市售保健品中7种醒酒护肝功效成分的毛细管电泳测定

采用胶束电动毛细管电泳-二极管阵列检测器同时检测了市售保健品中儿茶素、表儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯、二氢杨梅素和甘草酸等7种醒酒护肝功效成分.采用正交设计法对毛细管电泳条件[缓冲剂浓度、添加剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)浓度、添加剂乙腈比例以及电泳缓冲溶液p H]进行了优化.在优化的条件下,7种组分在各自的线性范围内相关系数r≥0.9989,检出限和定量限分别为0.26~2.22μg/g(S/N=3)和0.87~7.39μg/g(S/N=10),日内精密度和日间精密度分别为1.3%~2.5%和1.9%~3.9%,样品加标回收率为91.4%~104.9%,加标样品的相对标准偏差(RSD)在1.4%~3.2%之间.本方法可在8 min内实现7种功效成分的同时检测,能够满足市售醒酒护肝产品的常规分析和质量评价要求.     

HPLC法测定茶叶中儿茶素及咖啡碱

以绿茶为样本,以GB/T 8305–1987水浸出方式作为样品的提取方法,使用C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6mm,5μm),以A相(超纯水)、B相(N–N二甲基甲酰胺︰甲醇︰冰乙酸=40︰2︰1.5)为流动相,在最佳梯度洗脱条件下对8种组分进行分离,紫外检测器检测,检测波长为278 nm,外标法定量。没食子酸、咖啡碱、表没食子儿茶素、儿茶素、表儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯、没食子基儿茶素没食子酸酯和表儿茶素没食子酸酯8种组分的进样质量分别在0.0243~0.1456,0.2549~1.5296,0.2027~1.2164,0.0182~0.1102,0.1606~0.9634,1.0004~6.0024,0.018 2~0.109 0,0.229 6~1.377 4μg范围内与色谱峰面积的线性关系良好(r为0.991 0~0.999 9);加标回收率为98.60%~100.17%,RSD均小于0.48%(n=3)。对样品进行6次重复测定,与标准方法相比,8种组分测定结果的相对偏差为0.47%~5.55%。该方法简便、快速、准确、稳定、重复性好,可用于茶叶中8种成分的定量分析。     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定茶叶中六种儿茶素组分的研究

采用反相高效液相色谱法同时测定茶叶中L (+) 表儿茶素(L EC),L (-) 表儿茶素没食子酸酯(L ECG),L (-) 表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(L EGCG),L (-) 表没食子儿茶素(L EGC),(+) 没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(GCG),DL 儿茶素(DL C)六种儿茶素组分,以乙醇∶乙酸∶水=14.5∶1.0∶84.5(体积比)为流动相(1.0ml·min-1),C18柱,UV检测器(278nm)。六种儿茶素组分的相对标准偏差分别为0.67%,0.45%,0.24%,0.56%,3.11%,4 41%,回收率分别为95.2%,98.2%,101.3%,97.0%,98.3%,97.5%。该法采用乙醇、乙酸等无毒溶剂作流动相,回收率高,用于实际样品测定,结果满意。     

高效液相色谱法测定茶叶中茶多酚

应用高效液相色谱法测定了茶叶,特别是绿茶中的8种多酚,包括儿荼素(C)、表没食子儿茶素(EGC)、没食子儿荼素(GC)、表儿茶素(EC)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)、没食子儿荼素没食子酸酯(GCG)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)及儿茶素没食子酸酯(CG).在C18>反相柱(250 min×4.6 mm,5 μm)上进行分离,用不同体积比混合的流动相A及流动相B的混合液作梯度淋洗,流速为1.0 mL·min-1,柱温为40℃,在280 nm波长处进行紫外检测.上述8组分在0.004～4.0 g·L-范围内呈线性关系,方法的检出限在0.6～2.6 mg·L-1范围内,平均回收率为83%.     

