红细胞标记抗体的电化学免疫分析

研究了红细胞标记抗体的电化学免疫分析法。用乙型肝炎单克隆抗体致敏的红细胞作双抗陕 心免疫分析的酶标二抗替代物。在免疫反应完成后，结合抗原－抗体免疫复合物上的敏化红细胞在低渗溶液中溶血，释放出血红蛋白。     

超支化聚合物作为放大信号的纳米磁性微球电化学免疫分析法

提出了一种基于超支化聚合物(HBP)固化酶标二抗作为放大信号和纳米磁球相结合的超灵敏的免疫分析新方法。首先羧基纳米磁性微球共价键合乙肝抗体(HBsAb)形成免疫磁性微球,然后与待测乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)发生特异性结合,加入HBP标记的酶标二抗(HBPS)与结合的抗原结合发生夹心反应。在外加磁场的作用下,抗体抗原免疫复合物易从样品溶液中分离,在含有邻氨基苯酚和H2O2的底液中,快速生成具有电活性的化合物3-氨基吩呃嗪,用示差脉冲伏安法(DPV)测定响应电流,电流强度(I)与乙肝表面抗原浓度(c)在0.05～10.0μg/L范围内呈线性关系,线性回归方程为I(μA)=0.140+16.80 c(μg/L),相关系数r=0.9995,检出限达0.008μg/L,并用于实际样品的测定。     

纳米磁性微球免疫伏安法测定乙肝表面抗原

采用化学键合法将乙肝抗体固化在自行制备的纳米磁性高分子功能微球表面 ,利用免疫夹心反应原理 ,捕获溶液中的乙肝表面抗原和标记有辣根过氧化物酶的乙肝第二抗体 .在外加磁场的作用下 ,抗体抗原结合物从样品溶液中分离 ,在含有邻氨基苯酚和过氧化氢的底液中 ,生成具有电活性的化合物 3 氨基吩呃嗪 ,用示差脉冲伏安法进行测定 .响应电流与乙肝表面抗原浓度分别在 0 2～ 1 0和 1 0～ 5 0 0ng·mL-1成线性关系 ,检出限达 0 0 60ng·mL-1.采用本方法检测血清中乙肝表面抗原 ,灵敏度大大高于目前临床采用的酶联免疫吸附法 .     

高分子对酶,抗体DNA的修饰,固定化及其生物医学应用

为发展适于生物医用的生物功能高分子材料，本实验室近年来研究了可溶性高分子对Ｌ－天冬酰胺酶的修饰，纳米磁性高分子微粒对酶或抗体的固定化，亚微米高分子微球固定化碱性磷酸酶及其在ＤＮＡ检测中的应用，高分子微球固定化酶的合成与性能，酶在导电高分子膜上的固定化及生物传感器制备等，本文对此进行简要总结。     

氯化血红素作为模拟酶荧光免疫分析乙肝表面抗原

乙肝表面抗原的测定在临床诊断上是一项很重要的指标．现在一般采用酶联吸附免疫分析技术测定，但是酶本身性质不稳定且价格昂贵、操作繁琐；更重要的是大分子的酶作为标记物，由于空间位阻效应而阻碍抗原-抗体的免疫反应．所以，用小分子催化剂代替大分子酶的研究显得日益重要[1，2]．近年来有关模拟酶在免疫分析中的应用已有报道[3，4]．本文提出了以氯化血红素作为辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）的模拟酶来标记抗体，以盐酸硫胺素（维生素B1）作为供氢体，成功地实现了乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）的夹心法荧光免疫分析．测定范围是2．5～500ng／wel…     

