OPA柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定氨基酸含量

建立了邻苯二甲醛（ＯＰＡ）手动柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定样品中氨基酸含量的方法。以邻苯二甲醛（ＯＰＡ）／３－巯基丙酸（３－ＭＰＡ）为衍生试剂进行衍生,ＯＤＳ柱分离,３４０ｎｍ检测,在４０ｍｉｎ内１８种氨基酸全部得到基线分离。测定牛血清白蛋白（ＢＳＡ）的氨基酸组成和小鼠血清中的游离氨基酸,取得满意的结果。     

邻苯二甲醛柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定珍珠母中氨基酸

以邻苯二甲醛和β－巯基乙醇为衍生化试剂,柱前衍生,ＯＤＳ（Ｃ１８）柱分离,ｐＨ５．６乙酸盐缓冲液、甲醇二元梯度洗脱,荧光检测,在３２ｍｉｎ内分离测定了珍珠母中８种氨基酸的含量。在一定浓度范围内,氨基酸的峰面积与其浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数在０．９９８４～０．９９９４之间。对于８种氨基酸,标准加入回收率在９５％～１０５％之间。     

邻苯二甲醛柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定水牛角中氨基酸的含量

以邻苯二甲醛和β－巯基乙醇为衍生化试剂,柱前衍生,ＯＤＳ（Ｃ１８）柱分离;ＰＨ５．６醋酸盐缓冲溶液、甲醇二元梯度洗脱,荧光检测,在３２ｍｉｎ内分离测定了水牛角中１２种氨基酸的含量。在一定浓度范围人,氨基酸的峰面积与其浓度呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数在０．９９７５～０．９９９４之间。对于１２种氨基酸,标准加入回收率在９４％～１０６％之间。     

氨基酸柱前衍生化的3种新荧光试剂的光谱特性及高效液相色谱研究

合成了３种新的荧光标记试剂：吖啶－Ｎ－乙酰氯，咔唑－９－乙酰氯和咔唑－９－丙酰氯。它们的最大发射降激发波长分别为４３０ｎｍ，３６８ｎｍ，和３６５ｎｍ。３种衍生化试剂与氨基酸形成的衍生物在ｐＨ６．５的条件下结合梯度洗脱程序在Ｃ１８反相柱上对色谱条件进行了优化。     

氨基酸的咔唑-9-乙基氯甲酸酯柱前衍生高效液相色谱分析

采用一种新型氯甲酸酯类荧光衍生试剂咔唑－9－乙基氯甲酸酯（CEOC）对氨基酸进行柱前衍生，并通过荧光检测的方法进行高效液相色谱（HPLC）分析；在Hypersil BDS C18柱上对19种氨基酸衍生物进行了分离，衍生物的激发和发射波长分别为λex=293nm,λem=365nm,当衍生化缓冲液pH为9．0，衍生试剂总量（摩尔数）为氨基酸总量的4倍时，衍生化产率最大，平均检出限可达22．8fmol。     

2，4－二硝基氯苯衍生化法在反相高效液相色谱测定氨基酸中的应用研究

研究了采用２，４－二硝基氯苯（ＣＤＮＢ）作衍生化试剂，用于反相高效液相色谱（ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ）测定氨基酸的方法。衍生化反应条件为在碱性溶液中８０℃１小时，制得１７种ＤＮＰ－氨基酸。采用甲醇－醋酸盐缓冲系统梯度洗脱，５０分钟内大多数氨基酸可较好地分离。衍生化产物性质稳定，３６０ｎｍ波长处紫外检测，１７种氨基酸的最低检出限为２μｇ。     

柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定七种中药补养药中氨基酸

首次分离并测定了七神中药补养药中氨基酸，为其补益作用提供了科学依据．并建立了中药补养药的FMOC-氨基酸色谱测定方法。以FMOC-Cl(9-芴基甲氧基羰酰氯)为柱前衍生试剂，用反相高教液相色谱法测定氨基酸是国内报道甚少的新方法。该法衍生操作简单，衍生反应迅速．衍生物稳定，方法的灵敏度高、分辨率好，整个分析过程简捷，耗用时间短，优于用氨基酸分析仪分析氨基酸。常用的OPA(邻苯二甲醛)柱前衍生法不能直接测定二级胺类的氨基酸，该法则可直接测定一级及二级胺类的氨基酸．同时，该法受样品基质干扰少，从而为衍生物样品的氨基酸分析开辟了广阔前景。本文用该法测定了七种氨基酸，获得了较满意结果，并认为该法对中草药及重要天然植物资源的研究是一个简捷，准确且极其实用的新方法。     

