启发式的多层次居家物理实验设计探索

居家实验是特殊疫情时期应对基础物理实验教学困境的有效途径.进行多层次的启发式教学设计,是保障学生“停课不停学”、教师“停课不停教”,形成特殊时期的师生共同体的必要因素.启发式的居家实验命题设计贯穿于全实验过程中,包括命题、选材、实验设计、数据处理方式和实验优化.以光学为例,介绍了现阶段光学居家实验的内容.在居家实验教学过程中课程育人作用不能忽视.启发式的实验教学不能照本宣科,需要实验教师积极探索.特殊时期的实验教学,亦对实验师资建设、实验室建设和课程建设等提出了有效启示.     

利用液晶盒电光性质测量进行启发式实验教学

为了提高近代物理实验授课质量,作者基于现有条件开展启发式实验教学.在注重提高实验技能和观察能力的同时也兼顾研究能力的形成和科学态度的培养.本文以液晶电光性质测量实验为例介绍了开展启发式实验教学的实施方法,同时对教学心得做了介绍.     

模块化物理实验教学的方式与策略

结合教学实践,探讨模块化物理实验教学的方式与策略.首先考虑将物理实验项目模块化处理,分阶段依次设置基础性实验模块、综合提高性实验模块和设计研究性实验模块.针对不同阶段的课程模块,应用启发式教学逐步提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力,培养学生的创新能力.     

基于能力培养的应用型本科物理实验教学模式探索

通过对传统大学物理实验教学现状的分析和讨论,针对目前大学物理实验课程的教学模式进行研究,在遵循实验教学自身规律的前提下,构建“模块化”实验课程教学模式,从而改善课程结构,为培养学生解决具体问题的实践能力和创新思维提供针对性的训练;并采用“启发式”“问题式”的教学方法和多样化的考核评价标准,对于不同专业、不同基础、不同背景的学生进行差异化教学,建立以人才培养为核心的科学教学体系,进一步提高大学物理实验课程的教学质量和效果.     

物理教学中的主动式教学法——发挥农林院校学生学习物理的主动性

阐述了在大学物理教学中采用主动式教学法的重要性和必要性.主动式教学法在物理教学中的开展可通过调动学生的想象力,借助和协调使用多种教学手段,启发式教学,引导学生自学等教学方式来实现.     

研究性物理实验教学的实践

物理实验教学中心采用学生自主设计研究性实验教学模式,通过构建研究性实验教学平台、开放多项研究性实验题目,使学生的科学态度和工作作风在物理实验教学中得以培养.通过研究性实验的教学实践,激发了学生的学习兴趣,培养了创新意识,磨练了意志,提高了综合素质.     

普通物理实验全程式研究性教学模式探索

基于传统普通物理实验课程体系存在的主要问题,以研究性教学思想为指导,将学生的创新能力培养划分为基本能力、综合能力、科研能力培养三个阶段,设计了障碍性、问题性和课题研究性的教学内容,实施启发式、探究式、导师制的研究性教学方法,提出了一种夯实基础、强化综合、面向科研实践的"三位一体"的全程式研究性实验教学新模式.     

大学物理实验分级教学探究

根据大学物理实验教学现状,提出同时进行分层次教学和分级实验教学模式.满足了不同层次学生的需求,有利于提高学生的实验能力及创新能力,提升了物理实验教学的质量,是对实验教学模式的进一步探索.     

信息技术在初中物理实验教学中的应用与实践

物理学是建立在实验基础上的学科,实验教学是初中物理教学中极其重要的环节,对加深学生对物理规律的理解,培养学生的思维和动手能力具有重要的意义.信息技术与物理实验教学相结合,可以激发学生学习物理的兴趣,降低物理实验教学的难度,提高实验教学的效率,实现初中物理实验课的有效性教学.     

注重实验教学 提高综合能力

物理学是以实验为基础的学科,在教学中应加强实验教学已成为大家的共识,本文拟就在物理教学中提高学生综合素质略作探索. 1 加强德育,培养良好的道德素质在物理实验教学中进行德育教育尤为重要,在物理实教学中,可以培养学生热爱科学、热爱劳动、团结互助、爱护公物、勤俭节约的优良品质.为此,我在物理实验教学中采取了以下措施.     

培养兴趣,引导创新——《信息光学》理论教学改革实践

重点研究了针对《信息光学》理论性强的课程和学生在学习过程中兴趣下降以及一知半解等问题,着重从提高学生理论学习兴趣,引导学生创新为出发点,通过改进PPT课件,吸引学生注意,采用深入浅出、举一反三、师生互动、启发式教学方法、理论与实际相结合、教学科研相结合等多种方法和手段,帮助学生建立正确的物理概念,促进学生对数学公式所代表的物理意义的理解,达到改善理论教学效果的目的。同时结合创新性实验建设,培养创新型和复合型人才。     

The Mean Field Theory of Spin Glasses: The Heuristic Replica Approach and Recent Rigorous Results

The mathematically correct computation of the spin glasses free energy in the infinite range limit crowns 25 years of mathematic efforts in solving this model. The exact solution of the model was found many years ago by using a heuristic approach; the results coming from the heuristic approach were crucial in deriving the mathematical results. The mathematical tools used in the rigorous approach are quite different from those of the heuristic approach. In this note we will review the heuristic approach to spin glasses in the light of the rigorous results; we will also discuss some conjectures that may be useful to derive the solution of the model in an alternative way.     

