阿魏酸酰腙类化合物的合成及抗病毒活性

以天然产物阿魏酸为先导结构,设计合成了一系列反式阿魏酸酰腙类化合物,以烟草花叶病毒(TMV)为研究对象,对目标化合物进行抗病毒活性测试。该系列目标化合物结构经IR,~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR和HRMS确证,生物活性测试结果表明:在药剂质量浓度为500 mg·L~(-1)时,绝大部分化合物对烟草花叶病毒具有较好的抑制活性。反式阿魏酸酰腙类化合物对烟草花叶病毒具有较好的抑制作用,在其结构基础上进行一定的结构修饰,有望得到具有较高抗病毒活性的化合物。     

含酰腙吲哚片段的蓝刺头碱衍生物的设计、合成及抗烟草花叶病毒活性

为了发现高活性的抗病毒化合物,以蓝刺头碱为先导,运用骨架跃迁策略,设计合成了15个含有酰腙吲哚片段的蓝刺头碱衍生物,并通过1H NMR、13C NMR和HRMS确证了其结构,研究了其对烟草花叶病毒（TMV）的钝化、治疗和保护活性。研究结果表明,部分化合物具有较高的抗TMV活性。其中,化合物4n（43.5%,40.1%,38.7%）抗TMV的钝化、治疗和保护活性高于病毒唑（38.6%,36.5%,37.2%）和先导化合物L2（40.5%,34.7%,38.3%）。化合物4d（40.8%）、4f（42.0%）对TMV的钝化活性优于病毒唑（38.6%）和先导化合物L2（40.5%）。化合物4I（38.4%）对TMV的钝化活性与病毒唑（38.6%）相当。化合物4f（36.4%）对TMV的保护活性与病毒唑（37.2%）相当。化合物4n有望成为一种潜在的抗病毒农药。     

1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟醚类化合物的合成及生物活性

将1,4-戊二烯-3-酮结构中的羰基转变为肟醚基团,合成了7个1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟醚类化合物,其结构经1H NMR、13C NMR、IR和ESI-MS表征。生物活性测试结果表明,在药剂浓度为500mg/L时,化合物4c、4f和4g对烟草花叶病毒(TMV)在治疗作用方面的抑制率为49.6%、53.6%和47.4%,与病毒唑(45.2%)相当;化合物4b、4c、4f和4g对TMV在保护作用方面的抑制率分别为57.2%、58.4%、58.9%和59.0%,稍低于病毒唑(61.8%);化合物4a、4b、4c和4g对TMV在钝化作用方面的抑制率分别为95.5%、92.6%、95.0%和89.5%,优于对照药病毒唑(87.9%)。这些结果表明,1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟醚类化合物对植物病毒表现有良好抑制作用,在其结构基础上进行适当的优化,有望得到具有良好抗植物病毒活性的先导化合物。     

含噁二唑杨梅素衍生物的合成及生物活性研究

合成了一系列含有1,3,4-噁二唑的杨梅素衍生物,所有化合物经~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR以及HRMS表征.生物活性测试表明,部分化合物对柑橘溃疡病菌(Xac)、水稻白叶枯病菌(Xoo)以及烟草花叶病病毒(TMV)具有较好的抑制作用.其中化合物4a、4b、4f、4j对柑橘溃疡病菌的EC_(50)分别为18.5、40.7、26.9和32.4μg/m L,优于对照药叶枯唑(68.8μg/m L);化合物4f、4j对水稻白叶枯的EC_(50)分别为45.9和35.7μg/m L,优于对照药叶枯唑(69.3μg/m L);对TMV治疗活性,化合物4n的EC_(50)值为272.8μg/m L,优于对照药宁南霉素(428.8μg/m L);对TMV保护活性,化合物4f的EC_(50)值为235.6μg/m L,优于对照药宁南霉素(447.9μg/m L).化合物4j与南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒P9-1作用的微量热涌动实验表明,该化合物与P9-1之间具有较强的相互作用.     

