测定高分子聚合物-金属配合物稳定常数及平均配位数的新方法

建立了基于化学平衡理论模型以及凝胶过滤色谱(GFC)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICPMS)联用技术的高分子聚合物-金属配合物稳定常数、平均配位数测定新方法。以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)和Cu2+为例,对形成的PEI-Cu配合物稳定常数、平均配位数进行测定,以0.02 mol·L-1 HAc-NaAc为流动相,凝胶色谱柱分离大分子PEI-Cu配合物以及Cu的小分子配合物、游离态离子,最后用ICPMS测定不同形态金属元素的浓度;利用建立的化学平衡理论模型,计算PEI与金属离子形成配合物的稳定常数、平均配位数,测得25℃,pH4.1~5.3时,PEI-Cu配合物稳定常数为109.6~1010.7,平均配位数为1.0~1.3。建立的在线分离、测定方法具有快速、准确的特点,为高分子聚合物-金属配合物的研究提供新的技术手段。     

磺基水杨酸金属配合物稳定常数实验值的讨论

在目前无机(普通)化学基础实验中,几乎各个学校都作了磺基水杨酸铁(或铜)配合物的组成和稳定常数的测定。有的学生和老师将稳定常数测定值与文献值相对照,发现相差好几个数量级,因此对自己的实验值产生了怀疑。不少学生和老师对磺基水杨酸金属配合物的表观稳定常数和热力学稳定     

测定高分子聚合物-金属配合物稳定常数及平均配位数的新方法

建立了基于化学平衡理论模型以及凝胶过滤色谱(GFC)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICPMS)联用技术的高分子聚合物-金属配合物稳定常数、平均配位数测定新方法。以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)和Cu²⁺为例,对形成的PEI-Cu配合物稳定常数、平均配位数进行测定,以0.02mol·L^-1HAc-NaAc为流动相,凝胶色谱柱分离大分子PEI-Cu配合物以及Cu的小分子配合物、游离态离子,最后用ICPMS测定不同形态金属元素的浓度;利用建立的化学平衡理论模型,计算PEI与金属离子形成配合物的稳定常数、平均配位数,测得25℃,pH4.1~5.3时,PEI-Cu配合物稳定常数为10^9.6~10^10.7,平均配位数为1.0~1.3。建立的在线分离、测定方法具有快速、准确的特点,为高分子聚合物-金属配合物的研究提供新的技术手段。     

光纤探头式光度滴定法测定有机试剂及其金属配合物有关的物理化学常数

光纤探头式光度滴定法测定有机试剂及其金属配合物有关的物理化学常数曹中秋，杨建男，王忠厚，马成龙（辽宁大学化学系，沈阳１１００３６）用普通光度法测定配合物组成、稳定常数、配合反应质子释放数以及有机试剂解离常数已有多种方法，但均需配制一系列溶液，试剂消耗...     

氨基乙酸金属配合物稳定常数测定实验的改进

通过改用自动电位滴定仪在氮气保护和恒温条件下准确地对氨基乙酸-硝酸铜体系进行滴定和数据拟合,正确掌握有机酸碱离解常数和金属配合物稳定常数测定的科学方法。     

橙皮苷及其4种金属配合物与牛血清白蛋白结合作用的研究

合成了4种橙皮苷的金属配合物,采用紫外-可见、荧光光谱法研究了橙皮苷4种金属配合物与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。由Stern-Volmer方程和双倒数曲线Lineweaver-Burk方程获得了反应的动态猝灭常数、静态猝灭常数,从而判断出橙皮苷-锌与BSA作用机理为静态猝灭,其它配合物与BSA的作用为动态猝灭。并用热力学方法对结合反应的作用力类型做出了推断,橙皮苷-锌与BSA之间的作用力为静电作用。并得出了橙皮苷金属配合物与血清白蛋白作用的结合常数、结合位点数。同时采用同步荧光光谱法研究了橙皮苷金属配合物对BSA构象的影响。     

水杨酸金属配合物与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

本文采用荧光法研究了水杨酸金属配合物与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用。观察到水杨酸金属配合物对牛血清白蛋白荧光产生猝灭现象,猝灭方式为静态猝灭。计算了结合常数和结合位点数。并且用圆二色谱法研究水杨酸金属配合物对牛血清白蛋白二级结构的影响,发现水杨酸金属配合物的存在明显改变牛血清白蛋白的构象。     

源自天然席夫碱的过渡金属配合物在分光光度法测天然水中的Fe(Ⅲ)的应用

描述了一种新颖、简便的合成含五齿配位基的大环席夫碱配体的方法,制备和表征了该席夫碱的1∶1包合物。用化学和光谱学方法测定了标题配合物的组成,认为在所有配合物中配位金属原子取八面体结构。数据表明:配体起O2N4六齿结构而每个环绕金属原子在八面体环境中。配合物的红外和1H NMR光谱符合中心金属原子的配位结果。用分光光度法测定了配合物的稳定常数。用共轭余量法(CR method)计算了在热分解的不同阶段配合物活化的动力学和热力学参数。此外,用抑菌圈直径法筛选了配体及其金属配合物抑制细菌和真菌的能力。用回收率试验研究了天然螯合配体在不同天然水体中对Fe(Ⅲ)离子配合作用的影响。     

