3-Trifluoromethyl- and 3-difluoromethyl-thalidomides

Syntheses of racemic 3-trifluoromethyl- and 3-difluoromethyl-thalidomide starting from 2-(tert-butyloxycarbonylimino)-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate or -3,3-difluoropropionate as fluorine-containing building blocks are described.     

KMgF3:Ce3+,Tb3+纳米粒子中Ce3+→Tb3+的发光及能量传递

利用微乳液方法,合成了铈、铽共掺杂的氟镁钾纳米粒子,研究了体系中Ce3+→Tb3+的发光特性以及它们之间的相互作用,结果表明KMgF3:Ce3+Tb3+纳米粒子中存在Ce3+→Tb3+的能量传递过程,即Ce3+可以将吸收的能量直接传递给Tb3+离子,使得Tb3+的绿色发光强度大为增加.     

GdF3∶Er3+，Yb3+的合成和上转换发光特性

采用水热法制备了Er3 离子浓度为3%,yb3 离子浓度分别为10%,20%的GdF3:Er3 ,Yb3 .XRD结果表明:合成的样品均为正交结构的GdF3,Cd0.87Yb0.10Er0.03F3和Gd0.77Yb0.20Er0.03F3样品的晶粒尺寸分别为28和26 nm.研究了980 nm红外光激发的上转换发射光谱.结果表明:红光和绿光发射分别来自于Er3 离子的2H11/2,4S3/2→4I15/2和4F9/2→4I15/2跃迁.样品的绿光发射强度较红光发射强.但绿光和红光发射的相对强度比例与Yb3 离子浓度有关.对Gd0.87Yb0.10Er0.03F3和Gd0.77Yb0.20Er0.03F3样品中可能的上转换发光机制进行了讨论.     

Dy3+在Ba3La(BO3)3 中的光致发光

研究了Ba3La(BO3)3 基质中Dy3 的光致发光特性; 探讨了RE3 的电荷半径比(z/r)和Ce3 , Dy3 含量对Dy3 发光强度及发光颜色的影响; 分析了Ba3La(BO3)3 中Ce3 对Dy3 发光的敏化作用; 确定了Dy3 的 4F9/2→6H15/2及4F9/2→6H13/2跃迁发射的浓度猝灭机制均为电偶极-电四极相互作用.     

Facile Syntheses of 3-Isopentenyl Flavone and 3-Geranyl Flavone

Although there was a strong steric effect, isopentenyl and geranyl moieties were successfully introduced into C3 position in flavone skeleton so as to synthesize the 3-isopentenyl flavone and 3-geranyl flavone under two cyclization conditions(AcOH/HCl and concentrated H₂SO₄/MeOH) in this report. It was found that the optimum cyclization conditions for 3-isopentenyl flavone and 3-geranyl flavone were, respectively, AcOH/HCl and H₂SO₄/MeOH. Furthermore, the donating electron ability is in the sequence 3-geranyl flavone>3-isopentenyl flavone according to the density functional theory(DFT) calculations, suggesting the longer alkyl chain at 3-position would be more favorable for enhancing the donating electron ability. The present synthetic routes might reveal potential applicability in our continued studies on the total syntheses of other natural 3-alkyl flavonoids.     

Er^3＋／Yb^3＋：Sr3Y2（BO3）4晶体的光谱和激光性质

采用提拉法生长了双掺Yb3+和Er3+离子浓度分别为18.63%和0.87%(原子分数)的Sr3Y2(BO3)4晶体.利用测量的偏振吸收谱结合Judd-Ofeh理论,拟合得到了该晶体中Er3+离子的偏振和有效J-O参数.测量了Er3+离子4I13/2能级和Yb3+离子2F5/2能级的荧光衰减曲线,并计算了4I13/2能级的荧光量子效率和Yb3+到Er3+的能量传递效率.利用Fuchtbauer-Ladenberg公式计算了Er3+离子4I13/2→4I15/2跃迁的偏振受激发射截面.在平-凹谐振腔中,利用97nm波长光纤耦合准连续半导体激光端面泵浦1.12mm厚的该晶体,当输出镜透过率为1.5%时,获得了最大输出功率为1.3 w和斜率效率为20%的1560 nm附近的激光输出.结果表明,Er3+/Yb3+:Sr3+Y2+(BO3)4晶体是一种优良的1.5～1.6 μm波段激光的增益介质.     

