动态各向同性光子晶体中二能级原子的自发辐射

研究了动态各向同性光子晶体中二能级原子自发辐射的性质,主要讨论了光子晶体能带带边频率随时间作阶跃调制和三角函数周期调制两种情况下,原子上能级占据数随时间的演化特性.当光子晶体能带带边频率随时间作阶跃调制时,原子上能级占据数随时间的演化不仅和上能级与能带带边的相对位置δ有关,更依赖于阶跃调制发生的时刻.调制发生时刻不同,调制后原子上能级占据数随时间的演化也不同.当光子晶体能带带边频率随时间作三角函数周期调制时,二能级原子上能级占据数随时间作总体衰减的准周期振荡.通过选择调制频率和调制初相位可调控准周期振荡的频率、峰值与谷值的大小以及占据数的总体衰减速度等.     

与原子依赖强度耦合双模压缩真空态的量子纠缠

在考虑原子与双模光场依赖强度耦合双光子共振相互作用的条件下,应用量子相对熵研究了双模压缩真空场模间纠缠度的演化.结果表明,在原子与光场相互作用之后,模间纠缠度作周期性的变化.在强场条件下,模间纠缠度总是在初始时刻达到最大值,其变化幅度基本保持不变.在初始场很弱的条件下,纠缠度演化的特点与原子初始状态有关,当原子处于激发态和基态的等概率叠加态时,纠缠度变化的幅度最大.控制原子与光场的作用时间及原子的初态,可以调整双模光场间的纠缠.     

三维光子晶体中三能级原子的自发发射

研究了三维光子晶体中三能级原子自发发射的性质.由于各向异性色散关系,能带带边的态密度没有奇异性,局域场可以消失.在一定条件下弥散场会得到加强,并在辐射场中占主导地位.这些性质将与原子能级和能带带边的相对位置有关,且有别于各向同性色散关系的光子晶体中原子自发发射的性质. 关键词： 光子晶体 三能级原子 自发发射     

二体三能级系统在光子晶体中的提纯复苏

研究了在两上能级间驱动场的作用下,一个3×3纠缠系统在各向异性光子晶体中提纯特性随时间的演化.通过数值计算,我们发现虽然该系统有发生提纯猝死的可能,但在合适的条件下系统会在提纯猝死后出现提纯复苏的现象.束缚纠缠态(不能提纯的纠缠态)在系统中的持续时间由驱动场的拉比频率以及原子能级和光子晶体禁带带边的相对位置决定.     

双能带三维光子晶体中二能级原子的自发辐射

研究了双能带三维光子晶体中二能级原子自发辐射的性质.由于双能带各向异性色散关系的影响，辐射场中的局域场和传输场不能共存，导致原子上能级占据数不再具有准周期性振荡的性质，而是随时间趋于常数，或者随时间按幂函数形式衰减，或者随时间按指数形式衰减.这些性质不仅与原子上能级和能带带边的相对位置有关，而且与光子晶体上、下能带之间的能隙宽度有关.这些性质也有别于单能带各向同性光子晶体中二能级原子自发辐射的性质. 关键词： 光子晶体 二能级原子 自发辐射     

动态光子晶体中V型三能级原子的自发辐射

研究了动态各向同性光子晶体中V型三能级原子的自发辐射,主要讨论了光子晶体能带带边频率受到阶跃调制和三角函数周期调制两种情况下,调制参数对占据数演化的控制作用,以及此过程中量子相干效应带来的影响.结果表明,阶跃调制时,调制发生后原子上能级劈裂出来的束缚缀饰态数目只取决于原子的跃迁频率和此时的带边频率,且与具有相同参数条件的静态情形下的相同.调制发生时刻对其后原子上能级占据数的长时演化情况有影响.随系统初态的不同,量子相干效应既可导致调制之后占据数迅速衰减,也可使原子上能级保留较多的占据数.三角函数周期调制时,原子上能级总占据数在足够长的时间之后随时间做频率近似等于调制频率的有衰减的准周期振荡.衰减率与调制频率有关,也因量子相干效应而受系统初态以及偶极矩夹角的影响.     

