啁啾超短脉冲光波照射下光栅Talbot效应的研究

应用傅里叶频谱分析法，给出了光栅在啁啾超短脉冲光波照射下菲涅耳衍射方程并分析了其Talbot效应. 数值计算表明，在Talbot距离处的衍射光强不仅与照射的超短脉冲光波的宽度有关，而且与脉冲光波的啁啾有关. 根据光栅在Talbot距离处衍射光强的变化，给出了一种检验超短脉冲光波是否含有啁啾的简单方法. 关键词： 光栅 菲涅耳衍射 Talbot效应 啁啾超短脉冲激光     

透射衍射光栅内全反射级次

当前高功率激光装置系统中, 国内使用透射式衍射光栅进行光束采样, 国外甚至使用光栅聚焦并同时结合谐波分离和采样功能. 高功率激光辐照下, 除了0级透射打靶光以及目标取样光外, 其他级次衍射光的影响也不可忽视, 可能造成诸如鬼像聚焦破坏、时间脉宽测量不稳定、近远场测量噪声等问题. 尤其是透射衍射光栅内部全反射级次会导致光栅出射一系列规律的衍射花样, 造成上述干扰和危害. 首先理论上针对透射式光栅(包括取样光栅和聚焦光栅)进行了相应的计算和分析, 然后从实验上观察并测量了取样光栅内部全反射级次的现象, 并且结合镀减反膜前后的衍射现象进行了讨论, 最后分析并给出了如何消除或规避全反射级次和其他冗余级次影响的方法.     

光纤光栅双折射效应的实验研究

本文对均匀光纤光栅和线性啁啾光纤光栅的双折射效应分别进行了实验研究. 利用压电陶瓷的压电效应实施对均匀光纤光栅和线性啁啾光纤光栅的侧向挤压, 使之产生双折射, 通过改变施加在压电陶瓷上的电压值, 可以实现对光纤光栅双折射大小的控制. 侧向挤压线性啁啾光纤光栅可以补偿光纤通信系统中的偏振模色散.     

线性啁啾莫尔光纤光栅的理论研究

以经典耦合模理论为基础,结合线性啁啾莫尔光纤光栅的结构特性,给出了线性啁啾莫尔光纤光栅的耦合系数和耦合模方程,并用龙格库塔迭代法数值求解耦合模方程.对多种线性啁啾莫尔光纤光栅的光谱特性和时延特性进行了理论模拟.分析结果表明,线性啁啾莫尔光纤光栅的相移特性和切趾特性,使得该类型光栅在波分复用全光网中有着很好的应用前景.     

线性啁啾光纤光栅的耦合模理论分析

利用耦合模理论对线性啁啾光纤光栅的反射谱进行了分析,并详细讨论了耦合系数、啁啾系数、高斯分布参量、光栅长度对线性啁啾光纤光栅的反射带宽和最大反射率的影响.     

用多级台阶量化相位光栅分离偏振光

构造了三角形轮廓多级台阶量化相位光栅模型,用傅里叶光学方法详细推导了光栅衍射场强的解析表达式。分析了这种光栅对偏振光的分离和聚焦特性,并优化设计了两个光栅。数值模拟和分析表明,模型光栅能够将o光和e光分离任意距离,并分别在指定的方向上聚焦。计算结果显示,取8～16个量化级就可以得到较大的衍射效率,两偏振光的能量比较均衡,偏振性能较好;量化级数的进一步增加只是衍射效率有所增加,并不能提高偏振性能。     

物理光学

光的干涉与衍射O436.12007021031线性啁啾相位掩模的设计=Design of linearly chirpedphase mask[刊,中]/方玲玲(苏州大学信息光学工程研究所.江苏,苏州(215006)),吴建宏…//光电工程.-2006,33(11).-88-92研究讨论了用全息干涉方法制作线性啁啾位相掩模的设计方法,提出用两球面波干涉产生条纹密度随空间距离线性变化的干涉条纹记录啁啾位相光栅,按设定光栅端点空频和端点空频差两种优化设计方法设计了长度100mm、啁啾量1nm/mm的线性啁啾光栅,理论和实验结果给出两种设计方案的非线性系数分别为2.5%和1.6%,理论设计和实验结果相符。图11参9(…     

利用严格模式理论分析光栅透镜的衍射特性

光栅透镜因其独特的光学性能而具有广泛的应用.根据光栅透镜的线宽和间距微小渐变的特点,建立了光栅透镜的物理模型,并利用严格模式理论对其衍射特性进行分析.该方法物理概念清晰、公式简洁.对光栅透镜实现谐波分离、聚焦功能时的衍射效率与槽深关系的计算结果表明,其计算速度快、数值计算结果准确可靠.并对加工误差的影响进行了模拟计算,说明了在当前的微细加工的工艺水平条件下,能够制作出满足ICF系统要求的光栅透镜.实验上制作了尺寸为100 mm的大面积光栅透镜,其衍射效率的实验测试结果与理论计算结果一致.     