Michael condensation of 3-arylidene-3H-pyrrol-2-ones and 3-arylidene-3H-furan-2-ones with cyclohexanone

The Michael condensation in the series of 5-aryl-3-arylidene-3H-pyrrol-2-ones and 5-aryl-3-arylidene-3H-furan-2-ones, containing an activated C=C bond, with cyclohexanone was investigated. It was shown that the condensation products were 1,5-dicarbonyl compounds containing a heterocyclic fragment. The enolization of one of the oxo groups, leading to the formation of hydroxypyrrole or hydroxyfuran structures, was demonstrated by the spectral data. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 823–827, June, 2007.     

PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3(PMN)和PbMg1/3Nb2/3-PbTiO3(PMNT)中几咱种局域结构与晶格形变的从头算研究

建立了钙钛矿结构铌镁酸铅PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3(PMN)的2×2×3复晶胞模型;采用ab initio方法讨论了PMN晶体各种可能构型的稳定性:选取了PMN 三种高、中、低稳定性的代表构型,并对Ti替换B位离子后的结构进行了结构优化.计算结果表明复晶胞刚性模犁的最低和最高能量差约0.74 a.u.(1940 kJ);Pb2+离子结构框架的形变是PMN晶格发生形变的丰要因素;在不考虑被替换离子电荷差异的情况下,MgO6含量越少越有利于Ti离子替换Nb与晶胞的形变.PMNT材料中构型的分布和局域形变取决于生长PMNT材料的工艺过程.     

PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 (PMN)和PbMg1/3Nb2/3-PbTiO3 (PMNT)中几种局域结构与晶格形变的从头算研究

建立了钙钛矿结构铌镁酸铅PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3(PMN)的2×2×3复晶胞模型; 采用ab initio方法讨论了PMN晶体各种可能构型的稳定性; 选取了PMN三种高、中、低稳定性的代表构型, 并对Ti替换B位离子后的结构进行了结构优化. 计算结果表明复晶胞刚性模型的最低和最高能量差约0.74 a.u. (1940 kJ); Pb2＋离子结构框架的形变是PMN晶格发生形变的主要因素; 在不考虑被替换离子电荷差异的情况下, MgO6含量越少越有利于Ti离子替换Nb与晶胞的形变. PMNT材料中构型的分布和局域形变取决于生长PMNT材料的工艺过程.     

BaLiF3:Ce 3+纳米粒子的制备及其光谱特性

BaLiF3属立方钙钛矿型复合氟化物, 作为高效闪烁晶体可用于热中子检测［1］. 由于其能带隙宽, 易于实现各种不同价态稀土离子掺杂, 可以获得许多可调谐性质, 因此它也是比较理想的光学功能材料的基质［2］. Ce3+激活的BaLiF3晶体作为紫外发射的短波固体激光材料和光放大材料的研究多有报道［3~5］     

花瓣形YBO3:Eu3+发光薄膜的制备与表征

稀土正硼酸盐(REBO3)在真空紫外光谱区具有很好的透明性和高的损伤阈值,是重要的VUV荧光材料基质[1,2].例如,YBO3∶Eu3 在VUV光谱区有强的吸收和很好的发光效率,是目前最好的红色VUV荧光材料之一.     

3-cyclobutyl-3-ferrocenylcyclopropene and 3-cyclobutylidene-3-ferrocenylpropyne Synthesis and chemical properties

3-Cyclobutyl-3-ferrocenylcyclopropene was synthesized by the reactions of mono- or dibromoferrocenylcyclopropanes with Bu^tOK in DMSO. Treatment of dibromoferro-cenylcyclopropane with Bu^tOK in THF afforded 3-cyclobutylidene-3-ferrocenylpropyne in 52% yield. Heterolysis of the C-C bond in the three-membered ring of 3-cyclobutyl-3-ferrocenylcyclopropene at low and high temperatures was studied. Hydrolysis yielded 3-cyclobutyl-1H-cyclopentaferrocene and products with linear structures,viz., 3-cyclobutylidene-3-ferrocenylpropene,E- andZ-I-ferrocenyl-1-cyclobutylpropenes, and 1-cyclobutylidene-1-ferrocenylacetone. Cyclopropene reacts with 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran to form two Diels-Alder adducts, while the enyne does not react with 1,3-diphenylbenzofuran. Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, C.P. 04510, México D. F., México. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2177–2181, November, 1999.     