2，4－二硝基氯苯衍生化法在反相高效液相色谱测定氨基酸中的应用研究

 研究了采用２，４－二硝基氯苯（ＣＤＮＢ）作衍生化试剂，用于反相高效液相色谱（ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ）测定氨基酸的方法。衍生化反应条件为在碱性溶液中８０℃１小时，制得１７种ＤＮＰ－氨基酸。采用甲醇－醋酸盐缓冲系统梯度洗脱，５０分钟内大多数氨基酸可较好地分离。衍生化产物性质稳定，３６０ｎｍ波长处紫外检测，１７种氨基酸的最低检出限为２μｇ。     

2-4-二硝基苯肼衍生/高效液相色谱法测定葡萄酒中总乙偶姻的含量

建立了测定葡萄酒中总乙偶姻含量的2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生/高效液相色谱法,确定了2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)进行柱前衍生的最佳酸度、反应时间、DNPH用量、反应温度及衍生后处理步骤。采用UltimateC18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)对衍生产物进行分离,流动相为乙腈-水(55∶45),流速1.0 mL/min;柱温30℃;检测波长363 nm。在优化条件下,乙偶姻在0～40.0 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 9。干红葡萄酒样品的加标回收率为95%～106%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.3%～3.4%;干白葡萄酒的回收率为94%～104%,RSD值为2.5%～3.1%。对几种不同种类葡萄酒的总乙偶姻含量进行测定,结果显示国产伪劣葡萄酒及自酿腐败葡萄酒中总乙偶姻的含量明显高于合格葡萄酒。乙偶姻的含量可为葡萄酒的品质鉴定提供参考。     

非衍生芳香族蛋白氨基酸对映体的毛细管电泳手性拆分

以羟丙基—α—环糊精为手性选择剂，对苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸3种非衍生芳香族蛋白氨基酸的毛细管电泳分离和对映体手性拆分进行了研究；结果表明，背景电解质的pH值、手性选择剂的浓度和柱温对分离效果影响较大；经过一系列实验优化，在选定的条件下，3种未衍生氨基酸混合物，不仅达到了相互之间的完全分离，而且每种氨基酸对映体均达到了完全手性拆分。     

UHPLC-Quadrupole/Orbitrap MS同步检测十字花科植物中的游离氨基酸

采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱联用技术(UHPLC-Quadrupole/Orbitrap MS)结合柱前衍生法建立了可同时测定28种游离氨基酸的分析方法,并对十字花科植物中的游离氨基酸进行检测和分析。样品用超纯水提取后,经6-氨基喹啉基-N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺基甲酸酯(AQC)衍生,采用Waters BEH C18柱作为色谱柱,以pH 5.0乙酸铵缓冲溶液和80%乙腈水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱。质谱检测器采用电喷雾离子源,在正离子模式下进行检测。实验结果表明,十字花科植物中含有25种以上游离氨基酸,其中包括人体必需的8种氨基酸。25种氨基酸在线性范围内相关性良好,平均加标回收率为80.5%~104.4%,相对标准偏差为0.6%~4.4%。不同氨基酸检测灵敏度不同,定量下限为0.01~1.45μmol/L。该方法杂质干扰小,分析速度快,灵敏度高,适用于植物样品中游离氨基酸的同步检测。     

