利用纳米球提高红外波长上转换探测器效率

在红外波长上转换探测器氮化硅(SiN_x)钝化层制作单层六角密排的二氧化硅(SiO_2)纳米球阵列,以提高红外波长上转换探测器的整体效率.采用自组装的方法在器件钝化层上制备了直径分别约为300,450,750和1000 nm的SiO_2纳米球,并与无表面微纳结构器件进行对比测试.结果表明:钝化层附着SiO_2纳米球能有效地提高红外波长上转换器的光提取效率;当SiO_2纳米球直径为750 nm时的光提取效率最优,是无表面微纳结构器件的2.6倍,可实现低成本制作高效率红外波长上转换探测器.     

利用截头圆锥形仿生蛾眼结构提高LED光提取效率

为提高发光二极管(LED)光提取效率,根据等效介质理论在LED钝化层(SiNx)表面设计并制作了一种截头圆锥形微结构阵列。通过模拟重点分析了微结构的底面占空比、底面直径、高度和倾角对提高LED光提取效率的影响,得出微结构的底面占空比为0.55、底面半径为220nm、高度为245nm、侧面倾角为70°时器件的光提取效率最优,是无表面微结构器件的4.85倍。采用纳米球刻蚀技术在LED钝化层表面制备该亚波长纳米结构,并与无表面微结构的LED芯片进行电致发光对比测试。结果表明,制作有微结构的样品在20 mA和150 mA工作电流下的发光效率是无微结构参考样品的4.41倍和4.36倍,计算结果与实验结果比较一致,说明在LED钝化层制作该结构可有效提高光提取效率。     

基于亚波长人工微结构的电磁波减反增透研究进展

电磁波抗反射技术在太阳能电池、光学透镜、红外传感、探测器等众多应用场景中至关重要,长久以来一直是先进光学系统、光电器件研究领域热点方向之一.本文简略回顾了传统的减反的理论与方法;侧重介绍了近几年来基于亚波长人工微结构材料的电磁波减反增透相关研究进展,主要内容包括局域表面等离激元抑制光反射增强光耦合,传播表面等离激元局域共振模式诱导高透隧穿,超构材料诱导金属透明,人工微结构超表面红外、太赫兹减反等若干典型工作;探讨了亚波长人工微结构光学减反领域未来的发展方向与其所可能遇到的问题挑战.     

红外波长上转换器件中载流子阻挡结构的研究

复杂半导体材料结构中的载流子分布特性对器件性能有重要影响. 本文针对一种新型的波长上转换红外探测器, 研究了载流子阻挡结构对载流子分布和器件特性的影响. 论文通过自洽求解薛定谔方程、泊松方程、电流连续性方程和载流子速率方程分析了不同器件结构中的空穴分布. 同时, 生长了相应结构的外延材料, 并通过电致荧光谱分析了载流子阻挡结构对器件特性的影响. 结果表明, 2 nm厚的AlAs势垒层既能有效阻挡空穴又不影响电子输运, 有利于制作波长上转换红外探测器. 此外, 论文分析了阻挡势垒层的厚度和高度以及工作温度对载流子分布的影响. 本文研究结果亦可应用于其他载流子非均匀分布的半导体器件.     

我国第一支量子阱红外探测器

量子阱红外探测器是一种新型红外探测器.它是利用新型半导体超晶格量子阱材料的子能带光跃迁的红外吸收特性制成的.它具有响应快、灵敏度高、可变波长、可变带宽等特点,并有实现大面积集成和制作大面积二维象素列阵的实际可能性,将成为新一代红外探测器件,在未来五到十年内可能引起红外物理、红外光电子学及其应用领域的变革.两年前,美国贝尔实验室已研制出可与历史悠久的HgCdTe红外探测器性能相比较的GaAs/AlGaAs量子阱探测器. 中国科学院物理研究所从1989年开始,就在器件材料生长、器件物理、器件工艺及器件的性能测试等方面,着手进行…     