溴代甲氧基二苯甲酮咪唑类化合物的合成及对过氧化氢致EA. hy 926细胞损伤的保护作用

本文旨在引入咪唑环,对溴代甲氧基二苯甲酮类化合物进行结构衍生,以发现对血管内皮细胞具有更高保护活性的化合物。通过以2-甲基-5-溴-苯甲酸为起始原料,经过酰氯化、傅克酰化、溴代、与N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)自由基取代及与取代咪唑的亲核取代等多步反应,合成了8个新型溴代甲氧基二苯甲酮咪唑类化合物。目标化合物的结构均经质谱(MS)、核磁共振波谱仪(NMR)和高分辨质谱(HRMS)进行确证。并采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法考察了目标化合物对过氧化氢损伤的EA.hy 926细胞的保护活性,结果表明,目标化合物6a、6g、6h具有显著的细胞保护活性,其半抑制浓度(EC50)分别为1.9、4.0和3.2μmol/L,优于阳性对照槲皮素(EC_(50)为18μmol/L),表明该类化合物在心血管疾病的治疗方面有潜在的应用前景。     

新型含甲氨甲酰苯基烟酰脲类化合物的设计、合成及生物活性研究

为了寻找新的农药先导化合物,以氯虫苯甲酰胺和2-氯烟酸结构为基础,依据生物合理设计思想引入酰脲活性基团,设计合成了12个结构新颖的烟酰脲类化合物.其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR及HRMS确认.初步的生测活性测试结果表明,部分化合物对粘虫(Mythimna separata)具有较好的杀虫活性,在浓度为500 mg/L时,化合物5a,5g和5h处理的粘虫死亡率为100%;此外,部分化合物具有一定的除草活性,其中100 mg/L的化合物5f对稗草(Echinochloa crusgalli)根部生长抑制率为80%.     

新型吡唑酰腙类化合物的合成及其生物活性

以取代肼和取代乙酰乙酸乙酯为起始原料,依次经闭环、氯酰化、氧化、酯化及取代反应制得1,3-取代-5-氯-4-吡唑甲酰肼（7a, 7d, 7g和7j); 7分别与取代呋喃或噻吩甲醛经加成反应合成了12个新型的吡唑酰腙类化合物(9a~9l),其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR和元素分析表征。初步的生物活性测试结果表明：在500 μg·mL^-1浓度下,部分化合物对烟草花叶病毒(TMV)具有一定的抑制活性,其中1-苯基-3-三氟甲基-5-氯-4-(2-噻吩)-腙基羰基吡唑(9k)的治疗活性、保护活性和钝化活性分别为63.6%, 85.7%和93.1%,与对照药宁南霉素(65.9%, 86.4%和97.8%)相当;在50 μg·mL^-1浓度下,部分化合物表现出一定的抑菌活性,其中1,3-二甲基-5-氯-4-(2-噻吩)-腙基羰基吡唑(9b)与1-甲基3-三氟甲基-5-氯-4-(2-噻吩)-腙基羰基吡唑(9e)对小麦赤霉病菌(Gibberella zeae)的抑制率分别为42.5%和46.8%。     

查尔酮衍生物的合成及其抑菌活性和分子对接研究

设计合成了29个查尔酮衍生物,并用IR、~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和HRMS对其结构进行了表征.测定了所有合成化合物对5种植物病原真菌即水稻纹枯病原真菌、小麦赤霉病原真菌、玉米小斑病原真菌、油菜菌核病原真菌和番茄灰霉病原真菌的抑菌活性.初步的结果显示,大多数化合物都有显著的抑菌活性,其中,(E)-N-(4-(3-(5-溴噻吩-2-基)丙烯酰基)苯基)烟酰胺(4m)(EC_(50)=0.057mg/L)和(E)-2-羟基-N-(4-(3-(吡啶-3-基)丙烯酰基)苯基)乙酰胺(6i)(EC_(50)=0.054mg/L)对油菜菌核表现出最强的抑制活性,活性优于市售杀菌剂氟吡菌酰胺(EC_(50)=0.244mg/L).与此同时,还测定了化合物4m和6i对琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)的抑制活性.结果显示,它们都比氟吡菌酰胺有更好的抑制活性.分子对接研究表明,化合物4m和6i都与SDH结合得很好,结合能分别为-31.0和-31.4 kJ/mol.而且,化合物4m和6i分别与SDH的B/Trp-230残基形成了一个氢键.     