双模光场与运动三能级原子作用系统的反聚束效应

采用求解Schrdinger方程和数值计算方法,研究了双模纠缠相干光场与运动V型三能级原子相互作用过程中的聚束和反聚束效应.结果表明:平均光子数变动不大,系统就会由聚束效应跃变为反聚束效应,关联程度最强;平均光子数取一定数值时,原子运动速度增大引起时间演化曲线显著上移,振荡周期变小,对系统的聚束和反聚束效应也有较强影响.当平均光子数较大时,原子初态和双模纠缠相干光场的纠缠度无任何影响;仅当平均光子数较小时,原子初态和双模纠缠相干光场的纠缠度变化引起曲线振荡幅度变化,位置发生小幅度移动,产生弱关联.     

Λ型三能级原子与数态单模光场互作用系统的纠缠特性

通过计算场的量子力学熵讨论了Λ型三能级原子与数态单模光场互作用系统的纠缠和退纠缠时间演化规律.结果表明，系统的纠缠呈现周期性，最大纠缠度依赖于原子初态、初始场光 子数及场失谐量与耦合系数之比.一周期内出现最大纠缠和退纠缠的次数与初始场光子数无 关.近简并下能级初始相对位相影响场熵演化，而激发态和基态之间的初始相对位相对场熵 演化无影响.     

低频强场作用下三维光子晶体中二能级原子的自发辐射性质

研究了处于三维光子晶体中，且在强相干的低频场的驱动下的单个二能级原子的自发辐射性质.由于低频场的影响，使得原子产生了在跃迁过程中吸收或发射一个低频光子的衰减渠道.这些跃迁导致了自发辐射的量子干涉，再加上光子晶体能带带边的作用，自发辐射被显著抑制.原子的布居俘获依赖于原子上能级与能带带边的相对位置，低频场的频率和原子不同跃迁通道间的相对跃迁强度. 关键词： 光子晶体 二能级原子 自发辐射     

各向异性光子晶体中∧型原子的自发辐射性质

讨论了各向异性光子晶体中∧型三能级原子的辐射性质.研究发现,原子上能级与光子晶体带边的相对位置和两低能级相对位置将直接影响原子的动力学性质及其周围辐射场的性质.通过数值计算和理论分析,得到了光子晶体中原子周围辐射场在不同位置随时间演化的图像,并讨论了光子晶体对原子辐射谱的影响.     

Preparation and control of entangled states in the two-mode coherent fields interacting with a moving atom via two-photon process

We investigate the preparation and the control of entangled states in a system with the two-mode coherent fields interacting with a moving two-level atom via the two-photon transition. We discuss entanglement properties between the two-mode coherent fields and a moving two-level atom by using the quantum reduced entropy, and those between the two-mode coherent fields by using the quantum relative entropy. In addition, we examine the influences of the atomic motion and field-mode structure parameter $p$ on the quantum entanglement of the system. Our results show that the period and the duration of the prepared maximal atom-field entangled states and the frequency of maximal two-mode field entangled states can be controlled, and that a sustained entangled state of the two-mode field, which is independent of atomic motion and the evolution time, can be obtained, by choosing appropriately the parameters of atomic motion, field-mode structure, initial state and interaction time of the system.     

Quantum entanglement in the mode-mode competition system

Considering a two-level atom interacting with the competing two-mode field, this paper investigates the entanglement between the two-level atom and the two-mode field by using the quantum reduced entropy, and that between the two-mode field by using the quantum relative entropy of entanglement. It shows that the two kinds of entanglement are dependent on the relative coupling strength of atom-field and the atomic distribution, and exhibit the periodical evolution. The maximal atom-field entanglement state can be prepared via the appropriate selection of system parameters and interaction time.     

