基于石墨烯超材料的宽频带太赫兹吸收器

为了拓展太赫兹吸收器的相对吸收带宽,设计了一种基于石墨烯超材料的超薄、宽频带、可调谐的太赫兹吸收器,其由图案化石墨烯层、电介质层和金属反射底板层叠构成。仿真结果表明：该吸收器在4.48 THz频率处的吸收率为99.98%,通过调节石墨烯的化学势可使该频点处的吸收率变化至25.08%;同时,该吸收器表现出对入射波极化不敏感的吸收特性,且在太赫兹波倾斜入射的情况下仍能保持一定的宽频带吸收特性。在此基础上设计了基于三层图案化石墨烯的太赫兹吸收器,其可进一步拓展吸收频带宽度,仿真结果表明该吸收器在1.90～5.49 THz频率之间的吸收率高于90%,相对吸收带宽为97%。     

基于相变材料的慢光和吸收可切换多功能太赫兹超材料

基于相变材料Ge₂Sb₂Te₅(GST)设计了一种太赫兹超材料,在太赫兹波段实现了慢光和吸收功能的切换.该超材料由三部分构成,分别是金环构成的微结构层、SiO₂介质层和GST薄膜.研究结果表明:当GST薄膜处于绝缘态时,由于两个谐振环的电磁诱导透明效应,入射THz光脉冲通过该THz超材料时群速度会减慢,最大群延迟可以达到3.6 ps;当GST薄膜转变为金属态时, THz超材料可实现双波段吸收,在0.365 THz处吸收率可以达到97%,在0.609 THz处吸收率可以实现完美吸收(吸收率100%).另外还研究了该THz超材料的入射光偏振不敏感特性,发现当入射光脉冲的偏振角从0°变化到90°时, THz超材料的慢光和吸收特性不受影响.所设计的THz超材料在光缓存器、光传感器、光开关等领域具有潜在的应用价值.     

缺陷组合嵌入VO2薄膜结构的可调太赫兹吸收器

提出一种多缺陷组合嵌入VO2薄膜结构的可调太赫兹吸收器,它由上表面金属图案层、基体和底层金属板三层结构组成,在上表面和基体之间嵌入二氧化钒介质.计算结果表明在f=4.08 THz和f=4.33 THz两频点吸收率分别为99.8%和99.9%.通过改变外界环境温度可控制二氧化钒相变,从而使两个频点吸收率从99.8%变化到1.0%.改变入射角和偏振态,计算结果表明在入射角0°-40°,吸收器在TE和TM两种极化波下吸收率都能在98%以上.该太赫兹波吸收器具有高吸收、动态调谐、极化不敏感等特性,本文所设计的可调太赫兹吸收器在太赫兹波相关领域,例如探测器、开关、动态调制器、隐身技术等方面具有很好的应用前景.     

太赫兹超材料吸收器的逆向设计

提出一种顶层图案为圆环加双开口谐振环结构的吸收器,并通过神经网络实现太赫兹超材料吸收器结构参数的逆向设计。该神经网络由输入层、输出层和5层隐藏层构成,输入为所需吸收率和品质因子,根据电磁共振理论将3个结构参数设定为输出。仿真结果表明,该吸收器在1.192 THz频率处的吸收率可达99.99%,在1.22 THz频率处品质因子可达31.7,其吸收性能与目标性能的误差最小为0.9%。所提方法显著简化了吸收器的设计过程,为太赫兹超材料的快速发展提供可能。     

THz谐振腔型石墨烯光电探测器的设计

由于石墨烯在太赫兹波范围内只发生带内跃迁,相比在可见光范围内,其光学吸收特性有显著优势,通过集成石墨烯与谐振腔,将太赫兹波限制在腔内,可进一步增强石墨烯对太赫兹波的吸收.采用麦克斯韦方程组并结合电磁场边界条件,研究了单层石墨烯在太赫兹波段范围内的光吸收机理;推导出石墨烯的传输矩阵和吸收系数方程,发现在太赫兹波段石墨烯的吸收是在可见光波段吸收的9—22倍;通过建立谐振腔型石墨烯光电探测器在太赫兹波段的光吸收模型及求解探测器吸收率方程,发现在0.12 THz处,吸收率可达0.965,相比无腔状态下石墨烯在太赫兹波段的最大吸收率0.5,提高了93%;优化设计器件结构参数并表征,最终器件响应度最高达到236.7 A/W,半高全宽为0.035 THz.理论分析表明,采用谐振腔型石墨烯光电探测器对太赫兹波进行探测,具有高吸收率、高响应度.研究结果对于太赫兹谐振腔型石墨烯光电探测器的设计和应用提供了理论参考.     