新型N'-芳基亚甲基-N-(4-取代苯甲酰氧基噻唑-2-基)取代苯甲酰腙的合成与生物活性

利用生物活性亚结构拼接原理,将活性酰腙亚结构与活性噻唑环亚结构进行拼接,设计合成了14个新型N'-芳基亚甲基-N-(4-取代苯甲酰氧基噻唑-2-基)取代苯甲酰腙衍生物.所有目标化合物经1H NMR、IR、质谱及元素分析等手段进行了表征,部分化合物还经过13C NMR进行了确证.抗肿瘤测试结果表明,该系列化合物表现出明显的抗肿瘤活性,其对人口腔上皮癌细胞株(KB)的抑制活性优于对鼻咽癌细胞株(CNE2)的抑制活性;采用离体平皿法对目标化合物进行杀菌活性测试,测试菌种为:小麦赤霉菌、水稻纹枯霉菌、黄瓜灰霉菌、番茄早疫菌、烟草赤星菌和黄瓜炭疽菌.结果表明,在1.0×10-4 g/m L浓度下,目标化合物对部分菌种表现中等抑菌活性.     

含1,3,4-口恶二唑查尔酮衍生物的设计、合成、抗病毒活性及相互作用研究

烟草花叶病毒(tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)是一种常见的植物病毒,能侵染多种农作物,给农业生产造成了巨大损失.本文以查尔酮为先导结构,设计合成了26个新型的含1,3,4-噁二唑查尔酮衍生物,活体抗病毒活性测试表明该类化合物对烟草花叶病毒具有较高的抑制活性,其中化合物C24对TMV表现出最好的抑制活性,其EC_(50)值为20.9μg/mL,明显优于对照药剂宁南霉素(37.9μg/mL).为了初步揭示化合物抗病毒活性的作用机制,利用MST技术测定了化合物C24与TMV CP的结合能力,其解离常数K_d值为9.05μM,说明化合物C24与TMV CP强结合后制约了TMV CP自组装,进而抑制TMV病毒对寄主的侵染.     

Synthesis and Antiviral Activities of Chiral Thiourea Derivatives

An environmentally benign method has been developed for the synthesis of novel chiral thiourea derivatives in high yields in ionic liquid [Bmim]PF6. The ionic solvent can be recovered and reused without any loss of its activity. The target compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral data. According to the preliminary bioassay, some of the chiral thiourea analogues exhibited moderate in vivo antiviral activities against TMV at a concentration of 500 mg/L. Title chiral compound 3i was found to possess good in vivo protection, inactivation and curative activities of 57.0%, 96.4% and 55.0%, respectively against TMV with an inhibitory concentration at 500 mg/L. The title chiral compound 3i revealed better inactivation effect on TMV (EC50＝50.8 µg/mL) than Ningnanmycin (EC50＝60.2 µg/mL).     

Novel pyrazole fused heterocyclic ligands: Synthesis,characterization, DNA binding/cleavage activity and anti-BVDV activity

A series of novel pyrazole fused heterocyclic derivatives were synthesized via a two-step procedure or a one-pot two step method,and their catalytic DNA cleavage abilities and anti-BVDV activities were also evaluated.The results obtained indicated that compounds 3b-3c could catalyze the cleavage of supercoiled DNA(pUC 19 plasmid DNA) to nicked DNA under physiological conditions with high yields via a hydroiytic mechanism.The studies on anti-viral activities against bovine viral diarrhea virus(BVDV) demonstrated that some of the pyrazole derivatives showed pronounced anti-BVDV activity with interesting EC_(50) values and no significant cytotoxicity.Among them,compound 31 showed the highest antiviral activity(EC_(50) = 0.12 μmoI/L) and was 10 fold more than that of the positive control ribavirin(EC_(50)= 1.3 μmol/L),which provided a potential candidate for the development of anti-BVDV agents.     

Synthesis and antiviral activities of novel 1,4-pentadien-3-one derivatives bearing an emodin moiety

A series of 1,5-diaryl-1,4-pentadien-3-one derivatives bearing an emodin group were designed and synthesized by the combination of natural products. The antiviral activities against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in vivo were evaluated. Some of the derivatives displayed promising curative effect and protective activity against TMV. Compound D5 showed appreciable curative bioactivity on TMV approximately of 50% at 306.2 mg/mL, which was superior to ningnanmycin (409.3 mg/mL).     

