ICP—AES法同时测定岩石,矿物,土壤等样品中十五种稀土元素的方法研究

本文应用强酸Ｉ号离子交换树脂将稀土元素与基体元素分离，待测液直接用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ同时测定１５种稀土元素，测定中采用干扰等效浓度法，消除稀土元素之间和残余基体元素产生的光谱干扰，方法具有较高的准确度和精密度，是目前较理想的测定岩石等样品中微量稀土元素的方法。     

ICP-AES分析法中铁基体非光谱干扰效应的机理研究

采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法研究了浓度为0～5 mg·mL-1的铁基体的非光谱干扰效应.通过计算干扰函数各项的数值及考察各项数值与铁基体浓度的对应关系,初步探讨了铁的非光谱干扰的一些规律,发现铁基体浓度变化对激发温度、电子数密度和电离度并无显著影响,绝大部份分析元素谱线的活度系数项都随铁基体浓度升高而降低,而干扰函数各项对干扰函数的贡献情况,则因离子线和原子线而异,造成这种情况的原因在于二者的电离因子项存在明显的差别.     

卡尔曼滤波ICP－AES法分析稀土元素及其对光谱干扰的校正

本文以卡尔曼（Ｋａｌｍａｎ）滤波ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法进行稀土元素分析，并研究了卡尔曼滤波对其光谱干扰的校正，以及富线基体元素对待测元素、待测元素之间的影响，考察了该方法的检出限、精密度和准确度以及影响滤波的因素。结果表明，该法能有效地消除和校正光谱干扰，减少对分析谱线的选择，改善分析的检出限，分析速度快，结果准确可靠，可适合各种稀土试样（高纯稀土、混合稀土）的日常分析。     

ICP－AES法同时测定岩石、矿物、土壤等样品中十五种稀土元素的方法研究

本文应用强酸Ｉ号离子交换树脂将稀土元素与基体元素分离，待测液直接用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ同时测定１５种稀土元素，测定中采用干扰等效浓度法，消除稀土元素之间和残余基体元素产生的光谱干扰，方法具有较高的准确度和精密度，是目前较理想的测定岩石等样品中微量稀土元素的方法。     

ICP-AES测定钽合金中的钨、铪

建立了ICP-AES直接测定钽合金中钨、铪的分析方法。采用基体匹配与背景扣除法消除钽基体对钨、铪的光谱干扰,选择多谱线平均值法进行了光谱分析。待测元素的回收率为98.0%—102.2%,相对标准偏差小于1.50%。本法简便、快速、准确度高,已用于钽合金产品的检验。     

ICP-AES测定Nd-Pr合金中的杂质元素

用ICP－AES同时测定了Nd-Pr合金中的Dy、Gd、La、Sm、Ce等5种稀土杂质元素，并研究了基体元素Nd及主量元素Pr对杂质元素的光谱干扰，选择了合适的分析线，用基体匹配法对存在的背景干扰进行了校正。方法的检出限为0．009－0．044μg/mL；回收率为90％－103％。该方法准确可靠、简便快速。     

稀土元素原子发射光谱及其谱线干扰的高分辨率ICP-AES研究Ⅱ.钐基体对其他稀土元素的光谱干扰

稀土元素在当今生产、生活中具有极重要的地位，由于稀土元素的原子发射光谱极为复杂，因此光谱干扰给稀土元素的原子发射光谱分析带来极大的困难。本工作利用高分辨率ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ仪器详细研究了Ｓｍ基体对其他稀土元素重要分析线的光谱干扰，获得了大量的光谱及光谱干扰信息，为以稀土为基体的痕量稀土分析线的选择及光谱分析提供了依据     

稀土元素原子发射光谱及其谱线干扰的高分辨率ICP—AES研究…

稀土元素在当今生产、生活中具有极重要的地位，由于稀土元素的原子发射光谱极为复杂，因此光谱干扰给稀土元素的原子发射光谱分析带来极大的困难。本工作利用高分辨率ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ仪器详细研究了Ｓｍ基体对其他稀土元素分析线的光谱干扰，获得了大量的光谱及光谱干扰信息，为以稀土为基体的痕量稀土分析线的选择及光谱分析提供了依据。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱分析中光谱干扰校正卡尔曼滤波法研究

本文利用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱多色仪的扫描功能,用卡尔曼滤波法对各种光谱干扰进行校正。结果表明,该法能处理各种类型光谱干扰,不需要样品基体匹配,其测定回收率明显优于在峰法和离峰法,具有简便、准确等优点。     

ICP-AES测定钢中的微量钒、铈、钛

采用ICP－AES法同时测定了钢中微量V、Ce、Ti,并研究了基体元素和共存元素对分析元素的光谱干扰，无需用基体匹配。进行了加入回收试验、精密度试验和方法检出限的测定。方法准确、可靠、简便、快速。     

ICP-AES测定钛合金中铝、钼和锆的不确定度评定

对钛合金中铝、钼和锆含量测定过程中的不确定度来源进行了辨别,并在此基础上评定了分析结果的不确定度.测量不确定度主要来源于试样称量、标准溶液配制、校准曲线拟合、各种玻璃量器的使用及测量重复性.依据不确定度评定的步骤,计算得到了各分量标准不确定度及合成标准不确定度.     