异硫氰酸苯酯柱前衍生化反相高效液相法同时测定18种氨基酸

 建立了一种利用反相高效液相同时测定 18种氨基酸的方法。以正亮氨酸为内标物 ,异硫氰酸苯酯为柱前衍生剂 ,用C18柱在柱温 38℃下采用二元梯度洗脱 ,于 2 5 4nm波长处检测。氨基酸质量浓度在 3 5mg/L～ 5 5 6mg/L时 ,其峰面积与内标物峰面积的比值和氨基酸的质量浓度的线性相关系数 ,除胱氨酸 (0 96 2 )外均大于 0 99;18种氨基酸的加标回收率在 96 0 %～ 10 2 .4 %。信噪比为 2时 ,亮氨酸最低检测限为 0 5mg/L。应用该方法对小牛血去蛋白注射液中的游离氨基酸含量进行了测定 ,取得了满意的结果。     

Use of Sep-Pak C18 cartridges to clean up free amino acids from coniferous needles

Reversed-phase Sep-Pak C₁₈ cartridges were investigated to evaluate their ability to purify free amino acids extracted from jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and white spruce [Picea glauca (Moench) Voss] needle tissue samples for HPLC analysis. Twenty-one amino acids from a standard only and amino acids from conifer needles with added standard were eluted through Sep-Pak C₁₈ cartridges. An average recovery of 98% was found for all standard amino acids. Using norleucine as an internal standard, recovery for all amino acids except alanine and methionine averaged 104% for jack pine and 97% for white spruce tissue. Alanine co-chromatographed with an unknown peak and recovery appeared to exceed 130%. Methionine, with less than 33% recovery, was probably degraded during the extraction and purification procedures. Aside from alanine and methionine, Sep-Pak C₁₈ cartridges appear to be a faster and more effective method for purifying conifer foliage extracts prior to amino acid analysis than the traditional ion-exchange column purification method.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定白肋烟烟叶中的游离氨基酸

建立了一种用于烟草中游离氨基酸测定的反相高效液相色谱法．实验采用超声波水解、邻苯二甲醛／3-巯基丙酸作为衍生剂进行柱前衍生．色谱柱为依利特C18柱（4．6mmi．d．×250mm,5μm）,流动相A为18mmol／L的醋酸钠溶液（pH7．2）含体积分数为0．002％的三乙胺和0．3％的四氢呋喃,流动相B组成为：100mmol／L的醋酸钠溶液（pH7．2）-乙腈-甲醇（体积比为1：2：2）,流速为1．0mL／min,柱温为40℃．荧光检测器,激发波长350nm,发射波长450nm．方法的回收率为95．3％～100．7％,RSD为2．32％～9．24％（n=6）．该方法简便、准确、重现性好．测定了不同肥料配比生产的白肋烟烟叶中17种游离氨基酸的含量．结果表明,不论有机肥与无机肥怎样配比,天冬氨酸的含量与各氨基酸相比都是最高的;随着饼肥的加入,大部分氨基酸的含量是先增加后逐渐降低的趋势,15％饼肥＋85％无机肥与30％饼肥＋70％无机肥配比时,大部分游离氨基酸的含量接近,30％饼肥＋70％无机肥配比时的游离氨基酸总量最高,综合考虑,30％饼肥＋70％无机肥配比时的烟叶质量最好．     

Determination of erythrocyte amino acids by gas chromatography

Erythrocyte amino acid levels were determined, by gas chromatography, in a group of 34 normal human adults. No significant sex or age correlations were noted. A method for the quantitative gas chromatographic analysis of free amino acids in erythrocytes is described. Following hemolysis and deproteinization the amino acids were isolated on a cation-exchange resin. Glutathione was removed from the amino acid mixture by adsorption on an anion-exchange resin. Following conversion to their N-acetyl-n-propyl esters, 19 amino acids were separated and quantitated by gas chromatography on a single column in 18 min. Typical reproducibility data indicate that a coefficient of variation of 2-5% is attainable.     

Automated phenylthiocarbamyl amino acid analysis of carboxypeptidase/aminopeptidase digests and acid hydrolysates

A fully automated exopeptidase digestion procedure for the partial determination of N- and C-terminal peptide/protein sequence is described. The digestion of various substrates with aminopeptidase M, carboxypeptidase A, P or Y was accomplished with the Varian 9090 autosampler's robotic automix routines. The released free amino acids, in addition to free amino acids from acid hydrolysates, were derivatized with phenylisothiocyanate in an automated fashion and subsequently chromatographed on a C18 column for separation and quantitation. The advantages of automating this precolumn phenylisothiocyanate derivatization are the virtual elimination of sample manipulation errors and very reproducible data due to the precise control of the reaction conditions both of which, facilitate the interpretation of the exopeptidase reaction kinetic data.     