Synthesis and Antiviral Bioactivity of Novel 2‐Substituted Methlthio‐5‐(4‐Amino‐2‐Methylpyrimidin‐5‐yl)‐1,3,4‐Thiadiazole Derivatives

A series of novel 2‐substituted methlthio‐5‐(4‐amino‐2‐methylpyrimidin‐5‐yl‐)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for antiviral activities against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). The preliminary biological results indicated that most compounds exhibit excellent antiviral activity against TMV in vivo. Among these compounds, compounds 9c , 9i , and 9p displayed the similar curative effect against TMV (EC₅₀ = 287.05–322.47 µg/mL) to that of the commercial agent Ningnanmycin (EC₅₀ = 301.83 µg/mL). In particular, compound 9d demonstrated the best curative effect against TMV (EC₅₀ = 266.21 µg/mL), which was better than that of commercial Ningnanmycin.     

Synthesis and biological activity of novel N-(3-furan-2-yl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) amides derivatives

A series of novel N-(3-furan-2-yl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) amides derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and HRMS. All title compounds were evaluated for their herbicidal and antifungal activities. Preliminary bioassay results indicated that the title compounds showed good to moderate herbicidal activity at 1000 mg/L. Compound 6q presented the best activity against Digitaria sanguinalis (L) Scop., Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Arabidopsis thaliana with an inhibition degree of five. Compound 6d also showed an inhibition degree of five against D. sanguinalis. In addition, at 50 mg/L, most compounds exhibited good in vitro antifungal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, with compound 6c showing over 90% antifungal activity against S. sclerotiorum and Pellicularia sasakii.     

Synthesis and biological activities of novel 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives

A series of novel 2-amino-1, 3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by melting points, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS or elemental analysis. Biological activities of all title compounds including fungicidal activity and antivirus activity were evaluated systematically. Preliminary bioassays indicated that these compounds exhibited good fungicidal activity at 50 μg/mL, compounds 4b and 4i exhibited over 50% activity against six fungi tested. Most compounds showed good activity against TMV with different models in vivo at 100 μg/mL. Compounds 4c and 4e stood out with high effects against TMV in vivo in all models tested, including protective, inactivative, curative, and inductive activities. These data demonstrate a new strategy for fungi and virus control.     

Syntheses and Insecticidal Activity of Spirocyclic Tetronic Acid Derivatives Containing Oxime Ether Moiety

In order to develop novel spirocyclic tetronic acid lead compounds, a series of new spirocyclic tetronic acid derivatives containing oxime ether moiety was synthesized and bioassayed. The structures of 16 target compounds were characterized by ¹H NMR spectra, ¹³C NMR spectra and high-resolution mass spectrometer(HRMS). Preliminary bioassays indicated that most of the title compounds displayed excellent insecticidal activity against Aphis fabae and Nilaparvata lugens at 100 mg/L. In particular, compound 6k showed the similar activity(LC₅₀=6.87 mg/L) against A. fabae as the spirotetramat(LC₅₀=4.56 mg/L) and had better effects(LC₅₀=1.64 mg/L) against N. lugens in comparison with spirotetramat(LC₅₀=7.90 mg/L). The study showed that compound 6k exhibited more promising and broad-spectrum insecticide activity and may serve as a new insecticidal agent for sucking pests.     

α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺基酰腙衍生物的合成及杀菌活性研究

以α-蒎烯为原料,在质子酸催化下发生Wagner-Meerwein重排得到α-萜品烯,再与马来酸酐发生Diels-Alder环加成反应得到α-萜品烯马来酸酐(3),然后与水合肼反应制备N-氨基-α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺(4).在冰醋酸催化下,4与各种取代苯甲醛反应,合成得到17个新型α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺基酰腙化合物5a～5q.初步探索了合成条件,并利用元素分析,1H NMR,13C NMR,LC-MS,FT-IR等多种手段对目标产物作了分析表征.初步的生物活性测试表明,大部分化合物具有一定的杀菌活性,其中4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基-α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺基酰腙(5n)在浓度为50 mg/L时对苹果轮纹病菌、花生褐斑病菌和番茄早疫病菌的抑制率分别达91%,83.3%和76.7%.