高效液相色谱法分析元宝枫叶中儿茶素类物质

本文建立了元宝枫树叶中儿茶素种类及其含量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定方法。采用反相C18色谱柱,以甲醇/水(含0.5%乙酸)=25/75(V/V)为流动相,对没食子儿茶素(GC)、表没食子儿茶素(EGC)、儿茶素(C)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)、表儿茶素(EC)和没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(GCG)进行定性、定量分析;以甲醇/水(含0.5%乙酸)=35/65(V/V)为流动相,对表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)和儿茶素没食子酸酯(CG)进行定性分析,柱温均为35℃,检测波长为278 nm,流速为1.0mL/min。结果表明:元宝枫叶中有EGC、EC和GCG,其它五种则无。EGC平均含量为0.0389 mg/g,方法精密度(RSD)为0.42%(n=6);EC平均含量为0.0289 mg/g,方法RSD为1.5%(n=6);GCG平均含量为0.284 mg/g,方法RSD为0.32%(n=6)。该方法简便、准确、分离效果好,为元宝枫叶开发成茶叶、饮料以及医疗保健品提供重要依据。     

超高效液相色谱法测定绿茶中5种儿茶素

建立了绿茶中儿茶素、表儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯、表没食子儿茶素和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯含量的超高效液相色谱紫外检测方法。样品采用70℃甲醇-水溶液热水浴下提取。色谱柱为Waters Acquity-BEH C18柱(1.7μm,50 mm×2.5 mm);流动相为乙腈和0.1%甲酸,采用梯度洗脱,乙腈洗脱浓度和时间为:9%(0 min)-9%(4 min)-12%(6 min)-25%(8 min)-9%(9 min)-9%(9.5 min);流速0.25 mL/min;柱温30℃;进样量10μL;检测时间9.5 min;二极管阵列检测器;检测波长278 nm。实验结果表明,在该色谱条件下,5种儿茶素能达到较好的基线分离效果,样品回收率在95.0%～105.0%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.7%～3.0%(n=5)。     

高效液相色谱-质谱-二苯基三硝基苯肼在线筛选与鉴别茶叶中抗氧化活性成分

将基于在线高效液相色谱-二苯基三硝基苯肼(HPLC-DPPH)快速筛选自由基清除剂的方法与电喷雾飞行时间质谱(ESI-TOF/MS)结合,建立了茶叶粗提物中抗氧化活性成分在线筛选与鉴别的方法.本方法是在HPLC色谱柱分离后进行分流,一路进入ESI-TOF/MS用于各化合物的快速鉴别,另一路流出液与稳定的自由基DPPH混合,实现在线筛选自由基清除剂的作用.本方法用于茶水中抗氧化成分的快速筛选与鉴别,筛选出11个具有明显DPPH自由基清除作用的化合物,通过ESI-TOF/MS在线分析获得的质谱信息,结合相关文献和数据库,实现了各化合物的快速鉴别.11个化合物分别为茶氨酸、Theogallin、没食子儿茶素、茶碱、色氨酸、表没食子儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯、表儿茶酚、没食子酸酯、没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯及儿茶素没食子酸酯.本方法效率高、稳定性好,是复杂天然产物中抗氧化剂快速筛选与鉴别的有力工具.     

高效液相色谱法测定绿茶中茶多酚及咖啡因

应用高效液相色谱法测定绿茶中没食子酸(GA)、咖啡因(CAF)及5种儿茶素类化合物,包括儿茶素(C)、表儿茶素(EC)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)、没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(GCG)。对国家标准方法GB/T 8313-2008中流动相组成进行了调整,用0.5%乙酸代替2%的乙酸,在AT.Lichrom ODS色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)上进行分离,流量为1.0mL.min-1,在波长278nm处进行紫外检测。7种组分在40min内达到完全分离。7种组分的质量浓度分别在一定的范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系。方法用于绿茶的分析,7种组分的加标回收率在96.0%～102.8%之间。     

茶中儿茶素的分离分析方法研究进展

儿茶素类是茶叶药效的主要活性组分.天然产生的八大儿茶素为儿茶素(C)、表儿荼素(EC)、没食子儿茶素(GC)、表没食子儿荼素(EGC)、儿茶素没食子酸酯(CG)、表儿荼素没食子酸酯(ECG)、没食子儿荼素没食子酸酯(GCG)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG).本文综述了分离分析茶儿荼素的常用有效方法.     