基于圆台结构的超宽带极化不敏感太赫兹吸收器

本文提出一种基于圆台形吸收单元的超宽带、极化不敏感的超材料太赫兹吸收器. 该超材料吸收器采用金属薄膜金和介质层二氧化硅交替叠加的多层结构. 采用商业软件CST Studio Suite 2009时域求解器计算了其在0–10 THz波段内的吸收率A（ω）,在2–10 THz之间实现了对入射太赫兹波的超宽频带强吸收. 仿真结果表明,由于其圆台形单元结构,在器件垂直方向上形成一系列不同尺寸的微型吸收器,产生了吸收频点相连的多频吸收峰. 利用不同吸收峰的耦合叠加效应,获得超过8 THz的超宽带太赫兹波吸收,吸收强度达到92.3%以上. 这一结构具有超宽带强吸收,360°极化不敏感以及易于加工等优越特性,因而在太赫兹波探测器、光谱成像以及隐身技术方面具有潜在的应用. 关键词： 太赫兹波 超材料吸收器 圆台结构 超宽带     

基于双尺度4分离层优化的石墨烯太赫兹宽带吸波结构

为实现对未来远程太赫兹雷达的高效对抗与隐身,针对典型太赫兹雷达工作频率设计了一种石墨烯太赫兹宽带吸波结构。宽带吸波结构以表层金属层/石墨烯层/介质层/底层金属层为基本吸波结构单元,利用遗传算法对双尺度基本吸波结构单元进行4分离层优化设计,确定宽带吸波结构的各层结构参数。仿真结果表明:宽带吸波结构在0.138 THz～2 THz频率范围内吸收效率优于80%,在0.157 THz～2 THz频率范围内吸收效率优于97.46%,典型太赫兹雷达工作频率处吸收效率均优于92.27%,满足太赫兹雷达对抗与隐身要求。     

线极化与圆极化波均可吸收的太赫兹超表面

利用VO₂嵌入超表面设计了一种实现不同频率,且线极化和圆极化两种模式入射下均产生高效率吸收的太赫兹超表面.当VO₂为绝缘态时,设计的超表面对圆极化波的旋向产生选择性吸收,在1.30 THz处对左旋圆极化波产生的吸收率大于95%,对右旋圆极化波不吸收,圆二色性为0.85.当VO₂为金属态时,在1.95 THz处,该超表面对TE线极化入射波吸收率达到98.5%.结果表明,在线极化和圆极化波入射下,所设计的超表面结构具有良好的广角吸收性能.由于它具有形态简单、易于加工等特点,在太赫兹波传感、成像和通信领域具有广阔的应用前景.     

基于超材料的可调谐的太赫兹波宽频吸收器

随着频谱资源的日益稀缺,太赫兹波技术在近十几年的时间里得到了越来越多的关注,并取得了巨大的进展.由于高吸收、超薄厚度、频率选择性和设计灵活性等优势,超材料吸收器在太赫兹波段备受关注.本文设计了一种"T"型结构的超材料太赫兹吸收器,同时获得了太赫兹多频吸收器和太赫兹波宽频可调谐吸收器.它们结构参数一致,唯一的区别是在太赫兹波宽频可调谐吸收器的顶端超材料层上添加了一块方形光敏硅.这种吸收器都是三层结构,均由金属基板、匹配电介质层以及顶端超材料层组成.仿真结果表明,太赫兹波多频吸收器拥有6个吸收率超过90%的吸收峰,其平均吸收率高达96.34%.而太赫兹波宽频可调谐吸收器通过改变硅电导率,可以控制吸收频带的存在与否,同时可以调整吸收峰的频率位置,使吸收峰频率在一个频带宽度大约为30 GHz的范围内调整.当硅的电导率为1600 S/m时,吸收率超过90%的频带宽度达到240 GHz,而且其峰值吸收率达到99.998%.     

