健那绿共振光散射法测定水样中痕量铬(Ⅵ)

本文研究了在磷酸介质中,铬(Ⅵ)-碘化钾-健那绿(JG)体系的共振光散射(RLS)光谱,考察了它们的光谱特征;在优化条件下,确定了共振光散射强度增加值与溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)浓度的关系,提出了RLS法测定Cr(Ⅵ)的新方法。方法的线性范围为0.01~0.2 mg/L,检出限为2.00μg/L。该方法操作简便,具有较高的灵敏度和较好选择性。用于合成水样中Cr(Ⅵ)的测定,结果满意。     

共振光散射法测定环境水样中痕量铬(Ⅵ)

研究了在磷酸介质中,铬(Ⅵ)-碘化钾-吖啶橙(AO)体系的共振散射光谱,考察了它们的光谱特征,影响因素和适宜的反应条件;确定了散射光强度与溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)浓度的关系,提出了共振光散射法测定Cr(Ⅵ)的新方法;该法在室温下进行,操作方便,具有较高的灵敏度和较好选择性;线性范围为0．008～0．48mg／L Cr(Ⅵ),方法的检出限为3．8μg／L Cr(Ⅵ);用于环境水样中Cr(Ⅵ)的测定,结果满意。     

蛋白质-SDS-罗丹明B体系的共振光散射光谱及其分析应用

研究了阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),阳离子染料罗丹明B,与蛋白质相互作用的共振光散射(RLS)光谱及用于蛋白质的测定.实验表明,在pH 4.35的酸性介质中,SDS的共振光散射强度较小,它与蛋白质结合后,共振光散射强度能得到增强,但加入阳离子染料罗丹明B后,共振光散射强度显著增强.在λ=332.0 nm处,ΔIRLS最大,并且增强的共振光散射信号与蛋白质的浓度成正比.据此建立了一种测定蛋白质的新方法,该方法灵敏度高,对HSA的检出限达到1.9 ng/mL,线性范围为0.01～5.0 μg/mL.用于人血清样品中蛋白质的测定,回收率为94.0%～105.5%.     

曙红Y-SDS体系共振光散射法测定丁胺卡那霉素

在十二烷基磺酸钠存在下,于pH=5.5的Britton-Robinson(B-R)缓冲溶液中,丁胺卡那霉素(AMK)与曙红Y形成复合物,据此建立了以曙红Y作为共振光散射探针测定AMK的分析方法.在λ= 525 nm处,共振光散射强度(△IRLS)最大且光散射的强度与AMK的浓度在4～20 μg·5mL-1内成正比.该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高,对4.0 μg·5mL-1的AMK平行测定11次,检出限为0.0108 μg·5mL-1,RSD为3.23%,用于市售药品的分析测定,结果满意.     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠-吖啶橙体系的共振光散射和二级散射光谱及其分析应用

研究了阴离子表面活性剂(AS)十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)与吖啶橙(AO)作用的共振光散射(RLS)、二级散射(SOS)和反二级散射(ASOS)光谱, 并建立了AO共振光散射法和SOS、ASOS法水相直接测定环境水样中AS的新方法。结果表明: (1) 在pH 1.8~4.0的范围内, 加入SDBS导致AO共振光散射剧烈增强, 在λem=λex=537nm处, 存在一RLS峰, 其强度与SDBS的浓度成线性关系, 据此建立了一种测定水中AS(以SDBS计)的RLS法。在2.5×10-5 mol/L的AO存在下, 方法的线性范围为0.028~8.71 mg/L, 检出限为8.36μg/L。用该法测定了环境水样中的AS, 结果满意。(2) 当λem=321 nm,λex=642 nm时, 在0.014~8.71 mg/L含量范围内,ΔIASOS 与溶液中物质的浓度成正比, 线性相关系数为0.993, 检出限为4.31μg/L; 当λem= 642 nm, λex= 321 nm时, 在0.050~8.71 mg/L范围内,ΔISOS 与溶液中物质的浓度成正比, 线性相关系数为0.993, 检出限为14.9μg/L。     

小檗碱共振光散射法测定脱氧核糖核酸

研究了小檗碱与DNA作用的共振光散射光谱，在pH＝2.0-2.8的范围内，DNA的加入导致小檗碱共振光散射的增强，在308nm处，存在一共振光散射增强峰，其强度与DNA的浓度呈线性关系，据此建立了一种测定DNA的共振光散射法。该方法的线性范围为0－600μg/L，相关系数为0.9972，检出限为19.9μg/L。将该方法用于混合样品中DNA的测定。结果令人满意。     

二苯胺磺酸钠共振光散射法测定牛尿中白蛋白的研究

研究了以二苯胺磺酸钠为共振光散射探针测定牛尿中牛血清白蛋白的分析方法.该方法基于在pH=3.0的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液中,牛血清白蛋白(BSA)与二苯胺磺酸钠结合后有强烈的共振光散射作用,在λ=469 nm处,共振光散射强度最大且光散射的强度与BSA的浓度成正比.方法简便、快速、灵敏度高,对BSA的检出限为0.18 mg/L,线性范围为0.20～16 mg/L,相关系数r=0.996.该法用于牛尿样品的分析测定,结果满意.     

灿烂甲酚蓝共振光谱散射法测定脱氧核糖核酸

研究了灿烂甲酚蓝与脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）作用的共振光散射光谱,在pH＝10．8－11．5的范围内,DNA的加入导致灿烂甲酚蓝共振光散射的增强,在347nm处,存在一共振光散射增强峰,其强度与DNA的浓度呈线性关系,据此建立了一种测定DNA的共振光谱散射法。该方法的线范围为80－100μg/L,检出限为23．3μg/L.     

罗丹明B-I-3离子缔合物共振散射测定环境水样中的铬*&和铬*#

研究了在磷酸介质中, 罗丹明B与I-3的离子缔合物的共振散射光谱。确定了散射光强度与溶液中Cr*&浓度的关系。提出了共振散射测定Cr*&的新方法。方法的检出限为2.2 μg／L,线性范围为10.0～500 μg／L。结合离子交换分离法,用于环境水样中铬的形态分析,结果满意。     

甲基紫共振光散射光谱法测定日落黄

建立了甲基紫共振光散射光谱法测定饮料中日落黄的方法。在pH 3的B-R缓冲溶液中,日落黄与甲基紫之间相互作用形成离子缔合物,引起共振光散射强度的显著增加。共振光散射峰分别位于339 nm和650 nm处,在650 nm处,共振光散射强度与日落黄质量浓度在0.02～0.2 mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系(r2=0.9981)。考察了酸度、甲基紫用量、离子强度、温度等对体系光散射强度的影响,测定了缔合物的组成比。方法的检出限为7.5μg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.1%。方法用于饮料样品中日落黄的测定,结果与紫外分光光度法一致。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.