混合基红色发光材料中Eu~(2+)的作用机制

采用高温固相法,在掺杂硫的情况下制备了不同激活剂浓度的Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+红色长余辉发光材料,用X射线粉末衍射表征样品的晶体结构,用激发光谱、发射光谱和余辉衰减曲线对样品的发光性能进行了表征。研究表明,样品主晶相为Sr3Al2O6,并有少量杂相SrS,样品的基质为混合基质。Eu2+的含量没有引起样品的晶体结构和激发峰的变化,但对样品的发射峰和余辉性能影响显著。在Sr3Al2O6和SrS两种基质并存时,Eu2+优先进入SrS基质中,随着Eu2+含量的减少,样品发射波长发生"红移"。在Eu2+含量为0.010时,样品初始亮度最高,余辉性能也最好。     

锶铝比对稀土掺杂铝酸锶物相及发光性能的影响

用拟薄水铝石溶胶凝胶法成功制备了SrAl2O4：Eu^2 ，Dy^3 长余辉发光材料，样品无需球磨。XRD结果表明：当锶铝摩尔比Sr／Al＞0．3时，发光基质主相为SrAl2O4，杂质相为Sr4Al2O7，Sr／Al比值继续降低至0．25，发光相则以Sr4Al14O25为主，此时杂质相中含有Sr4Al2O7和Dy4Al2O9。Sr4Al2O7相对SrAl2O4：Eu^3 ，Dy^3 的发光性能影响很大，而对Sr4Al14O25：Eu^2 ，Dy^3 的发光性能影响不大。Dy4Al2O9对SrAl2O4和Sr4Al14O25发光主相的发光性能影响都不大。光谱检测结果表明SrAl2O4：Eu^2 ，Dy^3 发光光谱是中心位于520nm的带状谱。余辉检测结果表明发光主相为SrAl2O4和Sr4Al14O25时，光衰曲线符合I=ct^-n规律，n值分别为n=1．081和n=1．079。     

Ca/Sr对(Sr2-xCax)MgSi2O7:Eu2+,Dy3+发光性能的影响

使用高温同相法制备了不同Ca/Sr对(Sr2-xCax)MgSi2O7:Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉材料发光材料,用X线粉末衍射表征该材料的相组成,用发射光谱、初始亮度和余辉时间对材料的发光性能进行表征,用热释光技术测定材料的陷阱深度.结果表明:Ca/Sr不仅能影响材料的发射光谱,而且还影响材料的初始亮度和余辉时间,随Ca/Sr(x值)增大,该类材料的发射光谱红移,余辉时间逐渐变短,而初始亮度值先变大后变小,陷阱深度逐渐变浅;当Ca/Sr为1时,材料的发光性能最好,这和材料具有合适深度的陷阱(0.5908 ev)有关.     

高温固相法合成长余辉发光材料Sr_(0.96)Al_2O_4:Eu_(0.02)~(2+),Dy_(0.02)~(3+)

以高温固相法合成了Sr0.96Al2O4:Eu2+0.02,Dy3+0.02长余辉发光材料,其激发光谱和发射光谱均为宽带谱,激发光谱为300～480nm,具有从紫外到蓝绿光波段能量的吸收范围.随着稀土元素Eu2+掺杂量的增加,发光强度逐渐增强,当Eu2+掺杂量达到2(mol)%时,材料的发光强度最大.辅助激活剂Dy3+的添加能显著改善材料的余辉性能.Sr0.96Al2O4:Eu2+0.02,Dy3+0.02在25W日光灯激发30min后,黑暗环境中余辉长达3h.     

水热法合成Sr4Al14O25:Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉发光材料及性能研究

采用水热法制备了均匀分散的前驱体,然后通过煅烧获得蓝绿色Sr4 Al14O25:Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉发光材料.在制备前躯体过程中,分别用NH3·H2O和NH4HCO3作为沉淀剂,研究了其对最终发光材料的结构和性能的影响.结果表明,用氨水做沉淀剂最终合成的发光粉为物相较纯的Sr4 Al14O25相,粒径小,分散性好,发光强度高,余辉衰减时间长.     