基于最小化收发器数量的光网络业务量疏导

研究了网格型波分复用中的业务量疏导问题,首先把该问题表示为整数线性规划问题(ILP),优化的目标是使得网络中使用的收发器数量最少由于问题的计算复杂度较高,提出了一种启发式算法来解决该问题,数值结果表明:这种算法可以得到与整数线性规划(ILP)得到的最优解相近的结果,在WDM网络中采用适当的业务量疏导可以减少网络中使用的收发器数量。     

Multivariable Heuristic Approach to Intrusion Detection in Network Environments

The Internet is an inseparable part of our contemporary lives. This means that protection against threats and attacks is crucial for major companies and for individual users. There is a demand for the ongoing development of methods for ensuring security in cyberspace. A crucial cybersecurity solution is intrusion detection systems, which detect attacks in network environments and responds appropriately. This article presents a new multivariable heuristic intrusion detection algorithm based on different types of flags and values of entropy. The data is shared by organisations to help increase the effectiveness of intrusion detection. The authors also propose default values for parameters of a heuristic algorithm and values regarding detection thresholds. This solution has been implemented in a well-known, open-source system and verified with a series of tests. Additionally, the authors investigated how updating the variables affects the intrusion detection process. The results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach and heuristic algorithm.     

用于解决大规模波长路由光网中路由和波长分配问题的新启发式算法

本文提出了一种新的启发式算法,它将路由和波长分配问题分解为两个子问题分别进行优化求解,并以最小化波长需求作为目标函数。在不同通信负荷的情况下,我们以NSF网为例,分析了波长通道(WP)和虚波长通道(VWP)路由方案之间在波长需求方面的差别。同时还研究了网络波长重用度的问题。数值结果表明所提出的算法可有效地应用于大规模波长路由光网。     

Direct-interaction approximation by the modal-interaction perturbation technique

An alternate method is presented of obtaining the direct-interaction equations by combining the heuristic and rigorous derivations of Kraichnan. Within the framework of the model dynamic representation of Kraichnan's rigorous theory, we have developed the irreducible diagram expansion systematically * by formalizing the perturbation argument of his heuristic derivation. It is hoped that the present work will provide a further insight into the analytical structure of the irreducible diagram expansion and bridge the gap apparent in the two original derivations of the direct-interaction equations given by Kraichnan.     

执行依赖启发式动态规划PMSM控制策略研究

永磁同步电机算法中的PID参数固定不变,自适应能力较差。近似动态规划具有自学习能力,能动态调整参数,增强系统的自适应能力。本文将近似动态规划中的代表性算法——执行依赖启发式动态规划与类PI网络相结合,根据环境反馈对各个策略进行评价,选取评价最优的策略在线调整动作网络参数,对永磁同步电机进行自适应最优控制。仿真结果表明,执行依赖启发式动态规划加PI控制算法在系统速度变化和负载变化过程中,动态效果和稳态精度优于传统PID控制。     

Influence of rounding errors on the quality of heuristic optimization algorithms

Search space smoothing and related heuristic optimization algorithms provide an alternative approach to simulated annealing and its variants: while simulated annealing traverses barriers in the energy landscape at finite temperatures, search space smoothing intends to remove these barriers, so that a greedy algorithm is sufficient to find the global minimum. Several formulas for smoothing the energy landscape have already been applied, one of them making use of the finite numerical precision on a computer. In this paper, we thoroughly investigate the effect of finite numerical accuracy on the quality of results achieved with heuristic optimization algorithms. We present computational results for the traveling salesman problem.     

Heuristic approach to non-abelian quantum kinematics and dynamics in configuration spacetime

New plausible kinematic foundations of quantum dynamics are discussed in a heuristic manner in which the quantum rule stems directly from the non-Abelian configuration symmetries of a system. Upon quantizing the ‘complete’ configuration symmetry group itself, irreducible generalized configuration-state representations can be calculated, whose transition amplitudes yield the propagation kernel. These states results from solving a set of ‘generalized Schrödinger equations’ corresponding to the superselection rules dictated by the quantized group. The propagation kernel of the system is thus obtained as an invariant Hurwitz integral, defined over the manifold of the complete symmetry group. A heuristic argument is given in favor of this approach to non-Abelian quantum kinematics, in which sums over physical world lines are evaluated instead of sums over arbitrary paths, for obtaining the propagation kernel of quantum systems having a classical Lagrangian analog. The attained quantum kinematic formalism, however, is completely general and does not depend on this particular interpretation. Nevertheless, the heuristic argument strongly suggests that non-Abelian quantum kinematics contains the formalism of standard nonrelativistic quantum mechanics as a very special case. No examples of the issues involved are presented in this paper.     

Radiative collisions and two-photon transitions

We explore the heuristic connections between laser-induced energy transfer in radiative collisions and a simple two photon transition involving two near-resonant fields.