氢化物-非色散原子荧光法测定饲料矿物添加剂中的砷

本文采用氢化物－非色散原子荧光光谱法研究了十几种饲料矿物添加剂中金属离子对砷测定的干扰，采用加入硫脲－抗坏血酸混合溶液、碘化钾分离、加热蒸干等方法消除干扰。同时本文还对测定砷的酸度、硼氢化钾浓度和仪器工作参数进行了研究和优化。方法相对标准偏差（RSD）为0．54％，检出限（D．L）为54．5ng/L，样品国．加标回收率为102．9％。实际样品测定结果与胂斑法相比具有很好的一致性。     

微波消解ICP-AES法同时测定花岗石中铜、镉、铬和砷

本文采用微波消解和ICP－AES法，同时测定花岗石样品的铅、镉、铬、砷4有害元素，检出限分别为0．0008、0．0007、0．0018、0．0012μg.mL^-1,回收率为93．4％－102．5％，RSD为1．3％－3．6％，该法准确、快速、简便，结果令人满意。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定中药中的痕量砷

建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定中药中痕量砷的测定方法。应用AFS-2202a型双道原子荧光分光光度计和断续流动的氢化物发生技术,研究了不同湿法消解体系对测定结果的影响,选用HNO3-H2O2体系消解中药样品。同时,研究了硼氢化钾浓度、屏蔽气和载气流量、灯电流、原子化器高度等因素对测定结果的影响。在选定实验条件下,砷的检出限为0.069μg/L,桃叶(GBW08501)验证结果与推荐值一致,6次测定结果相对标准偏差为2.46%。该方法简便、快速、灵敏、准确,对实际中药样品进行测定得到了满意的结果。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定中药葶苈子和黄连中的铅

采用HNO2-H2O2体系和高压釜消解中药样品，以AFS-2202a型双道原子荧光分光光度计和断续流动的氢化物发生法，测定了中药葶苈子和黄连中的铅。优化了光电管负高压，灯电流，屏蔽气和载气流量等实验条件。铅的检出限为0．08μg／L，相对标准偏差为0．34％。对实际样品的测定，结果令人满意。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定化妆品中的铅和砷

本文研究了石墨炉原子吸收法测定化妆品中铅、砷的方法。用湿式消解法消化样品，易掌握。方法简便，灵敏度高。用本方法测定铅的检出限为０．０１０ｎｇ，砷的检出限为０．０１３ｎｇ，相对标准偏差为０．８％－５．２％，方法的回收率为９６．１％－１０５．８％。     

微波消解ICP—MS测定有机肥中的砷、铅、镉、镍和铬

建立了一种基于电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定有机肥中砷、铅、镉、镍和铬等元素的方法。探究了湿法消解和微波消解两种样品前处理方法对有机肥中重金属元素的提取效果。结果表明：微波消解法提取效率较高,方法与国标GB／T23349相比,两种方法测定的结果不存在显著性差异;采用国家水系沉积物标准物GBW07311、GBW07312及土壤标准物GBW07401、GBW07404对方法的准确性和可靠性进行评价,其测定数据与标准值相吻合。方法对砷、铅、镉、镍、铬的检出限分别为0．06、0．009、0．04、0．01、0．02μg／L,加标回收率在95．88％-106．07％之间,精密度（RSD）均小于5％。该方法可快速、准确测定有机肥料中砷、铅、镉、镍和铬含量,为有机肥料中上述元素的检测提供了快速稳定的方法。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定贻贝中的砷

以 HNO3 - H2 SO4消解样品 ,氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定了贻贝中的砷。研究了消化方法、介质及酸度、还原剂浓度、硫脲 -抗坏血酸用量、干扰离子等对测定的影响。在最佳试验条件下 ,荧光强度与砷浓度在 0 .174 5— 2 0 0 .0 μg/L范围内呈线性关系 ,相关系数 r为 0 .9990 ,检出限为 0 .0 349μg/L。标准样品的推荐值和 ICP- AES分析结果相符。方法简便、快速、灵敏、准确。     

ICP－AES方法快速测定工业硫酸中的砷和铁含量

本文所述方法是将工业硫酸定量稀释，直接雾化进入ＩＣＰ激发，测定其中砷和铁的光谱强度和含量。绘制校准曲线用标准溶液，加入与测定样品相同量的分析纯硫酸为基体。该方法快速、简便，合成标准样品分析结果与标称值吻合，进口工业硫酸样品中砷、铁含量测定结果与国外检验结果、国家标准方法检验结果基本吻合。     

微波消解-HG-AFS测定大米中痕量砷

研究了微波消解-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定大米中痕量砷的方法。建立了大米用微波消解的最佳分析条件，试验了酸、预还原剂用量等对测定砷的影响，并讨论了大米中其他伴生元素对测定的干扰情况，确定了原子荧光光谱仪的参数设置和最佳氢化反应条件。检出限为0．04ng／mL。此法测定标准物质大米粉(GBW 08502)中砷的含量，其结果与证书值相吻合，相对标准偏差为2．5％，回收率为93．9％-115．0％。     

HPLC-ICP-MS研究炮制对中药砷形态的影响

应用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联机技术(HPLC-ICP-MS)建立了中药中AsⅢ,AsⅤ,MMA和DMA等四种砷形态的同时测定方法,用该方法对黄芪、大黄、黄芩、何首乌、地黄等五种中药炮制前后砷形态的变化进行了比较研究,并对一个总砷超标的冬虫夏草样品进行了砷形态的分析.方法学验证表明:四种砷形态的线性相关系数(...     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.