图论中若干重要定理的历史注记

考察了图论中若干重要定理的历史背景,这些定理包括图论基本定理,矩阵-树定理,门格尔定理,霍尔定理,柯尼希定理,塔特定理,彼得森定理,库拉托夫斯基定理,布鲁克斯定理和维津定理.     

积分型中值定理的推广及统一表示

通过减弱连续的条件,推广了一类积分型中值定理,在适当的条件下,用一个式子将Lagrange中值定理、Cauchy微分中值定理、积分型Cauchy中值定理、积分中值定理、积分第一中值定理、Lagrange型积分中值定理、Cauchy型积分中值定理及推广的积分第一中值定理这8个中值定理统一起来.     

几个随机算子定理

得到Banach空间中随机隐函数存在定理、随机反函数定理和随机Hahn-Banach定理，它们是著名隐函数定理、反函数定理和Hahn-Banach控制延拓定理的随机化推广，这些定理在随机算子理论中将起重要作用。     

发现法讲授中值定理的一种尝试

微分学中值定理通常包括费尔马定理、罗尔定理、拉格朗日定理、柯西定理、泰勒定理。用启发式讲授这些定理的方案很多。笔者设计一种用发现法讲述这组定理的一种方案。最近的教法研讨会上,笔者介绍这种方案,同行们希     

一个新的Ky Fan匹配定理及其在L-凸度量空间中的应用

建立了转移开覆盖的一个新的Ky Fan型匹配定理．作为应用，获得了Fan-Browder重合定理，不动点定理、极大元定理，相交定理和截口定理．     

播挪运算及其性质

在现有的播挪定义基础上,引入了对偶播挪的概念和任意论域子集族的内并、内交两种新运算,提出了十个定理.它们是：平凡播挪空间定理,最小播挪定理,播挪内运算封闭性定理,播挪任意交定理,播挪上确界定理,播挪运算分配性定理,播挪基判定定理,播挪基闭包定理,播挪基约简定理,播挪基内运算封闭性定理.这些定理对于播挪空间的研究具有一定的理论价值.     

圆幂定理及其应用

圆幂定理,实质上是反映两条相交直线与圆的位置关系的性质定理,共包含如正三个定理(1)相交弦定理;(2)割线定理;(3)切割线定理.如果把以上三定理按交点在圆内和圆外进行讨论,则交点在圆内:相交弦定理;交点在圆外;割线定理、切割线定理、切线长定理.     

托勒密定理与西姆松线定理的等价性及折射定律的一个初等证明

托勒密定理与西姆松线定理是两个有名的经典定理,蔡聪明在[1]中对托勒密定理及其有关性质做了细致的综述,但从西姆松线定理与托勒密定理的关系入手,更容易看清这两个经典定理的实质.     

无穷区间上的中值定理

本文将微积分学中的几个中值定理(Rolle定理、Lagrange中值定理、Cauchy中值定理、积分中值定理和推广积分中值定理)全部扩展到无穷区间上去,得到若干个无穷区间上的中值定理,其中值点均在无穷开区间内存在,从而使微积分学的中值定理理论更完善、应用更广泛。     

一类新的KKM定理及其应用*

本文得到一类新的KKM定理,统一和改进了[2,3,0,7,11]中的结果。作为应用,我们得到了几个匹配定理、重合定理、不动点定理、极大极小不等式定理及截口定理。     

On the Geometry of the Nodal Lines of Eigenfunctions of the Two-Dimensional Torus

The width of a convex curve in the plane is the minimal distance between a pair of parallel supporting lines of the curve. In this paper we study the width of nodal lines of eigenfunctions of the Laplacian on the standard flat torus. We prove a variety of results on the width, some having stronger versions assuming a conjecture of Cilleruelo and Granville asserting a uniform bound for the number of lattice points on the circle lying in short arcs.     

On the variation of the spectra of matrices

Several “distances” between the spectra of two matrices are discussed and compared. Optimal bounds are given, which enable us to reduce certain bounds on the eigenvalue variation of matrices by a factor of about two. The results of Bhatia and Mukherjea and of Bhatia and Friedland on the eigenvalue variation are derived in an elementary way using results of Henrici on the spectral variation.     