Thermodynamics of Amino Acid Methyl Ester Hydrochlorides—Crown Ether Complexes in Methanol at 25°C

Stability constants, free energies, and enthalpies and entropies of the complexation of L-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-Ala-HCl), L-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-Phe-HCl), and valine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-Val-HCl) with 15-crown-5 (15C5), benzo-15-crown-5 (B15C5), 18-crown-6 (18C6), benzo-18-crown-6 (B18C6), dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DC18C6), and dicyclohexano-24-crown-8 (DC24C8) in methanol are reported for 20°C. No significant variation in the stability constants and free energies of complexation is observed, indicating that the various crown ethers are poorly selective in binding the amino acids. However, the nature of the crown ether and the amino acid and their pattern of substitution cause a remarkable variation in the enthalpies and entropies of complexation. This indicates a strong enthalpy–entropy compensation effect. The enthalpy–entropy compensation effect for the crown ether complexes of the amino acid methyl ester hydrochlorides reported herein is compared with that of the crown ethers complexes of the amino alcohols and the free amino acid. It is found that the enthalpy–entropy compensation effect holds equally for the three classes of complexes.     

New procedure for isolation of amino acids based on selective hydrolysis of trimethylsilyl derivatives

A rapid procedure for the isolation of amino acids from physiological fluids by class separation suitable for gas chromatographic and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis is described. A physiological fluid such as plasma is adjusted to pH 2 and extracted with diethyl ether to remove organic acids and neutrals. After precipitation of proteins with trichloroacetic acid, the aqueous plasma is dried and derivatized by trimethylsilylation. Organic compounds like sugars and amino acids are rendered soluble in petroleum ether leaving inorganic salts when the soluble layer is transferred. Separation of sugars from amino acids is achieved by taking advantage of the different rates of aqueous hydrolysis of the trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives. Mixing the petroleum ether extract with a small volume of water results in two phases. The petroleum ether layer contains TMS-Sugar constituents of plasma and the aqueous layer contains free amino acids and amines. This procedure was used to isolate L-dopa, 3-O-methyldopa and tyrosine from human plasma in a quantitation assay using 18O-labelled amino acids and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.     

柱前衍生-超高效液相色谱-单重四极杆质谱法分析不同产地烤烟的20种游离氨基酸

为了分析烤烟中游离氨基酸含量与烤烟香型、产地的关系,以国内14个烟草种植省份的138个调制后的烤烟中部叶片为材料,采用柱前衍生-超高效液相色谱-单重四极杆质谱法对烤烟中的20种游离氨基酸进行分析。方法表征结果显示该方法满足分析要求,适合烤烟中游离氨基酸的检测。对调制后烤烟中部叶片的游离氨基酸分析结果显示,烤烟的游离氨基酸含量在产地间差异很大（28.50%~94.20%）,其中天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺含量的相对标准偏差（RSD）超过80%;在3种典型香型（浓香型、清香型和中间香型）烤烟中,浓香型烤烟游离氨基酸含量的RSD大于其他两种香型。对同一香型的不同种植省份和同一省份不同香型的烤烟游离氨基酸分析结果显示,其含量呈现一定的规律。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定不同烟叶中的游离氨基酸

用乙醇水溶液提取烟叶中的游离氨基酸并通过阳离子交换柱纯化后,采用OPA(邻苯二甲醛丹酰氯)、FMOC(9-芴基甲氧基羰酰氯)联合在线衍生反相高效液相色谱法对烤烟、白肋烟和香料烟中的游离氨基酸进行了对比研究,发现白肋烟、香料烟和烤烟的烟叶中所含游离氨基酸总量分别为14.0mg/g、7.7mg/g和3.3mg/g;三者在所含主要氨基酸种类上存在显著差别。用该方法考察了不同产地烟叶中游离氨基酸的含量。