量子点双标记的Fe3O4@Au磁性纳米DNA电致发光型传感器

合成了Fe3O4@Au磁性纳米粒子,并根据单链寡聚核苷酸(ss-DNA)杂交原理,利用量子点电化学发光,构建了DNA电化学传感器.在磁控玻碳电极(MCGCE)表面,将5′-SH-ssDNA捕获探针自组装在Fe3O4@Au磁性纳米粒子上,然后与目标DNA互补的一端杂交形成dsDNA,再与双标记了量子点的5′-NH2-ssDNA-NH2-3′信号探针杂交形成三明治杂交的DNA.应用循环伏安法对DNA的固定与杂交进行了表征.目标DNA浓度在1.0×10-13～1.0×10-11 mol/L范围与其响应的ECL信号呈线性关系,检出限为1.8×10-14mol/L.由于采用量子点双标记法,检测的灵敏度显著提高.     

磁性纳米粒子固定辣根过氧化物酶的生物传感器

利用FeSO4与FeCl3合成了磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子,并进一步利用3-氨丙基-3-乙氧基硅烷(APS)和戊二醛溶液将辣根过氧化物酶共价固定于该磁性纳米粒子表面,研究了该磁性颗粒的磁学性能,通过磁力将其修饰于固体石蜡碳糊电极表面制成了酶修饰电极。考察了该传感器对H2O2的电化学响应。该生物传感器可对H2O2进行测定,线性范围为1.2×10-7~8.3×10-5mol/L;检出限为4.5×10-8mol/L。利用磁性纳米粒子所制得的酶修饰电极具有催化性能高、稳定性好、造价低和修饰层易更新等优点,有望得到更多的实际应用。     

基于碳纳米管/L-半胱氨酸/Fe3O4@Au纳米复合材料的电流型甲胎蛋白免疫传感器的研究

将DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)分散的多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)修饰在金电极表面,再将修饰电极依次沉积纳米金和L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys),并通过半胱氨酸中的巯基吸附Fe3O4@Au纳米复合材料,再固载甲胎蛋白抗体(anti-AFP),以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)封闭非特异性吸附位点,构建了高灵敏、稳定的新型电流型甲胎蛋白免疫传感器。实验通过扫描透射电子显微镜(TEM)对DMF-MWNT和Fe3O4@Au复合纳米粒子进行了表征。在优化的实验条件下,此免疫传感器对甲胎蛋白抗原的检测范围为0.1～150μg/L,检出限为0.03μg/L。     

超氧化物歧化酶在纳米金/L-半胱氨酸修饰金电极上的电化学行为

通过L-半胱氨酸将纳米金修饰到金电极上,把超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)固定在修饰电极表面,制备了SOD-纳米金/L-半胱氨酸修饰电极。运用交流阻抗法、循环伏安法等方法表征了该电极,发现SOD在该电极上于0.15V和-0.05V左右产生较明显的氧化还原峰,在0.04～0.24V/s扫描速率范围内,其还原峰电流与扫描速速呈线性关系,表明该电极过程受吸附控制。研究了H2O2对SOD-纳米金/L-半胱氨酸修饰电极伏安行为的影响,发现该电极的还原峰电流与H2O2浓度在1.0×10-6～2.0×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为-0.996,可用于对H2O2的分析检测。     

基于Fe_3O_4-Au磁性纳米粒子及碳纳米管修饰电极的对氧磷生物传感器研究

采用化学共沉淀技术制备磁性Fe3O4-Au纳米粒子复合物(Fe3O4-AuNPs),并以此磁性纳米复合物和碳纳米管(CNTs)构建用于快速检测对氧磷的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)生物传感器。通过磁力作用将Fe3O4-AuNPs纳米粒子固定在自制的磁铁/玻碳电极(MGCE)上,并以此作为AChE的载体。分别通过X射线衍射、振动样品磁强和透射电镜表征了磁性纳米粒子复合物Fe3O4-AuNPs的成分、磁性及其形貌特征。利用电化学交流阻抗(EIS)、循环伏安法和微分脉冲伏安法(DPV)表征了自制的MGCE修饰电极以及生物传感器(AChE/Fe3O4-AuNPs/CNTs/MGCE)的电化学特征,建立了用该生物传感器微分脉冲伏安法检测对氧磷的方法。在最佳实验条件下,酶抑制率与对氧磷浓度的对数在3.6×10-6~2.9×10-2mol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为1.6×10-7mol/L。用提出的方法对实际水样中的对氧磷进行加标回收实验,回收率为98.0%~107%。     