大环中性配体用作大块液膜载体分离金属离子的研究

本文报道以大环中性配体作为大块液膜载体时,冠醚结构对金属离子的传质选择性,以及迁移速度与配合物稳定常数之间的关系。实验结果表明,在一定的配合物稳定常数范围,其稳定常数越高,迁移速度也越快。对于4-取代苯并-15-冠-5类型的冠醚与Na~+的配合物,其配合物的稳定常数顺序与取代基的给电子或吸电子效应的强弱一致,而迁移速度与稳定常数的大小顺序一致。在影响着冠醚醚氧碱度的取代基效应的Hammett常数(δm+δ_P)同配合物稳定常数logk及离子迁移通量logJ之间存在着线性关系。对于其空腔直径与N_a~+相匹配的苯并-15-冠-5及空腔直径与K~+相匹配的苯并-18冠-6,当冠醚中的一个或两个1,2-亚乙基被1,3-亚丙基所代替而变成苯并-17-冠-5及苯并-19-冠-6时,其配合物的稳定常数减小,迁移速度也相应减小。     

配合物研究的一种最优化方法

本文从配位平衡出发,从光度法对单核、逐级配位配合物的实验研究入手,导出了包含配合物逐级稳定常数为未知数、体系中各物质初始浓度为已知条件的非线性目标函数。对该目标函数用最优化方法求算出配合物的逐级稳定常数的最优估值,利用光度与组分的浓度关系又求得配合物摩尔吸光系数的估计值。采用本手段以平衡移动法研究了5—磺基水杨酸铁(Ⅲ)配位平衡体系的各级稳定常数与摩尔吸光系数,用等摩尔系列法研究了其第一级稳定常数和摩尔吸光系数,取得了满意的结果。     

ⅡB族金属离子-5-取代邻菲罗啉-二酮肟配体三元体系的 稳定性研究

在(35±0.1)℃,I=0.1mol·dm^-^3KNO~3条件下,用pH法测定了二酮肟配体PnAO,5-取代邻菲罗啉(5-Rphen,R=CH~3,H,Cl,NO~2)的质子化常数,Zn(Ⅱ),Cd(Ⅱ),Hg(Ⅱ)分别与PnAO和5-Rphen二元体系的稳定常数,以及Zn(Ⅱ),Cd(Ⅱ),Hg(Ⅱ)-PnAO-5-Rphen三元体系的稳定常数。实验结果表明,在上述二元、三元体系中均存在良好的直线自由能关系,并从三元配合物构型上讨论了存在线性关系的内在原因。同时,讨论了金属离子、取代基对配合物稳定性的影响。     

Conductance and Thermodynamic Study of the Interaction of Some Transition and Heavy Metals with Phenyl-aza-15-crown-5 (PhA15C5) in Different Binary Acetonitrile-Water Solvent Mixtures

A conductance study of the interaction between Fe(ClO4)3, Cu(ClO4)2, Fe(NO3)3, Cu(NO3)2, Hg(NO3)2 and Cd(NO3)2 with phenyl-aza-15-crown-5 (PhA15C5) in different acetonitrile-water mixtures has been carried out at various temperatures. The formation constants were determined at various temperatures. It was found that the stability of the nitrate salts decreases in the order Hg2+ > Cu2+ > Fe3+ > Cd2+ and the formation constants decrease as the percentage of acetonitrile decreases in the mixture. The counter anion also affects the stability of the complexes, where the metal perchlorate-crown complexes are more stable than those of the metal nitrate salts. The enthalpy and entropy of the complexation were calculated and were found to be sensitive to solvent composition.     

Studies with dithizone analogues-II Preparation and characterization of 2,2'-dichlorodithizone and the investigation of its reactions with some metal ions

1,5-Di-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-mercaptoformazan (2,2'-dichlorodithizone) has been synthesized and characterized. Its acid dissociation constant and its partition coefficient between carbon tetrachloride and water have been determined. The introduction of chlorine atoms into the ortho positions of the phenyl nuclei of dithizone was found to affect the visible electronic spectra of the reagent and its metal complexes. The ranges of pH for complete extraction, and the extraction constants, for the Hg(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) complexes have been determined. The stability constants of the Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes were also determined. Discrepancies between the present extensive data and the corresponding earlier data have been attributed to use of impure materials and/or inaccuracy of measurements in the earlier work.     