渐变周期弯曲光栅的衍射和成像特性

阐述了渐变周期弯曲光栅的原理,对其衍射特性和成像特性进行了分析,结果表明:渐变周期弯曲光栅具有分束和聚焦的双重作用;其对称衍射级起到焦距相等的正透镜和负透镜的作用;它可把不同景深的的物体聚焦成像于空间分离的同一焦面上.     

一种新型透射式自聚焦光栅的设计及理论研究

结合普通透射光栅的分光特性和菲涅耳波带片的聚焦特性,提出一种应用于软X射线波段的新型透射式自聚焦光栅。根据菲涅耳衍射理论,对其衍射特性进行理论推导,证明该新型光栅存在一个与光栅平面垂直的焦平面,不同波长的光波聚焦于该焦平面的不同位置。在焦平面上,焦点位置随光子能量的变化是线性的,即能实现光子能量的线性测量。通过解析推导,得到在沿着焦平面和垂直于焦平面两个方向上光斑的展宽模式,发现该新型光栅在沿着焦平面的光斑展宽模式不同于普通光栅。根据基尔霍夫衍射公式,设置实用化参数,对其衍射模式进行了详细的数值模拟研究,并讨论了相应的测谱范围和谱分辨率。     

Continuous True-Time-Delay System Employing a Novel Tunable Chirped Fiber Grating Delay Line and a Sampled Grating Based Multiwavelength Fiber Laser

A photonics true-time-delay system for phased array antenna beam steering employing a novel tunable chirped fiber grating delay line and a multi-wavelength erbium-doped fiber ring laser source based on a sampled grating filter is proposed. The tunable chirped fiber grating, which act as a continuous time-delay element, is achieved by bending a uniform fiber Bragg grating bonded at a slant onto the lateral surface of a simply supported beam. This technique allows the dynamic control of the chirp rate and spectral width of the grating without center wavelength shift. By adjusting the chirp rate of the fiber grating via bend strain, this kind of tunable chirped fiber grating could achieve very low and adjustable delay times, therefore provides higher angle resolution for scanning microwave beam, even the wavelengths of laser source are fixed and un-tunable. The true-time-delay system using proposed tunable chirped fiber grating delay element and sampled grating based laser source is constructed and demonstrated experimentally.     

非线性变周期全息光栅的制作

叙述一种用发散光束来的制作变周期光栅的方法,简单的系统保证了两束形成全息干涉的光强相等这一点对获得高反衬结构的光栅图形是重要的。在显影过程中用He-Ne激光作为衍射效率的在位监控。     

Wavelength-spacing-tunable multichannel filter incorporating a sampled chirped fiber Bragg grating based on a symmetrical chirp-tuning technique without center wavelength shift

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a simple and flexible scheme for a wavelength-spacing-tunable multichannel filter exploiting a sampled chirped fiber Bragg grating based on a symmetrical modification of the chirp ratio. Symmetrical bending along a sampled chirped fiber Bragg grating attached to a flexible cantilever beam induces a variation of the chirp ratio and a reflection chirp bandwidth of the grating without a center wavelength shift. Accordingly, the wavelength spacing of a sampled chirped fiber Bragg grating is continuously controlled by the reflection chirp bandwidth variation of the grating corresponding to the bending direction, which allows for realization of an effective wavelength-spacing-tunable multichannel filter. Based on the proposed technique, we achieve the continuous tunability of the wavelength spacing in a range from 1.51 to 6.11 nm, depending on the bending direction of the cantilever beam.     

Tunable Chirped Fiber Grating Based Variable Time-Delay Network for Phased-Array Antenna Beamforming

In this paper, we present a photonics continuous beamforming system for optically controlled phased-array antenna based on a tunable fiber ring laser source and a novel variable true-time delay network consisting of one single-mode fiber delay line and four tunable chirped grating delay lines. The chirp rate of each chirped grating is tuned by bending a uniform fiber Bragg grating (FBG) bonded at a slant onto the lateral surface of a simply supported beam. This kind of variable true-time delay network can provide five-channel time-delayed signals that can be fed to an antenna array to achieve continuously beam scanning. The proposed true-time-delay unit with 5-element phased array steerer is suitable for phased-array antenna beamforming at frequencies up to 12 GHz.     