基于超材料的偏振不敏感太赫兹宽带吸波体设计

本文设计了一种基于超材料的偏振不敏感太赫兹宽带吸波体.吸波体包含两层金属和一层中间介质,表面金属层每一个周期单元由五种尺寸接近的金属块按照相邻不同的规律排列成5×5的方形阵列.各种尺寸金属块分别产生单峰谐振吸收,五个谐振吸收峰相互靠近从而产生宽带吸收.通过研究吸波体表面电流和电场z分量分布情况可知,入射太赫兹能量的吸收主要是由y方向上电场引起的电偶极子振荡和z方向上磁场引起的磁极化产生,而且金属层的欧姆损耗起主要作用.仿真结果表明,吸波体吸收率在80%以上的带宽约为1.2 THz,最高吸收率可达98.7%,半峰全宽(FWHM)为1.6 THz,该宽带吸波体的厚度约为中心波长的二十分之一,对偏振方向不敏感,且能实现大角度吸收,在太赫兹频段的电磁隐身、测辐射热探测器以及宽带通信等领域有潜在的应用价值.     

An Ultra-Broadband Chirality Selective Metastructure Absorber using High Impedance Surface

In this paper, an ultra-wideband chirality selective metastructure absorber is proposed that enables differential absorption and reflection of circularly polarized waves in the terahertz (THz) range. The structure achieves circular dichroism (CD) by using asymmetrically split metal rings as fundamental meta-atoms. Most critically, the high impedance surface and air-resonant cavities are inserted separately in the meta-atoms and dielectric substrate to enhance CD and broaden the bandwidth of absorption. The metastructure absorber can achieve more than 90% absorption of right circularly polarized waves at 0.675–1.244 THz, and it can maintain more than 90% reflection of left circularly polarized waves at 0.607–1.229 THz without changing the direction of rotation. Besides, its CD can reach more than 80% at 0.687–1.213 THz with a relative bandwidth of 55.3%. Spin-selective absorption, which is closely related to breaking chiral symmetry, is investigated through power loss distribution, wide-angle incidence, and scan parameter optimization. The proposed strategy is further validated in the THz band, and the polarization selection and manipulation techniques can be applied to chiral sensing/radio-thermometry, circular polarization detectors/lasers, and molecular spectroscopy.     

基于太赫兹光谱技术的光学系统设计及应用

太赫兹脉冲信号在频域上具有“指纹频谱”特性,利用该性质可以对物质进行定性分析。借助Zemax软件的光学分析与优化功能,设计了二次非球面TPX平凸透镜,提高了透镜对太赫兹波束的聚集能力;采用平凸透镜设计了太赫兹波束整形光学系统,并将该光学系统用于太赫兹时域光谱系统中,对盐酸莫西沙星和左氧氟沙星进行太赫兹光谱测试,经过算法处理后得到二者在频域上的吸收系数与折射率曲线。测试结果表明:左氧氟沙星的折射率在0.1 THz～3.5 THz波段要比盐酸莫西沙星高,但是盐酸莫西沙星的折射率变化更加平缓;盐酸莫西沙星在1.03 THz、1.92 THz、2.58 THz、2.84 THz处具有明显的吸收峰,左氧氟沙星在1.35 THz、1.96 THz、2.52 THz、2.73 THz处具有明显的吸收峰。     

A terahertz polarization insensitive dual band metamaterial absorber

Metamaterial absorbers have attracted considerable attention for applications in the terahertz range. In this Letter, we report the design, fabrication, and characterization of a terahertz dual band metamaterial absorber that shows two distinct absorption peaks with high absorption. By manipulating the periodic patterned structures as well as the dielectric layer thickness of the metal-dielectric-metal structure, significantly high absorption can be obtained at specific resonance frequencies. Finite-difference time-domain modeling is used to design the structure of the absorber. The fabricated devices have been characterized using a Fourier transform IR spectrometer. The experimental results show two distinct absorption peaks at 2.7 and 5.2?THz, which are in good agreement with the simulation. The absorption magnitudes at 2.7 and 5.2?THz are 0.68 and 0.74, respectively.     