The Use of Encoded Structural Data to Predict the Liquid Chromatographic Retention Behavior of Tetradentate Metal Complexes

Abstract

Retention data for tetradentate metal complexes of copper and nickel are reported for microparticulate silica and reversed phase columns. An attempt is made to relate structure and stability constant data to the retention volume by means of multiple linear regression. The results indicate that if the structure is encoded by means of dummy variables it may be possible to predict retention volumes of metal complexes. There is not a strong correlation between the value of the stability constants for the metal diamine and metal ketone complexes and the retention volume.     

Protonation Equilibria of Carminic Acid and Stability Constants of Its Complexes with Some Divalent Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution

The dissociation constants of carminic acid (7-D-glucopyronosyl-3,5,6,8-tetra- hydroxy-1-methyl-9,10-dioxo-anthracene-2-carboxylic acid) (CA), together with the stability constants of its Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Hg(II) complexes, were studied potentiometrically in aqueous medium at 25.0?(1)?°C, and at the ionic background of 0.1?mol?dm^?3 of NaCl, and determined with the SUPERQUAD computer program. It has been observed that carminic acid has five dissociation constants, and for H₅L their values are 3.39?(7), 5.78?(7), 8.35?(7), 10.27?(7), and 11.51?(7). This ligand behaves as a bi-dentate ligand, and the carboxyl and the ortho hydroxy groups of the ligand coordinate to the metal ions. Various metal complexes were produced in solution under the experimental conditions, for each metal ion used, including hydrolyzed species. The species distribution curves of the complexes formed in the solution were calculated and reviewed. The stability of the complexes was found to follow the order: Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II) > Hg(II).     

Radiochemical extraction of mercury(II) from acidic chloride solutions using dialkylsulphides

The liquid-liquid extraction behavior of Hg(II) from aqueous acidic chloride solutions has been investigated by tracer techniques using dialkylsulphides (R₂S) namely, dibutylsulphide (DBS) and dioctylsulphide (DOS) as extractants. These extraction data have been analyzed by both graphical and theoretical methods by taking into account complexation of the metal ion in the aqueous phase with inorganic ligands and all plausible complexes extracted into the organic phase. The results clearly indicate that Hg(II) is extracted into xylene as HgCl₂ ^. nDBS/nDOS (where n = 2 and 3). The equilibrium constants of the extracted complexes have been deduced by non-linear regression analysis. The separation possibilities of Hg(II) from other metal ions viz. Ca(II), Mg(II), Ba(II) and Fe((III), which are present in the industrial wastes of the chlor-alkali industry has also been discussed.     

Steric and hydrophobic effects of substituents in extraction of metal complexes with O,O-dialkyldithiophosphoric acids

The two-phase stability constants (equilibrium constants) of metal complexes MA(n) [M(n)(+) = Ni(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Tl(I), In(III)] with a series of O,O-dialkyldithiophosphoric acids in the system water-organic solvent) have been determined. By use of correlation analysis the role of the steric and hydrophobic effects of the substituents at the phosphorus atom on the stability constant beta(n) and distribution constant P of the complexes has been elucidated. The data obtained are of use for determining the relationships in the influence of structure of a reagent on its extraction properties and on the conditions for practical application of O,O-dialkyldithiophosphoric acids for metal extraction.     

Correlations between the stability constants of metal hydroxo complexes and the solubility products of crystalline hydroxides. Series of the polarizing effect of metal cations

Correlations between the logarithms of the stability constants of neutral and charges metal hydroxo complexes M(OH) _n (n = 1, 2, 3, 4) and the logarithms of the solubility products of crystalline metal hydroxides for metals in oxidation states of +2 to +4 have been established. The stability constants and solubility products are determined by the polarizing effect of metal cation. Metal cations are arranged in two series by their polarizing effects: for soluble hydroxo complexes (liquid phase) and crystalline hydroxides (solid phase).     

Correlation Between Chromatographic Behaviour and Stability Constant of Metal Ions on Diethylenetriamine Thin Layer

Abstract

The stability constants of the complexes formed between diethylenetriamine and the metal ions -V, Th, As, Pb, Zr and Se have been determined by pH metric method and these values, together with the stability constants for the metal ions -Co, Zn, Cd, Hg, Cu, Ni and Ag already reported, have been utilised to show their correlation with chromatographic behaviour of these metal ions on silica gel G plates impregnated with diethylenetriamine.     

Complexation behaviour of benzilmono(Iepidyl)hydrazone (BLH) toward bivalent metal ions: A potentiometric study

Potentiometric investigations on metal complexes of various bivalent metal ions, viz. UO₂(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Zn(II) and Mn(II) with benzilmonol(lepidy!)hydrazone (BLH) have been carried out at different ionic strengths and at different temperatures in order to determine stability constants of the complexes. Thermodynamic parameters ΔC, ΔH and ΔS have also been evaluated from temperature coefficient data. The effect of varying the dielectric constant of the medium on the stability constants of complexes has also been investigated at 30±0.5°C and μ = 0.1MNaCl. Thermodynamic stability constants and thermodynamic stabilization energies for the first transition metals have also been discussed.