纠缠Ξ-型三能级原子与纠缠腔场相互作用熵的纠缠演化

文章利用一对处于纠缠态的-型三能级原子与一对处于纠缠态的单模腔场，初始时刻原子与腔场之间互不纠缠，使其中一个原子与一个腔场发生相互作用，即纠缠交换，合适选择相互作用时间就可实现原子与腔场之间产生纠缠，并研究了系统原子熵的演化特性，运用量子熵理论，讨论了原子-腔场的耦合常数对原子熵的影响，结果表明：原子与光场跃迁耦合常数对系统熵的最大纠缠度有影响.当原子与光场两种跃迁耦合常数之比k值增大时，最大纠缠度在减小；当k增大到某一程度时，系统熵随时间周期性变化，并出现双峰现象。     

Entanglement of a General Formalism V-Type Three-Level Atom Interacting with a Single-Mode Field in the Presence of Nonlinearities

We investigate the evolution of the atomic quantum entropy and the atom-field entanglement in a system of a V-configuration three-level atom interacting with a single-mode field with additional forms of nonlinearities of both the field and the intensity-dependent atom-field coupling. With the derivation of the unitary operator within the frame of the dressed state and the exact results for the state of the system we perform a careful investigation of the temporal evolution of the entropy. A factorization of the initial density operator is assumed, considering the field to be initially in a squeezed coherent or binomial state. The effects of the mean photon number, detuning, Kerr-like medium and the intensity-dependent coupling functional on the entropy are analyzed.     

Entanglement and nonclassicality evolution of the atom in a squeezed vacuum

As an important parameter, von Neumann entropy has been used to characterize the entanglement between atom and light field. We discussed the entanglement and nonclassicality evolution of an atom in a squeezed vacuum—a typical nonclassical field, and compare it with that of the coherent state. It shows that the atom-field entanglement in squeezed vacuum is much stronger and stabler than that in coherent state, whereas the nonclassicality of the light field depends on its initial status. This investigation is trying to find a new insight into the relation between entanglement of atom-field system and nonclassicality of light fields. The result shows that the entanglement between the atom and the field can be maintained well in the squeezed vacuum and this implies better control of atom and photon mutually.     

Entanglement of a two-level atom and its spontaneous emission near the edge of a photonic band gap

The entanglement of a two-level atom and its radiation field near the edge of a photonic band gap is studied by using the quantum entropy. Unlike the free space case, there is a steady-state entanglement between the atom and its spontaneous emission field even when the atomic transition frequency lies outside the band gap. Moreover, the degree of entanglement, which is due to the formation of atom–photon bound dressed state, depends on the detuning of the atomic transition frequency from the photonic band edge and can be controlled by a controllable photonic band gap crystal.     

Engineering entanglement of a general three-level system interacting with a correlated two-mode nonlinear coherent state

In this article a treatment of a three-level atom interacting with two modes of light in a cavity with arbitrary forms of nonlinearities of both the fields and the intensity-dependent atom-field coupling is presented. A factorization of the initial density operator is assumed, with the privileged field modes being in a pair-coherent state. We derive and illustrate an exact expression for the time evolution of the density operator, by means of which we identify and numerically demonstrate the region of parameters where significantly large entanglement can be obtained. We show that entanglement can be significantly influenced by different kinds of nonlinearities. The nonlinear medium yields the superstructure of atomic Rabi oscillation. We propose a generation of Bell-type states having a simple initial state preparation of the present system. Received 29 July 2002 / Received in final form 18 October 2002 Published online 21 January 2003 RID="a" ID="a"e-mail: abdelaty@uni-flensburg.dePresent address: Institut für Mathematik, Universit?t Flensburg, Germany.     

Quantum phase entropy and entanglement of a multiphoton three-level atom near the edge of a photonic band gap

Motivated by recent developments in quantum entanglement, we study the relations among concurrence and phase entropy of a three-level atom interacting with a bimodal cavity field. Analytical results are presented when the photonic band gap is exhibited by the presence of photonic crystals. The evolution of the atomic inversion with the field initially in a coherent state is examined, and different nonclassical effects in its dynamics are discussed. An extension of the notion of concurrence introduced by Wooters is used to quantify the entanglement. We conclusively calculate the phase entropy and entanglement using the Pegg-Barnett phase formalism. Evidence has been found to support the idea that phase entropy and concurrence are correlated in this particular model. One feature of the regime considered here is that closed-form evaluation of the time evolution may be carried out in the presence of the detuning and the photonic band gap, which provides insight into the difference in the nature of the concurrence function for atom-field coupling, mode frequency, and different cavity parameters. We demonstrate how fluctuations in the concurrence and phase entropy are affected by the presence of the photonic band gap. Explicit results with numerical simulations applied to GaAs are obtained.