Die Perthioborate RbBS3, TIBS3 und TI3B3S10

The Perthioborates RbBS₃, TIBS₃, and Tl₃B₃S₁₀ . RbBS₃ (P2₁/c, a=7.082(2) Å, b=11.863(4) Å, c=5.794(2) Å, β=106.54(2)°) was prepared as colourless, plate-shaped crystals by reaction of stoichiometric amounts of rubidium sulfide, boron, and sulfur at 600°C and subsequent annealing. TlBS₃ (P2₁/c, a=6.874(3) Å, b=11.739(3) Å, c=5.775(2) Å, β=113.08(2)°) which is isotypic with RbBS₃ was synthesized from a sample of the composition Tl₂S · 2 B₂S₃. The glassy product which was obtained after 7 h at 850°C was annealed in a two zone furnace for 400 h at 400→350°C. Yellow crystals of TlBS₃ formed at the warmer side of the furnace. Tl₃B₃S₁₀ (P1 , a=6.828(2) Å, b=7.713(2) Å, c=13.769(5) Å, α=104.32(2)°, β=94.03(3)°, γ=94.69(2)°) was prepared as yellow plates from stoichiometric amounts of thallium sulfide, boron, and sulfur at 850°C and subsequent annealing. All compounds contain tetrahedrally coordinated boron. The crystal structures consist of polymeric anion chains. In the case of RbBS₃ and TlBS₃ nonplanar five-membered B₂S₃ rings are spirocyclically connected via the boron atoms. To obtain the anionic structure of Tl₃B₃S₁₀ every third B₂S₃ ring of the polymeric chains of MBS₃ is to be substituted by a six-membered B(S₂)₂B ring.     

白光LED用荧光材料Ba3 Gd( BO3 )3:Eu3+的发光性能研究

用高温固相反应法制备了稀土离子Eu3+ 掺杂的三元稀土硼酸盐Ba3Gd(BO3)3发光材料, 通过X射线衍射 (XRD) 、荧光光谱和扫描电镜 (SEM) 等测试手段对Ba3Gd(BO3)3:Eu3+ 荧光粉的制备条件、发光性能以及形貌进行了研究. XRD结果表明, 在1000 ℃时可得到Ba3Gd(BO3)3 纯相. 扫描电镜照片显示颗粒基本为球形, 粒径约为200～400 nm. 发光光谱测试表明, Ba3Gd(BO3)3:Eu3+荧光粉在近紫外区(UV) (396 nm)和蓝光区(466 nm)可以被有效地激发, 分别用255和396 nm的紫外光激发样品时, 以Eu3+ 的 5D0-7F2 (611和616 nm) 超灵敏跃迁为主要发射峰. 当Eu3+的掺杂浓度为10%(摩尔分数)时, Ba3Gd(BO3)3:Eu3+ 在611和616 nm处的发光强度最大. 因此, 这种荧光粉是一种可能应用在白光LED上的红色荧光材料.     

Fe3O4@Gd2O3:Eu3+磁光双功能复合粒子的制备与表征

采用水热法合成了Fe3O4@Gd2O3:Eu3+核壳结构磁光双功能复合粒子,对其结构和性能进行了表征.XRD分析表明:700℃煅烧后Fe3O4表面包覆上了结晶良好的立方晶系的Gd2O3:Eu3+.TEM照片表明:所得的复合粒子具有明显的核壳结构和完美的球形,构成核的Fe3O4颗粒的尺寸在200～300 nm之间,Fe3...     

Computational studies on acyclic amidyl radicals: Π and Σ states and conformations

Restricted open and unrestricted Becke3LYP/6-31+G(d) calculations on Π and Σ states as well as equilibrium geometries of the formamidyl radical (1) and four of its dialkyl substituted derivatives 2–5 have been carried out. While all radicals studied are significantly twisted about the RN–C(O) bond and show a Π-type total spin density, the calculations confirm the special status of N-tert-butyl acetamidyl (4) that was found with EPR spectroscopy. Each of the torsional double-minimum potentials of N-methyl and N-isopropyl radicals 2, 3, and 5 shows a low barrier to interconversion for two equivalent conformers whereas 4 is situated in a steeper well with a larger twist angle which explains reported EPR ¹³C hyperfine splittings.     