声表面波在线性调频声栅上作Bragg衍射后的聚焦声场

本文应用准周期概念给出声表面波在线性调频声栅上Bragg衍射的透射函数。将一级衍射波的分布作为有限孔径内的已知分布。将求解透射区的一级声束的场分布问题作为求上述有限孔的衍射问题来处理。分析结果表明,对偏转声束来说,在Fresnel区存在一个Fraunhofer平面。线性调频声栅同时起两个作用:它既相当于一个等周期的声束偏转器,同时又是一个Fresnel透镜,在焦平面上的声场分布,是声栅出射平面上偏转声束幅度分布的Fourier变换。分析结果还表明:聚焦声轴随入射声波频率而平行移动。这一现象属首次发现,实验结果证实了上述理论分析预计。 关键词：     

Group velocity dispersion and polarization mode dispersion compensation by high-birefringence linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating

A high-birefringence linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is written into a polarization-maintaining photosensitive fiber by ultraviolet (UV) beam through a linearly chirped phase mask. Its performance as group velocity dispersion (GVD) and polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensator is demonstrated in short pulse fiber optical transmission systems.     

双波长啁啾相移光纤光栅

理论研究并实验验证了一种含有两段π相移的啁啾相移光纤光栅.采用F矩阵对啁啾相移光纤光栅进行计算并分析了该光栅的谱特性.含有两段π相移的啁啾相移光纤光栅可以在普通啁啾光栅透射谱阻带中产生双波长透射峰,透射峰位置直接取决于光栅中π相移的位置,透射峰的线宽和透射峰的波长间隔没有关系,仅随着啁啾率的增大而增大.采用带相位掩模的逐点扫描法对含有两段π相移的双波长啁啾相移光栅进行了制作,获得波长间隔为8 nm的双波长透射谱的光栅器件.该光栅的消光比和3 dB谱线宽分别为20 dB和0.08 nm,实验结果和理论设计一致.     

利用均匀相位掩模板制作线性啁啾光纤光栅

理论上分析并从实验上验证了一种利用均匀相位掩模板写入啁啾光纤光栅的方法:将光纤弯曲,由于光纤离掩模板的距离不同从而使光纤光栅的周期轴向渐变,由此产生啁啾。分析了这种啁啾光纤光栅的谱特性和时延特性,同时也分析了由于光纤离掩模板的距离不同而引起的折射率调制变化给光纤光栅特性带来的影响。设计了一种石英曲面,利用其使光纤按照弯曲函数进行弯曲,然后进行紫外曝光制成了线性的啁啾光纤光栅。实验中制作的啁啾光纤光栅色散值为-1102 ps/nm,纹波为17ps。通过改变弯曲函数就可以实现利用一块均匀相位掩模板制作不同啁啾量的啁啾光纤光栅的目的,降低了啁啾光纤光栅的制作成本。     

Multiwavelength Linear-Cavity Fiber Laser Source Using a Sagnac Interferemetric Filter and a Strain-Induced Chirped Fiber Grating

A novel multiwavelength linear-cavity fiber laser source using a strain-induced chirped fiber Bragg grating, a Sagnac interferemetric filter, and Erbium-Ytterbium codoped fibers is proposed and demonstrated for the first time. The Sagnac interferemetric filter, which acts as a full-reflecting mirror, consists of a polarization-maintaining directional coupler and two pieces of polarization-maintaining fibers. The strain-induced chirped FBG, which acts as a partial-reflecting mirror, is achieved by bending a uniform FBG bonded at a slant onto the lateral surface of a simply supported beam. By tuning the strain-induced chirped FBG, desirable lasing wavelength and number can be easily achieved.     

Wideband tunable linear-cavity fiber laser source using strain-induced chirped fiber Bragg grating

A novel wideband tunable linear-cavity fiber laser source using strain-induced chirped fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and erbium–ytterbium co-doped fibers is proposed and demonstrated for the first time. The strain-induced chirped FBG, which acts as a partial-reflecting mirror, is achieved by bending a uniform FBG bonded at a slant onto the lateral surface of a simply supported beam. A single wavelength lasing with a maximum wavelength tuning range of 17 nm has been achieved experimentally.