磁性纳米粒子固定葡萄糖氧化酶修饰电极电致化学发光葡萄糖传感器

通过交联剂将葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)固定在Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子上,在磁力作用下将该磁性复合粒子修饰在石蜡碳糊电极(SPCE)表面,制成易更新酶电极.GOD催化氧化葡萄糖生成过氧化氢,并使鲁米诺产生电致化学发光(ECL),据此首次构建了易更新型电致化学发光葡萄糖传感器.其电致发光强度与葡萄糖浓度在1×10-5～1.0×10-2 mol/L范围内呈线性关系,线性回归方程I＝65.4374C+23.9017(r=0.9987); 检出限为1.0 μmol/L.此传感器响应快, 稳定性高, 表面易更新,已用于测定人血清中葡萄糖的含量.     

磁性粒子表面自组装辛可宁分子印迹电致化学发光传感器

以辛可宁为模板分子、十二烷基硫醇为功能单体,在Fe3 O4@Au纳米粒子表面自组装辛可宁分子印迹膜,构建了新型磁性粒子-分子印迹电化学发光传感器。通过透射电子显微镜对磁性纳米粒子的粒径分布及形貌进行了表征,使用红外光谱对比分析了辛可宁、分子印迹膜洗脱前和洗脱后的结构及成分。结果表明,在最优的实验条件下(0.012 mol/L 硼砂缓冲溶液(pH 9.5),0.8 mmol/L Ru(bpy)2+3),辛可宁浓度的对数在1×10-10~9×10-8 mol/L范围内,与电化学发光强度变化值有良好的线性关系,检出限为3.5×10-11 mol/L。此传感器灵敏度高、选择性好、易于更新,将其用于血清样品的检测,方法回收率为98.8%~104.7%。     

新型磁性纳米金修饰过氧化氢生物传感器的研制

利用共沉淀法合成纳米Fe3O4颗粒,将半胱氨酸吸附到纳米Fe3O4微粒表面,借助半胱氨酸的巯基(-SH)对纳米金的强烈吸附,使纳米金自组装到磁性颗粒上,再通过静电吸附作用自组装辣根过氧化酶(HRP),合成了Fe3O4/Cys/Au/HRP纳米复合粒子,最后通过磁力将其修饰到固体石蜡碳糊电极表面,制得新型过氧化氢生物传感器.以对苯二酚作为电子媒介,用计时电流法对H2O2进行测定,线性范围为2.4 X10-3～6.0×10-6mol/L,检出限(S/N=3)为2.5 X 10-6mol/L,响应时间小于10 s.磁性纳米微粒Fe3O4/Cys/Au能够高效地保持HRP的生物活性.该新型传感器已用于实际样品测定.     

聚L-半胱氨酸/多壁碳纳米管复合修饰电极同时测定邻苯二酚和对苯二酚

将羧基化多壁碳纳米管分散在L-半胱氨酸溶液中并滴涂在玻碳电极表面.将上述电极在pH 6.9的B-R缓冲溶液中,于-1.0～2.5 V的电位范围内进行电聚合,制备了聚L-半胱氨酸/多壁碳纳米管复合修饰电极(Pol-L-Cys/MWCNTs/GCE).研究发现,邻苯二酚和对苯二酚在聚L-半胱氨酸/多壁碳纳米管复合修饰电极上分别出现了一对氧化还原峰,且两者的氧化峰电位差达101 mV,提出了用微分脉冲伏安法同时测定邻苯二酚和对苯二酚的方法.氧化峰电流与邻苯二酚和对苯二酚的浓度在1.0×10-5～1.0×10-3mol·L-1呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)均达1.0×10-5mol·L-1.修饰电极用于模拟样品中邻苯二酚和对苯二酚的测定,回收率在82.0%～107.0%之间.     

己烯雌酚分子印迹传感器的制备及其性能研究

应用分子印迹技术,以邻苯二胺为功能单体、己烯雌酚为模板,采用循环伏安法在玻碳电极表面合成了性能稳定的己烯雌酚分子印迹聚合膜,并用50%(V/V)乙醇溶液迅速去除模板,得到对己烯雌酚响应的分子印迹电化学传感器。研究了此分子印迹传感器的分析性能,建立了以K3Fe(CN)6为电子传递媒介的间接分析法。在1.0×10-7～5.1×10-6mol/L范围内,己烯雌酚的浓度与K3Fe(CN)6的相对峰电流变化呈线性关系。选择性实验表明,此传感器对结构相似的分子有较强的抗干扰能力。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.