La(NO3)3和Pr(NO3)3对高岭石脱羟基动力学的影响

采用热重和微商热重(TG/DTA)综合热分析技术在不同升温速率下研究了掺入La(NO₃)₃和Pr(NO₃)₃的高岭石的热分解过程, 利用Coats-Redfern积分法和Achar微分法对热分析实验数据进行动力学计算, 得到了高岭石脱羟基反应过程中的控制机理函数、 活化能和指前因子等动力学参数; 分析了2种稀土掺入对高岭石脱羟基过程动力学参数的影响, 并用Ozawa法对活化能进行了验证. 结果表明, 未掺稀土和掺入Pr(NO₃)₃的高岭石的脱羟基反应过程均受化学反应模型F₃控制, 反应的活化能分别为307.94和282.86 kJ/mol, 指前因子lnA的值分别为47.8980和44.1718; 掺入La(NO₃)₃的高岭石脱羟基反应过程控制机理函数发生改变, 受化学反应模型F₂控制, 反应活化能为196.02 kJ/mol, 指前因子lnA的值为29.5551. 与未掺稀土的高岭石对比, 掺入Pr(NO₃)₃后活化能和指前因子略有降低; 而掺入La(NO₃)₃后则显著降低, 分别降低了36.34%和38.30%. 采用Ozawa法验证得到的活化能与Coats-Redfern积分法和Achar微分法结果一致.     

Er3+,Sm3+掺杂纳米晶体NaNbO3的合成和上转换发光研究

首先用水热法合成了NaNbO3样品,然后用固相法分别合成了NaNbO3,NaNbO3:Er3+,NaNbO3:Sm3+样品,X射线衍射结果表明所制备的粉体NaNbO3(水热法200℃和固相法900℃退火),NaNbO3:Er3+(900℃退火),NaNbO3:Sm3+(900℃退火)为立方相结构,在退火温度800,950和1000℃时是正交晶系,长方体结构.该粉末在980 nm LD激发下,分别发射出中心波长约为526 nm绿色,547nm绿色和662 nm红色(掺Er3+)、526 nm绿色,550 nm绿色和660 nm红色(掺Sm3+)的上转换荧光.探讨了Er3+,Sm3+的上转换发光机制.研究了晶体的对称性和退火温度对NaNbO3:Er3+样品上转换发光强度的影响,结果表明,随着晶体的对称性降低和退火温度的提高,NaNbO3:Er3+样品的上转换发光强度增强.     

Electrochemical oxidation of 3-imidazoline 3-oxides

Cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical oxidation of substituted 3-imidazoline 3-oxides. It was determined that the oxidation potentials (E _p/2) of the compounds depend on the nature of the substituents in the 1 and 4 positions of the ring. A correlation analysis ofE _p/2 of the the compounds and _I and _R of the substituent constants in the 4 position of the ring was carried out. The obtained results show that oxidation of 3-imidazoline 3-oxides can occur at the nitrone or amine fragment, depending on the nature of the substituent in the 1 position of the ring.Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2545–2550, November, 1992.     

Adsorption of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane at platinum electrodes

In this work we studied the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formation of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane [HS(CH₂)₃Si(OCH₃)₃] (MPS) and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane [H₂N(CH₂)₃Si(OCH₃)₃] (APS) on platinum surfaces. We used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), specular reflectance FTIR, and electrochemistry to study the composition and structure of the self-assembly. XPS results of the Pt modified electrodes showed the presence of sulfur and nitrogen binding energy peaks indicating the presence of MPS and APS. The platinum substrates modified with MPS and APS showed IR absorption bands corresponding to the different stretches present in both compounds. Platinum disk electrodes, before and after being submerged in 1 mM solutions of MPS and APS for 24 h, were characterized voltammetrically by using 2.5 mM K₄Fe(CN)₆ in 0.1 M KCl, as the redox active couple. The MPS/Pt system is free of mass transfer effects, which are characteristic of pinhole defects in an MPS monolayer.