多色彩可视化半定量检测方法用于COVID-19患者治疗过程中抗体浓度变化的快速监测

现场快速定量检测新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)抗体对于监测新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者治疗过程具有重要作用. 目前, 大多数抗体检测采用基于金纳米粒子的免疫层析定性检测, 但该方法仅表现出一种颜色变化, 无法实现现场快速定量检测. 本文采用特异性刻蚀金纳米棒(Au NRs)的方法, 实现了SARS-CoV-2抗体多色彩可视化的现场快速定量检测. 首先, 将SARS-CoV-2重组抗原固定在96孔酶标板上; 随后, 将辣根过氧化物酶标记的酶标抗体与待测抗体结合, 形成抗原-待测抗体-酶标抗体的复合三明治结构, 且酶标抗体与待测抗体浓度呈正相关; 由于酶标抗体可与3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)发生特异性反应, 生成TMB²⁺, 而TMB²⁺可选择性刻蚀Au NRs, 使得溶液产生丰富多彩的颜色, 即可通过观察溶液颜色变化实现SARS-CoV-2抗体浓度半定量检测. 在最佳条件下, 该方法对SARS-CoV-2 IgM抗体在5.00~200 IU浓度范围内呈良好线性关系, 检出限为1.29 IU, 并具有较高的灵敏度和特异性. 上述方法成功用于COVID-19患者治疗过程中SARS-CoV-2 IgM抗体浓度半定量快速检测.     

一种pH敏感相分离高分子在免疫分析中的应用

将乙肝表面抗体与N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺丙烯酸酯反应，生成丙烯酰基抗体．丙烯酰基抗体与甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺共聚，生成pH敏感的三元共聚物．三元共聚物溶解．沉淀的临界pH值为3．8．三元共聚物上的抗体能与表面抗原、酶标抗体形成夹心复合物．利用三元共聚物可逆的溶解．沉淀特性，能实现在均相条件下，进行免疫反应，在异相条件下，进行免疫复合物的分离．     

生物素化高分子涂层的制备与评价

制备了一种能固载目标蛋白质, 却没有非特异性蛋白质吸附的高分子涂层. 该涂层是可生物降解的油水两亲性的三嵌段聚合物, 即生物素偶联的聚乙二醇-聚丙交酯-聚赖氨酸共聚物. 将高分子溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中, 并涂布在预先包被了聚赖氨酸的脱脂玻片基质上, 形成高分子涂层, 在其表面包被一层由明胶和聚N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮组成的封闭剂. 使用酶标免疫分析法, 对高分子涂层表面的生物活性进行评价. 依次将辣根过氧化物酶标记的链亲和素和生物素偶联的小鼠球蛋白抗原和碱性磷酸酯酶标记的马抗小鼠抗体固载在高分子涂层表面上, 通过标记酶与底物作用生色. 分析结果表明, 经过封闭以后, 生物素化的高分子涂层表面能够排斥非特异性的蛋白质; 同时特异性蛋白质之间(如生物素和链亲和素之间、抗原和抗体之间)的相互作用依然保留, 并且固定在表面的蛋白质依然保留其生物活性. 因此生物素化的聚乙二醇-聚丙交酯-聚赖氨酸三嵌段高分子可以作为生物活性材料, 用于蛋白质固载和蛋白质分离及分析.     

负载高密度乙肝检测探针磁珠的制备及性能

本文介绍了一种负载高密度乙肝检测探针磁珠的制备技术,并对其在乙肝检测中的应用性能进行了研究,开辟了一种乙肝检测的新方法。首先通过化学键连接的方法制备出表面偶联乙肝抗体的磁性复合微球（亦称“乙肝抗原检测免疫磁珠”）,之后将其用于乙肝检测研究表现出了较好的效果,为了进一步提高其检测准确性及灵敏性,对乙肝免疫磁珠的制备过程进行了优化,包括磁珠的胺化工艺及抗体的偶联工艺。通过优化得到氨基磁性复合微球的氨基含量为2.71 mmol/g、单位磁珠抗体偶联量为108.36 ug/mg、偶联效率为77.40%的负载高密度乙肝检测探针的磁珠。并在此过程中采用类“双抗原夹心酶联免疫法”对乙肝抗体的活性及优化效果进行了检测。通过性能检测比较,磁珠法检测灵敏度高于普通酶联免疫法。     

玉米赤霉醇酶标抗原的制备及其直接和间接竞争ELISA检测方法的建立与比较

采用活性酯法将半抗原玉米赤霉醇-16-羧丙基醚与辣根过氧化物酶连接,制备了三种结合比的酶标抗原。通过紫外吸收法和直接非竞争ELISA法对酶标抗原的偶联结果和抗原性进行鉴定。最终选择结合比为1.3∶1的酶标抗原建立直接竞争ELISA检测方法。并对建立的直接竞争ELISA(DC-ELISA)与间接竞争ELISA(IC-ELISA)方法在检出限、检测线性范围、检测时间和二抗的使用方面进行了比较。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.