Dual-function terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide and graphene

A dual-function terahertz metasurface based on VO₂ and graphene is proposed in this paper. It consists of a gold layer embedded with VO₂ patches, a SiO₂ spacer layer, a VO₂ layer, graphene and a SiO₂ spacer substrate. When the bottom VO₂ layer is in the metallic state, the designed metasurface can achieve absorption. When the top VO₂ patches are in the metallic state, the proposed metasurface can be used as a single-band absorber with terahertz absorptance of 99.7% at 0.736 THz. When the top VO₂ patches are in the insulating state, the designed structure behaves as a dual-band absorber with an absorptance of 98.9% at 0.894 THz and 99.9% at 1.408 THz. In addition, the absorber is polarization insensitive and keeps good performance at large angles of incidence. When the bottom VO₂ is in an insulating state, the metasurface shows electromagnetically induced transparency. The transparent window can be dynamically regulated by controlling the chemical potential of graphene. The proposed metasurface exhibits the advantages of terahertz absorption, electromagnetically induced transparency and dynamic control, which provides more options for the design of terahertz devices in the future.     

Actively tunable dual-broadband graphene-based terahertz metamaterial absorber

A tunable metamaterial absorber (MA) with dual-broadband and high absorption properties at terahertz (THz) frequencies is designed in this work. The MA consists of a periodic array of flower-like monolayer graphene patterns at top, a SiO₂ dielectric spacer in middle, and a gold ground plane at the bottom. The simulation results demonstrate that the designed MA has two wide absorption bands with an absorption of over 90% in frequency ranges of 0.68 THz-1.63 THz and 3.34 THz-4.08 THz, and the corresponding relative bandwidths reach 82.3% and 20%, respectively. The peak absorptivity of the absorber can be dynamically controlled from less than 10% to nearly 100% by adjusting the graphene chemical potential from 0 eV to 0.9 eV. Furthermore, the designed absorber is polarization-insensitive and has good robustness to incident angles. Such a high-performance MA has broad application prospects in THz imaging, modulating, filtering, etc.     

Realization of THz dualband absorber with periodic cross-shaped graphene metamaterials

A dualband terahertz(THz) absorber including periodically distributed cross-shaped graphene arrays and a gold layer spaced by a thin dielectric layer is investigated.Numerical results reveal that the THz absorber displays two perfect absorption peaks.To elucidate the resonant behavior, the LC model is introduced to fit the spectra.Moreover, the strength and linewidth of the absorption peak can be effectively tuned with structural parameters and the relaxation time of graphene.Owing to its rotational symmetry, this THz absorber exhibits polarization insensitivity.Our designed absorber is a promising candidate in applications of tunable optical sensors and optical filters.     

Polarization insensitive, broadband terahertz metamaterial absorber

We present the simulation, implementation, and measurement of a polarization insensitive broadband resonant terahertz metamaterial absorber. By stacking metal-insulator layers with differing structural dimensions, three closely positioned resonant peaks are merged into one broadband absorption spectrum. Greater than 60% absorption is obtained across a frequency range of 1.86?THz where the central resonance frequency is 5?THz. The FWHM of the device is 48%, which is two and half times greater than the FWHM of a single layer structure. Such metamaterials are promising candidates as absorbing elements for bolometric terahertz imaging.     

基于二氧化钒宽、窄带可切换的双功能超材料吸收器研究

本文提出了一种宽、窄带可切换的双功能超材料吸收器.在超材料吸收器的结构中,引入了相变材料二氧化钒(VO2),仅利用单个可切换超表面就能实现不同的功能,其不同功能之间的相互转换通过VO2绝缘态和金属态之间的可逆相变特性实现.当VO2处于金属态时,设计的结构可以看作一个超材料宽带吸收器.仿真结果表明,在1.55THz至2....