colloids can be detected by HRTEM. A suitable choice of the temperature and time conditions allows the control of the colloid size during heat treatment in a reducing atmosphere. For comparison, ion-exchange experiments have been carried out which showed that a spontaneous Ag-colloid formation was achieved in the soda lime substrate at 400°C. Since Ag containing SiO₂-coatings remained colourless after thermal treatment between 400°C and 600°C in air, on soda lime substrates, a remarkable diffusion of Ag⁺ into the substrate was excluded.     

溶胶-凝胶生物活性玻璃在SBF中反应的形貌特征

The sol-gel derived bioactive glass in the system CaO-P2O5 -SiO2 was prepared using sol-gel technology and the porous bioactive material as bone defects filler and bone tissue engineering scaffold was made from the solgel bioactive glass powder through sintering. The crystalline phases,microstructure and bioactiviity of the sintered porous material was investigated using XRD、SEM and FTIR techniques and in vitro method. It was indicated that a few Ca5（PO4）2SiO4 （ 5CPS）crystals had been formed in the porous material during sintering at 800℃ for 5 min. In the simulated body fluid（SBF）,as the reaction progressed,the originally formed amorphous-phosphorus compound on the surface of glass mineralized hydroxy-carbonate-apatite（HCA）nanometer cluster,and interfused mutually until the HCA covering was formed. HCA crystallites only formed on the glass-phase. No HCA crystal was formed on the surface of 5CPS.