用XRMF分段多项式回归法定量分析铂钯合金

在Ｘ射线荧光分析中,当工体效应严重时,工作曲线变得很复杂,仅用一条曲线来拟合,误差较大,为此,采用的分段的方法,将工作曲线分成四段,逐段拟合,取得了很好的效果。拟合工作曲线时,所使用的铂钯合金标样,由Ｘ射线微探针（ＸＲＭＦ）测试。此外,我们还用这种方法,分析了标样薄片中元素分布的均匀性水平。     

Surface energies of the solid solutions between Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and W

The surface energy for different surface orientations of the solid solutions as a function of concentration formed by Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and W is computed and analyzed using the BFS method for alloys. Similarities and differences among the different binary alloys are examined in terms of strain and chemical effects.     

二元合金成份的无标样X光能谱定量分析

一般用电子探针对合金成份进行定量分析时都用标样进行对比。本文提出了一个不用标样的二元合金成份的定量分析方法。利用扫描电子显微镜-X光能谱分析装置同时测定二元合金(Cu-Ga,GaAs)中二元素的K_a光子数比值后,由简化的入射电子能量损失公式和X光激发截面公式并考虑了二次荧光效应后,可计算出二元合金的成份。当入射电子的过电压保持在2—3时,得到和实际成份一致的结果。利用上述简化模型对文献中不同纯元素特征X光的“仪器灵敏度”进行了计算和讨论。 关键词：     

Ti-V系合金的结构、力学性质及电子结构的第一原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一原理方法,研究了Ti-V系合金Ti_3V, TiV和TiV_3的晶体结构,电子结构及力学性质.结果表明, TiV_3结构最稳定,其次是TiV,而Ti_3V稳定性最弱,但是, Ti_3V形成能力最强.三种合金的自间隙构型中,与Ti的自间隙构型相比,更容易形成V的自间隙构型;不管是Ti自间隙还是V自间隙, TiV_3的自间隙形成能均最大.力学性质的计算表明:三种合金均满足力学稳定性标准,且都为韧性材料;体模量及硬度计算表明, TiV_3的硬度最高,其次是TiV, Ti_3V的硬度最低,这与自间隙能的计算结果一致.电子结构计算表明:在费米能级处,三种合金均主要由Ti, V的p, d轨道电子提供态密度, TiV_3合金电子结构最稳定.差分电荷密度计算表明:在Ti_3V合金中,金属性强于共价性.在Ti_3V, TiV, TiV_3三种合金中,金属性逐渐减弱,共价性逐渐增强,合金变得稳定.     

First-Principles Calculations of the Instabilities in Fe-(Ni,Co, Pt) Alloys

First-principles calculations using the Korringa-Kohn-Rostocker method and the Coherent-Potential Approximation for Fe-Ni, Fe-Ni-Co and Fe-Pt alloys show that several features are responsible for the Invar anomalies. Atomic short range ordering in the alloys is responsible for the appearance of antiferromagnetic and non-colinear magnetic moments. The antiferromagnetic contributions are responsible for two effects, the negative anharmonicity due to the tendency of the alloys to have a smaller lattice constant, as well as the tendency to have a larger lattice constant because of additional density of states of antibonding majority-spin orbitals at the Fermi level, which simultaneously stabilizes the antiferromagnetic moments.     

Atomic Absorption Analysis for Major Constituents in Copper-based Alloys

Copper-based alloys have been analysed by a modified atomic absorption spectrophotometric procedure for copper, lead, zinc and tin present as major constituents. The method involved concentrated solution analysis using secondary lines and modified burner heads with close sample/standard matching and bracketing. Accuracy and precision were optimised by zero suppression and scale expansion of the output signal.     

Theoretical study of the structural,electronic and magnetic properties of equiatomic quaternary CoTcCrZ (Z = Si,Ge, P) Heusler alloys

In this study, full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method has been used to calculate structural, electronic and magnetic characteristics of CoTcCrZ (Z = Si, Ge, P) Equiatomic Quaternary Heusler alloys (EQHAs). Furthermore, Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) and Hubbard potential (GGA+U) are adopted in the parametrization of Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE). Structural stability calculations confirmed that the Type II is the most stable structure of all considered alloys. Further investigations were carried out for the most stable Type (i.e. Type II). Comparison of electronic structure calculations performed by GGA and GGA+U methods concluded that considered alloys show half-metallic nature for GGA+U method. Magnetic moments for all these alloys are determined which are found in accordance to the Slater-Pauling rule. Half-metallicity has been verified in all these considered Heusler alloys (HAs) from the calculations of spin-polarization at the Fermi level (E_F). Moreover, the Curie temperature (Tc) is estimated by employing mean field approximation (MFA).     

Stability,electronic structures,and mechanical properties of Fe–Mn–Al system from first-principles calculations

The stability, electronic structures, and mechanical properties of the Fe–Mn–Al system were determined by firstprinciples calculations. The formation enthalpy and cohesive energy of these Fe–Mn–Al alloys are negative and show that the alloys are thermodynamically stable. Fe_3Al, with the lowest formation enthalpy, is the most stable compound in the Fe–Mn–Al system. The partial density of states, total density of states, and electron density distribution maps of the Fe–Mn–Al alloys were analyzed. The bonding characteristics of these Fe–Mn–Al alloys are mainly combinations of covalent bonding and metallic bonds. The stress-strain method and Voigt–Reuss–Hill approximation were used to calculate the elastic constants and moduli, respectively. Fe_(2.5)Mn_(0.5)Al has the highest bulk modulus, 234.5 GPa. Fe_(1.5)Mn_(1.5)Al has the highest shear modulus and Young's modulus, with values of 98.8 GPa and 259.2 GPa, respectively. These Fe–Mn–Al alloys display disparate anisotropies due to the calculated different shape of the three-dimensional curved surface of the Young's modulus and anisotropic index. Moreover, the anisotropic sound velocities and Debye temperatures of these Fe–Mn–Al alloys were explored.