GaN基薄膜LED倒装芯片表面结构设计及光萃取效率研究

利用FDTD方法研究具有表面微纳结构氮化镓基倒装薄膜LED芯片的光萃取效率。通过优化表面结构并研究了器件的光萃取效率随p-Ga N层厚的变化。研究发现,具有表面光子晶体和六棱锥结构的器件的光萃取效率最大值比无表面微结构器件分别提高了56%和97%。尽管两种表面结构都能有效提高器件的光萃取效率,然而采用光子晶体的方案对p-Ga N厚度和腔长要求极为苛刻。采用六棱锥结构则不仅可以获得更高的光萃取效率,并且还将大大降低实验上材料外延生长及器件制备的难度。     

上转换探测在脉冲CP_2激光雷达中的应用

本文研究了上转换探测器在脉冲CO_2激光雷达中的应用。该器件中的非线性红外晶体可把10微米波长的激光雷达辐射,转变为用一般的光电倍增管即可探测的可见光辐射。用上传换探测器可以显著地改善脉冲CO_2光雷达的性能,配置这种上转换探测器是利用上转换信号的窄带滤光器或前端的冷却滤光器来抑制热背景辐射。具有窄带可见光波滤光器的上转换探测器的灵敏度估计要比用光电二极管直接探测高两数个量级。冷滤光器可以使上转换探测几乎达到信号噪声极限。这些上转换探测器也象脉冲外差探测器一样,不会受斑点噪声的限制。     

温度对量子阱红外探测器峰值波长的影响

量子阱红外探测器(QWIP)是一种对红外辐射信息进行高灵敏度感应的光电转换器件,温度是影响其性能的一个参数.文章以超晶格量子阱发射与干涉电子态理论和吸收波长公式为依据,通过计算温度对势阱、势垒宽度和势垒高度的影响,得出量子阱红外探测器峰值波长与温度的变化关系.发现:当温度升高时,探测峰值发生改变,其中有两处峰值发生红移,一处发生蓝移.这对精确分析红外辐射携带信息和制作非制冷量子阱红外探测器提供了理论指导.     

甚长波量子阱红外探测器光栅耦合的研究

采用平面波展开的散射矩阵方法研究n型甚长波量子阱红外探测器的二维衍射光栅，并同时从实验方面研究了其红外透射光谱.研究表明，n型量子阱器件的光栅耦合是传输场和倏逝场共同作用的结果.对于n型量子阱红外探测器的光栅耦合，光栅周期、光栅深度和占空比三者之间相互影响；要达到好的光学耦合效果，需要根据量子阱器件的峰值探测波长选择合适的光栅参数. 关键词： n型量子阱红外探测器 二维光栅 光耦合     

基于OLED显示单元的红外上转换器件研究进展

综述了不同类型上转换器件的的研究进展, 包括性能优化、器件集成以及物理机制。其中基于OLED的红外上转换器件将红外探测器与OLED串联集成起来, 使近红外光首先被吸收, 进而光生电流驱动OLED产生可见光, 可完成近红外-可见光上转换功能。该项研究拓展了OLED在红外夜视方面的应用。     

Novel differentially strained p-doped quantum well infrared detector

We propose a differentially strained p-doped quantum well infrared (IR) photodetector that achieves high performance specifications. We examine key device and material considerations for such a detector for near 10 μm detection. We calculate that through differential strain, this novel detector has improved gain and substantially reduced dark current over previous quantum well IR photodetectors, while being able to detect normal incident light.     

Infrared photodetectors based on graphene van der Waals heterostructures

We propose and evaluate the graphene layer (GL) infrared photodetectors (GLIPs) based on the van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures with the radiation absorbing GLs. The operation of the GLIPs is associated with the electron photoexcitation from the GL valence band to the continuum states above the inter-GL barriers (either via tunneling or direct transitions to the continuum states). Using the developed device model, we calculate the photodetector characteristics as functions of the GL-vdW heterostructure parameters. We show that due to a relatively large efficiency of the electron photoexcitation and low capture efficiency of the electrons propagating over the barriers in the inter-GL layers, GLIPs should exhibit the elevated photoelectric gain and detector responsivity as well as relatively high detectivity. The possibility of high-speed operation, high conductivity, transparency of the GLIP contact layers, and the sensitivity to normally incident IR radiation provides additional potential advantages in comparison with other IR photodetectors. In particular, the proposed GLIPs can compete with unitravelling-carrier photodetectors.     