毛细管区带电泳法测定葡萄籽中儿茶素类化合物

 采用毛细管区带电泳法测定了 10种中国产葡萄籽中的 4个主要儿茶素类化合物 :(+)儿茶素、(- )表儿茶素、(± )表没食子儿茶素、(± )表儿茶素没食子酸酯的含量。在 0 0 2mol/L硼砂和 0 0 0 5mol/L磷酸盐的混合缓冲体系 (pH 10 0 )的背景缓冲液中 ,4个化合物在 10min内取得了令人满意的分离。迁移时间的重现性(RSD)小于 2 % ,峰面积的重现性 (RSD)小于 5 %。在质量浓度为 0 0 0 5g/L～ 0 5 g/L时 ,线性相关系数大于0 995。检测限为 3mg/L～ 10mg/L。该方法简单、快速、准确 ,可作为葡萄籽分析和药用开发过程中分析儿茶素类化合物的有效方法推广使用。     

Isomeric differentiation of green tea catechins using gas-phase hydrogen/deuterium exchange reactions

Hydrogen/deuterium exchange reactions in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer are used to differentiate galloylated catechin stereoisomers (catechin gallate and epicatechin gallate; gallocatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate) and the nongalloylated analogs (catechin and epicatechin, gallocatechin and epigallocatechin). Significant differences in the hydrogen/deuterium exchange behavior of the four pairs of deprotonated catechin stereoisomers are observed upon reaction with D(2)O. Interestingly, the nongalloylated catechins undergo H/D exchange to a much greater extent than the galloylated species, incorporating deuterium at both aromatic/allylic and active phenolic sites. Nongalloylated catechin isomers are virtually indistinguishable by their H/D exchange kinetics over a wide range of reaction times (0.05 to 10 s). Our experimental results are explained using high-level ab initio calculations to elucidate the subtle structural variations in the catechin stereoisomers that lead to their differing H/D exchange kinetics.     

Development and validation of a high‐throughput assay for the quantification of multiple green tea‐derived catechins in human plasma

A rapid, accurate and robust method for the determination of catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), gallocatechin (GC), epigallocatechin (EGC), catechin gallate (Cg), epicatechin gallate (ECg), gallocatechin gallate (GCg) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) concentrations in human plasma has been developed. The method utilizes protein precipitation following enzyme hydrolysis, with chromatographic separation and detection using reversed‐phase liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Traditional issues such as lengthy chromatographic runtimes, sample and extract stability, and lack of suitable internal standards have been addressed. The method has been evaluated using a comprehensive validation procedure, confirming linearity over appropriate concentration ranges, and inter/intra‐batch precision and accuracies within suitable thresholds (precisions within 13.8% and accuracies within 12.4%). Recoveries of analytes were found to be consistent between different matrix samples, compensated for using suitable internal markers and within the performance of the instrumentation used. Similarly, chromatographic interferences have been corrected using the internal markers selected. Stability of all analytes in matrix is demonstrated over 32 days and throughout extraction conditions. This method is suitable for high‐throughput sample analysis studies.     

高效液相色谱-质谱法及模式识别法用于鉴别普洱生茶与熟茶

采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术及高效液相色谱法对生熟普洱茶中的主要成分进行定性和定量分析。鉴定出普洱茶水溶液中8种主要成分,分别为没食子酸(GA)、没食子酸儿茶素(GC)、表没食子酸儿茶素(EGC)、儿茶素(C)、咖啡因(CAF)、表儿茶素(EC)、表没食子酸儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)和表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)。以这8种成分的含量为指标,对普洱生茶和熟茶各20批进行主成分分析、聚类分析和判别分析,能准确地区分普洱生茶与熟茶。     

Analysis of tea samples with a multisensor system and capillary electrophoresis

Potential of an “electronic tongue” multisensor system in identification of various tea samples and in quantitative analysis of separate tea components was studied. As a reference method for quantitative analysis of antioxidants of the polyphenolic type served micellar electrokinetic chromatography with a UV detector. The contents of epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, gallic acid, gallocatechin gallate, and caffeine alkaloid in various tea samples were quantitatively estimated.     