On the dimensions of bivariate spline spaces and the stability of the dimensions

In this paper, the dimensions of bivariate spline spaces are studied using the Smoothing Cofactor-Conformality method. Based on the analysis on the conformality condition at one interior vertex, the stability (or singularity to the contrary) of the dimensions of general spline spaces is discussed in detail. By the aid of directed partition some new results on dimensions are obtained with the corresponding constraints depending on the degree, the smoothness order of the spline spaces and the structure of the partition as well.     

On the dimensions of bivariate spline spaces and the stability of the dimensions

In this paper, the dimensions of bivariate spline spaces are studied using the Smoothing Cofactor-Conformality method. Based on the analysis on the conformality condition at one interior vertex, the stability (or singularity to the contrary) of the dimensions of general spline spaces is discussed in detail. By the aid of directed partition some new results on dimensions are obtained with the corresponding constraints depending on the degree, the smoothness order of the spline spaces and the structure of the partition as well.     

Regularization of the solution of the cauchy problem for the generalized Moisil-Theodoresco system

We consider the problem of analytic continuation of a solution of the generalized Moisil-Theodoresco system in a spatial domain on the basis of its values on part of the boundary of this domain, that is, the Cauchy problem. We construct an approximate solution of this problem on the basis of the Carleman matrix method.     

Effect of the incompressibility condition on the stability of the solutions of ill-posed problems of the theory of elasticity

One considers the energy functional with density depending only on the first invariant of the strain tensor. Under natural constraints on the density and in the absence of exterior actions, the zero displacements yield a minimum to the energy functional both for the compressible and the incompressible media. In the paper one proves the isolation of this minimum for incompressible media and its nonisolation for compressible media.Translated from Problemy Matemticheskogo Analiza, No. 10, pp. 62–71, 1986.     

Analysis of the steady motions of the tippe top

The motion of the tippe top on a horizontal plane is considered taking into account sliding friction within the Contensou model. The tippe top is modelled by two spherical segments rigidly joined by a rod directed along the common axis of symmetry of the segments. The dimensions of the spherical segments and the rod are chosen so that, as the axis of symmetry deviates from the upward vertical, the tippe top is supported on the plane at a point on one segment up to a certain critical value and at a point on the other segment at larger deviations (at points on both segments at the critical value). The motion of the tippe top is described by different equations in different regions of configuration space, and the motion is accompanied by impacts on the boundary of these regions. An effective potential of the system is constructed, and the type of its critical points is investigated. Poincaré–Chetayev bifurcation diagrams and generalized Smale diagrams are constructed for steady motions. Plots of the steady-state precessional motions have a discontinuity on the boundary between the regions indicated.     

A local estimate of the maximum of the module of the deviator of the strain tensor in an elastoplastic body with linear hardening

An upper estimate for the module of the deviator of the strain tensor at any interior point of an elastoplastic body is proved. It depends only on the L₂-norm of the deviator of the strain tensor over the domain occupied by this elastoplastic body, on the L_p-norm of body forces, on the parameters of the elastoplastic medium, and on the distance to the boundary of the body. Bibliography: 5 titles. To dear Olga Alexandrovna Ladyzhenskaya on her jubilee Translated fromZapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 200, 1992, pp. 167–176. Translated by G. A. Seregin.     

直线上分形的Hausdorff测度的一个算法

本文给出了直线上Marion集的Hausdorff测度的一个有效计算方法,并通过几个实例得出如何利用此方法计算出直线上分形的Hausdorff测度的精确值.     

关于Camassa-Holm方程动量密度的紧支集在半轴上的估计

主要考虑在半轴上Camassa-Holm方程解的动量密度紧支集大小的估计,方法是根据区间长度与区间特征值的关系,通过估计第一Dirichlet特征值来估计动量密度紧支集的长度.因为知道动量密度紧支集外解的性态,所以通过估计动量密度支集的大小可以得到方程解的更多信息.