背照射和正照射p-i-n结构GaN紫外探测器的i-GaN和p-GaN厚度设计

研究了i-GaN和p-GaN厚度对背照射和正照射p-i-n结构GaN紫外探测器响应光谱的影响。模拟计算发现:对于背照射结构, 适当地减小i-GaN厚度有利于提高探测器的响应, 降低i-GaN层的本底载流子浓度也有利于提高探测器的响应;p-GaN的欧姆接触特性好坏对探测器的响应影响不大, 适当地增加p-GaN厚度可以改善探测器性能。而正照射结构则不同, i-GaN厚度对探测器的响应度影响不大, 但欧姆接触特性差将严重降低探测器的响应, 适当地减小p-GaN厚度可以大幅度改善探测器的响应特性。能带结构和入射光吸收的差别导致了正照射和背照射探测器结构中i层和p层厚度的选择和设计不同。     

Performance Improvement of GaN Based Schottky Barrier Ultraviolet Photodetector by Adding a Thin A1GaN Window Layer

We propose a new structure of GaN based Schottky barrier ultraviolet photodetector, in which a thin n-type A1GaN window layer is added on the conventional n^--GaN/n^＋-GaN device structure. The performance of the Schottky barrier ultraviolet photodetector is found to be improved by the new structure. The simulation result shows that the new structure can reduce the negative effect of surface states on the performance of Schottky barrier GaN photodetectors, improving the quantum efficiency and decreasing the dark current. The investigations suggest that the new photodetector can exhibit a better responsivity by choosing a suitably high carrier concentration and thin thickness for the A1GaN window layer.     

A novel equivalent circuit model for waveguide-separated absorption charge multiplication-avalanche photodetector (WG-SACM-APD)

Waveguide photodetectors are promising high-speed photodetectors compared to conventional photodetectors because of solving the problem of bandwidth efficiency tradeoff. The equivalent circuit model of detectors can be utilized to confirm the device performance prior to fabrication. In this paper a novel equivalent circuit model for waveguide-separated absorption charge multiplication avalanche photodetector (WG-SACM-APD) is presented. Using basic circuit components and considering the theory of linear time invariant system frequency domain modeling of this detector including parasitic sources are achieved. Finally the transfer function and detector's bandwidth with respect to the multiplication gain are also investigated and there are good agreements with experimental results.     

太赫兹量子阱光电探测器光栅耦合的模拟与优化

光栅耦合是量子阱光电探测器探测正入射电磁辐射的常用耦合方法,本文采用模式展开法研究了一维金属光栅太赫兹量子阱光电探测器中的电磁场分布,并给出了器件有源区中的平均光强.研究结果表明,若一维光栅的周期与太赫兹波在器件材料中的波长相当,并且根据器件结构选取合理的光栅占空比,可使器件中的平均光场最强,光栅的光耦合效率最高,从而提高器件的响应率. 关键词： 太赫兹 量子阱光电探测器 光栅     

The optical responsivity in IR-photodetector based on armchair graphene nanoribbons with p–i–n structure

Armchair graphene nanoribbons (A-GNRs) are an alternative material to use in novel infrared photodetectors, because of their tunable energy gap in the infrared spectrum, and their high quantum efficiency. In this paper, an A-GNR p–i–n structure with all three structural families, different width, and different number of layers to use in IR detectors have been investigated. With calculating the band structure and energy gap using the tight-binding model and by including the edge deformation, the optical absorption in the single electron approximation has been obtained by calculating the optical conductance. Finally, we have calculated the quantum efficiency and the optical responsivity of A-GNR based IR photodetector as a function of incident photon energy, temperature, nanoribbon width and the number of layers. Results show that the responsivity of the A-GNR based IR photodetector increase by increasing the width and number of layers and decrease by increasing the temperature.