硅铝酸盐聚合反应的研究

应用NMR技术、激光拉曼光谱和硅钼酸方法研究了碱性硅铝酸盐聚合反应中铝酸根离子和硅酸根离子的存在状态及其变化.发现聚合反应是低分子量硅铝酸根离子之间或低分子量硅铝酸根离子与低分子量硅酸根离子之间的反应.     

卡尔曼滤波分光光度法同时测定钢榈的硅,磷,砷

研究了在聚乙烯醇存在下，硅、磷、砷杂多酸与罗丹明６Ｇ形成离子缔合物的反应，建立了能同时测定硅、磷、砷的卡尔曼滤波分光光度法。用于钢样中微量硅、磷、砷的同时测定，操作简便快速，相对误差小于８％。     

Er3+、In3+等金属离子对多孔硅光致发光性质的影响

用阳极腐蚀的方法制备了多孔硅样品,用电化学方法在多孔硅中注入Er3+、In3+等金属离子,并对注入离子后多孔硅的光致荧光光谱进行了研究,结果表明：注入Er3+及In3+后的多孔硅在588nm处的发光峰强度大大增加,同时发光峰稍有展宽。随着离子注入时间的增长,强度继续增加,但当离子溶液浓度一定时,这种增强对时间具有饱和性。     

硅与碳、磷、硫、氧的二元簇离子的激光产生

通过在自制仪器上发生的激光等离子体反应, 产生了硅与碳、磷、硫、氧等非金属元素形成的二元原子簇离子, 记录了它们的飞行时间质谱。根据对这些簇离子的组分的分析, 认为在硅碳簇离子中碳原子形成直链, 硅原子位于链端; 硅硫簇离子中的硅原子向一维伸展, 通过硫原子桥连一起; 硅磷簇离子则主要来取多面体的构型。所有成簇硅原子的价电子在各簇离子中都充分参于成键。     

亚硫酸根离子在硅和二氧化硅的湿法腐蚀中的作用

运用光刻技术和原子力显微技术(AFM)研究了亚硫酸根离子对硅和二氧化硅在40％(w)氟化铵水溶液中腐蚀速率的影响.结果表明硅和二氧化硅的腐蚀速率和亚硫酸根离子浓度有关.高分辨X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析在有/没有亚硫酸根的溶液中腐蚀后的硅和二氧化硅表面氟元素的结果表明在这两种溶液中腐蚀得到的表面化学成分是有差别的.实验结果证明亚硫酸根离子在硅和二氧化硅的湿腐蚀中不只是表现为一种除氧剂，还干预了表面腐蚀反应过程.     

季铵型键合硅基单柱离子色谱柱填料的研制

单柱离子色谱法是七十年代末提出的一种快速、简便的离子分析方法。该方法最早使用以苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯聚合物为基体的低交换容量离子交换剂。这类填料具有使用pH值范围宽的优点,在单柱离子色谱分析中应用很广。同树脂型填料相比,硅基型柱填料因具有不溶胀、耐压、渗透性好等优点,在单柱离子色谱分析中也得到重视。程松林等已报道过硅基单柱阳离子色谱柱填料的合成。本文对季铵型键合硅基单柱阴离子色谱柱填料作一介绍。 实验部分     

沉淀分离光度法测定金属铜钴镍及其合金中微量硅

金属铜钴镍中微量硅的光度法分析 ,由于有色离子的干扰 ,现行的方法中 ,常用萃取方法分离硅[1,2 ] ,使得分析流程长 ;使用有机溶剂污染环境 ,对操作者健康不利。本文采用铁氰化钾 亚铁氰化钾沉淀分离大量铜钴镍等离子 ,让微量硅留于溶液中 ,利用小体积 硅钼蓝吸光光度法较好地解决了大量有色离子中微量硅的分离与测定。1　试验部分1.1　仪器与试剂72 1型分光光度计 (上海第三分析仪器厂 )沉淀剂 :称取铁氰化钾、亚铁氰化钾各 3.8g于2 5 0ml烧杯中 ,加水约 5 0ml,微热溶解后 ,移入10 0ml容量瓶中 ,用水稀释至刻度 ,混匀。硅标准溶液 :以高…     

乙炔和甲基二氯硅烷的硅氢加成反应研究：Ⅲ气固相反应规律探讨

比较了铂，铑，钯的氯化物对乙炔和甲基二氯硅烷的气固相硅氢加成反应的催化活性；筛选了铂催化剂中的无机载体；研究了浸渍法和制备的铂催化剂的催化反应行为。结果表明，浸渍法制备的铂催化剂中存在两类稳定性不同的活性中心，铂离子是具有催化活性的组分，甲基二氯硅烷与铂离子间的氧化还原反应是导致催化剂     

基于银镜反应的硅/银复合负极材料的制备及其表征

基于银镜反应，在动态下用稀氨水将银氨配离子还原为纳米银颗粒，并沉积在硅颗粒表面。与常用含银复合材料之银盐直接还原法和硝酸盐高温分解法相比，配位还原法具有制备工艺简单快速、银颗粒分散度高和银盐转化率高等特点。得到的硅/银复合材料中粒径小于20 nm的银颗粒均匀分布在硅颗粒表面，无其他杂质相。与纯硅粉负极相比，硅/银复合材料(含银10wt%)能有效抑制硅负极在循环初始阶段的容量快速衰减，30次循环可逆容量大于500 mAh·g^-1。交流阻抗测试显示，纳米银颗粒的存在能显著提高电子电导，进而改善硅负极的循环稳定性。     

氟离子对钛硅分子筛合成的影响

将氟离子引入钛硅分子筛合成体系，系统研究了氟离子对钛硅分子筛合成的影响。结果表明，四丙基溴化铵－NH4F体系与四丙基溴化铵－有机铵体系有着类似的合成规律：加入晶种可以降低分子筛晶粒粒度；随着NH4F／SiO2降低，晶粒增居；四丙基溴化铵最低用量在TPABr/SiO2=0.025-0.05之间；随着SiO2/TiO2增大，分子筛相对结晶度增加。将氟离子引入钛硅分子筛合成体系能促进钛硅分子筛晶化，但氯离子不具有同样的效应。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.