化学教育现代化的基本特性与发展趋势

本文从信息化与化学教育的变革性,中心化与化学教育的普及性,社会化与化学教学内容的综合性及未来化与化学教育的素质性与创新性 4个方面论述了化学教育现代化的基本特性与发展趋势。     

中国化学会第十四届胶体与界面化学会议 2013年7月21-25日,长春

会议主题:研讨胶体与界面化学的最新前沿问题和发展前景及其在科学和技术领域中的作用会议内容及范围:(1)表面/界面与纳米结构材料;(2)溶液中的聚集与分子组装;(3)软物质与超分子组织化体系;(4)胶体分散与多组分体系;(5)胶体与界面化学中的理论问题;(6)胶体与界面化学技术、应用与产品     

化学教育现代化的基本特性与发展趋势

本文从信息化与化学教育的变革性,中心化与化学教育的普及性,社会化与化学教学内容的综合性及未来化与化学教育的素质性与创新性4个方面论述了化学教育现代化的基本特性与发展趋势.     

一门培养师范生教学设计和实施能力的实践性课程介绍

根据基础教育课程改革的发展与需求,在化学学科教师教育转型期间,以"中学化学课程与教学(Ⅱ)"的构建与实践,对系统提高师范生化学教学设计与实施能力做了专题性研究。从课程设计理念、目标及要求、结构与计划、评价与实施等方面进行了探索。     

中国化学会第十四届胶体与界面化学会议

2013年7月21-25日,长春会议主题:研讨胶体与界面化学的最新前沿问题和发展前景及其在科学和技术领域中的作用会议内容及范围:(1)表面/界面与纳米结构材料;(2)溶液中的聚集与分子组装;(3)软物质与超分子组织化体系;(4)胶体分散与多组分体系;(5)胶体与界面化学中的理论问题;(6)胶体与界面化学技术、应用与产品     

请速订阅2012年《分析测试技术与仪器》

如果您想了解当代分析测试领域的新进展与新动向交流分析测试研究的新理论与新成果开发分析测试研究工作的新技术与新方法扩展分析测试仪器的新用途与新功能研制分析测试的新仪器与新组件     

试论高聚物结构与性能关系的三个层次

高分子物理的基本任务之一就是探求高聚物的结构与性能,揭示结构与性能之间的内在联系及其基本规律。高聚物结构与性能的关系应该包含3个层次:通过分子运动联系的"分子结构与材料性能"关系、通过产品设计联系的"凝聚态结构与制品性能"关系和通过凝聚态物理知识联系的"电子态结构与材料功能"关系。传统教材上仅讲授"结构与性能关系",有相当的局限性,需要在研究生阶段补充有关"凝聚态结构与制品性能"关系和"电子态结构与材料功能"关系的课程。     

中国化学会第十四届胶体与界面化学会议2013年7月21-25日,长春

会议主题:研讨胶体与界面化学的最新前沿问题和发展前景及其在科学和技术领域中的作用.会议内容及范围:(1)表面/界面与纳米结构材料;(2)溶液中的聚集与分子组装;(3)软物质与超分子组织化体系;(4)胶体分散与多组分体系;(5)胶体与界面化学中的理论问题;(6)胶体与界面化学技术、应用与产品.会议主席:郭荣通讯地址:扬州大学化学化工学院,扬州225002     

前言

当今,对生命现象的本质和基本过程的研究和阐述进入了一个定量和系统整合的新阶段,它显示出微观与宏观相结合,分析与综合相结合,定性与定量相结合.因此,化学与生物医学的交叉与融合就成了科学发展的必然趋势和特征.     

请速订阅2015年《分析测试技术与仪器》

<正>如果您想了解当代分析测试领域的新进展与新动向交流分析测试研究的新理论与新成果开发分析测试研究工作的新技术与新方法扩展分析测试仪器的新用途与新功能研制分析测试的新仪器与新组件.........请您订阅向国内外公开发行的《分析测试技术与仪器》杂志,     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

NiY分子筛表面酸性影响其选择性吸附脱硫性能的机理研究

采用原位红外光谱技术,以噻吩、环己烯和苯为模型探针分子,分别考察单一烃分子在NiY分子筛上的吸附与反应行为以及噻吩与烯烃、芳烃间的竞争吸附和催化反应行为。单一探针分子吸附研究发现,NiY分子筛中与Ni物种相关的Lewis(L)酸位是噻吩的选择性吸附活性位;噻吩和环己烯在NiY分子筛中Brnsted(B)酸位上发生的质子化和低聚反应明显弱于HY分子筛。双探针分子竞争吸附研究发现,环己烯二聚体在NiY中强B酸位上的强化学吸附与噻吩存在显著的竞争吸附行为。另外,苯和噻吩在NiY上的竞争吸附现象在373K时明显减弱。由此,在选择性吸附脱硫过程中,减少吸附剂表面B酸中心可降低烯烃对噻吩的竞争吸附,另外适当提高吸附体系的温度可以有效避免芳烃对噻吩的竞争吸附。     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

化学单元教学设计的探索

论述了单元教学是落实化学新课程三维目标的基本教学过程,同时对教学单元的含义、教学单元的选择与建构、化学单元教学设计及其意义进行了阐述。     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Investigation of Kinetics of Solid-Phase Synthesis of Lithium Orthosilicate

The kinetics of the interaction between lithium carbonate and silica with various degrees of dispersion was investigated by TG and DTA methods. It was found that the utilization of pyrogenic silica with a specific surface area of about 300 m²g^-1 instead of aerosil with one of 175 m²g^-1 leads to an increase of the reaction rate between lithium carbonate and silica, which depends on the formation and growth of lithium orthosilicate crystals in the first stage, and is conditioned by the diffusion of lithium and oxygen ions through the lithium orthosilicate layer formed at temperatures above 800 K. This supposition is supported by the kinetic analysis results obtained with the use of the different models. The optimal regime of heating is recommended. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Characterization of Losses of Chlorinated Pollutants during Lyophilization of Mussels

The influence of the lyophilization process on the recovery of ten organochlorine compounds, (9 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and pp′-DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene)] during the pretreatment step of mussels was studied at three concentration levels. Losses of more polar and water-soluble compounds were approximately 50% in samples pulverized prior to lyophilization. Two variables, moisture and lipid concentrations, had statistical influences in the losses of the lower chlorinated compounds (CB 31 and CB 28). In some PCB congeners (CB 52, CB 101, and CB 118), the variation of losses with the PCB concentrations was also statistically significant.