Attomole catechins determination by capillary liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

Attomole quantities of catechins were determined by a capillary liquid chromatography system with electrochemical detection (CLC-ECD) and the system is applied to the determination of catechins in human plasma. The eight catechins: catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), gallocatechin (GC), epigallocatechin (EGC), catechin gallate (Cg), epicatechin gallate (ECg), gallocatechin gallate (GCg), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), were separated within 10 min using a capillary column (0.2 mm i.d.) and a mobile phase of phosphoric acid (85%)-methanol-water (0.5:27.5:72.5, v/v/v), and were detected at +0.85 V vs. Ag/AgCl. Peak heights were found to be linearly related to the amount of catechins injected, from 200 amol to 500 fmol (r > 0.998). The detection limits of the catechins were 61 amol for EGC, 75 amol for EC, 54 amol for GC, 61 amol for C, 67 amol for GCg, 75 amol for EGCg, 75 amol for ECg and 89 amol for Cg (S/N = 3). Because the present method is highly sensitive and allows facile pretreatment for plasma sample, the time courses of concentrations of catechins (GCg, EC, EGCg, ECg, and Cg) and their conjugates in human plasma obtained from a 10 microl plasma sample after ingestion of green tea could be determined.     

Probing the Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenols by CIDNP: From Model Compounds to Green Tea and Red Wine

Polyphenols occur naturally in a vast variety of plants. One of their predominant properties is their antioxidant activity. To provide a deeper understanding of the antioxidant mechanism, ¹H CIDNP spectroscopy (CIDNP=chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization) is used to study model hydrogen abstraction reactions with four catechin‐based polyphenols: catechin (CA), gallocatechin (GC), epigallocatechin (EGC), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The experiments involve photoinduced hydrogen‐atom transfer to a hydrogen abstractor (e.g., excited isopropylthioxanthone) followed under steady‐state conditions and in a time‐resolved fashion (resolution 500 ns–1 ms). It is found that hydrogen abstraction is an essentially stochastic process with a slight preference for the B rings in the catechin‐based polyphenols. Remarkably, analogous reactivity patterns could be followed in the “real systems”, green tea and red wine. We also show that CIDNP can be used as a semiquantitative tool to assess chemical reactivity.     

Extraction of Catechin Compounds from Green Tea with a New Green Solvent

An emerging green solvent called a deep eutectic solvent（DES） was applied to the extraction and determination of catechin（C）,（＋）epicatechin gailate（ECG） and （-）epigallocatechin gallate（EGCG） from Chinese green tea.After evaluating different combinations of them by extraction methods and DESs,a DES-based extraction method was established and optimized by a systematic investigation of the influencing factors.As a result,a total of 3.629,35.25 or 114.2 mg/g catechin,（＋）epicatechin gallate or （-）epigaliocatechin gallate were extracted respectively under optimal conditions with extraction efficiencies of 82.7％,92.3％ and 97.0％,respectively.By comparing with other common used solvents for extracting catechin compounds,DESs were proved to be potential extraction solvents for bioactive ingredients.     

茶叶及茶多酚中儿茶素的高效液相色谱分析方法研究

 筛选出HypersilBDSC18和ZorbaxSBC18两种适合同时分离茶叶和茶多酚中 7种儿茶素和咖啡因的反相柱。采用甲醇 水 醋酸 (或三氟醋酸 )作流动相 ,分别以等强度洗脱和梯度洗脱 (均在 30min内 )分离测定了我国 6种不同产地茶叶样品和 3种茶多酚样品中 7种儿茶素的含量。考察了 7种儿茶素和咖啡因的保留值与流动相组成及柱温的关系 ,优化了色谱条件及样品前处理方法。用电喷雾电离质谱 (ESI MS)定性确认没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(GCG)和儿茶素没食子酸酯 (CG)两组分 ,并用高效液相色谱制备两对照品用于定量分析。     

Rapid, direct determination of polyphenols in tea by reversed-phase column liquid chromatography.

Column liquid chromatography on a C18-bonded silica column with water-methanol-acetic acid as eluent was used to determine polyphenols and caffeine in tea. Without any pretreatment, catechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, epicatechin and caffeine were separated successfully within 15 min. The detection limits (S/N = 3) of polyphenols studied were 1.8-24 mg/l at a detection wavelength 270 nm. The linear range of the peak area calibration curves for the analytes were over two orders of magnitude with a correlation coefficient of 0.996-0.999. Using this method, some Chinese tea samples were analyzed with a good reproducibility (RSD are below 5%).