蓝色长余辉材料CaAl2O4:Eu2+,Nd3+的合成及其发光性能

采用高温固相法合成了系列单相Ca(1-x-y)Al2O4:Eu2+x,Nd3+y(0≤x≤0.045,0≤y≤0.0037)粉末样品,并表征了其发光特性.研究结果表明,样品的发射光谱为最大发射峰位于440nm的宽带谱,属于Eu2+的4f65d→4f7跃迁.通过对Eu2+,Nd3+掺杂量与样品发光性能之间关系的研究发现,Eu2+和Nd3+最佳掺杂量分别为x=0.00125和y=0.0025,并且Nd3+对改善蓝色长余辉材料CaAl4:Eu2+的余辉性能具有重要的作用.在最佳掺杂条件下,样品的余辉时间可达1000min,初始亮度大于1200mcd/m2,60min后发光粉的亮度仍然在10mcd/m2以上.利用正电子湮灭技术和热释光技术,研究了Eu2+和Nd3+对CaAl2O4:Eu2+,Nd3+材料的发光性能的影响.     

碱土金属铝酸盐系列长余辉磷光体的制备研究

研究了MAl2O4∶Eu2+(M=Ca,Sr,Ba)磷光体的制备过程,通过向磷光体中引入微量Dy3+,B3+等添加剂离子,得到了发绿色光的超长余辉磷光体,余辉发光初始亮度达4.8cd·m-2,激发停止50h后,其余辉发光仍清晰可见。制备出发紫色光、蓝色光及黄色光的碱土金属铝酸盐系列长余辉磷光体。分析了各磷光体发射光谱、激发光谱及余辉发光,讨论了磷光体的光谱移动以及Eu2+在碱土金属铝酸盐中的发光。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Sr2MgSi2O7：Eu^2＋，Dy^3＋长余辉发光材料

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了以Sr2MgSi2O7为基质，掺杂Eu^2 ，Dy^3 的长余辉发光材料，并表征其结构，激发-发射光谱和余辉衰减曲线。XRD分析表明，所合成的样品为Sr2MgSi2O7晶体结构。发光粉体的激发波长范围较宽，表明从紫外至可见光均可激发该发光材料。发射光谱主峰位于466nm。样品在自然光照射后持续发出明亮的蓝光，余辉时间持续8h以上。     

新型长余辉发光材料SrMgSi2O6:Eu2+,Ln3+的制备及性质

采用凝胶-燃烧法合成了系列稀土离子掺杂的Sr0.94MgSi2O6:Eu0.022+,Ln0.043+(Ln=La,Ce,Nd,Sm,Gd,Dy)蓝色长余辉发光材料,用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、荧光分光光度计等对合成产物进行了分析和表征.结果表明:掺杂了不同稀土离子的SrMgSi2O6:Eu2+,La3+的晶体结构均为网方品系结构;其激发、发射光谱的峰形、峰位基本无变化,激发光谱为一宽带,最大激发峰位于400 nm处,次激发峰佗于415 nm处,发射光谱也为一宽带,最大发射峰位于470 nm附近,是典型的Eu2+的4F5d_4f跃迁导致的,不同之处在于其激发光谱、发射光谱强度及余辉性质有所差别,其中Dy3+是最理想的共掺杂稀土离子,Sr0.94MgSi2O6:Eu0.022+Dy0.043+的余辉时间最长,可达4 h;而Sm3+最差,Sr0.94MgSi2O6:Eu0.022+,Sm0.043+的余辉亮度最低,余辉时间最短.     

高温固相法合成长余辉发光材料Sr0.96Al2O4:Eu2+0.02,Dy3+0.02

以高温固相法合成了Sr0.96Al2O4:Eu2+0.02,Dy3+0.02长余辉发光材料,其激发光谱和发射光谱均为宽带谱,激发光谱为300～480nm,具有从紫外到蓝绿光波段能量的吸收范围.随着稀土元素Eu2+掺杂量的增加,发光强度逐渐增强,当Eu2+掺杂量达到2(mol)%时,材料的发光强度最大.辅助激活剂Dy3+...     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of tetrabenzoporphins of the basis of isoindoline

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds -