微乳液增敏光度法测定中草药中微量硒

研究了在非离子微乳液介质中,硫氰酸盐罗丹明B 明胶体系分光光度法测定微量硒的方法。实验表明,当微乳液组成为V(OP乳化剂) +V(正戊醇) +V(正庚烷) +V(水) =1 5 0 +0 1 1+0 41 +97 98时,体系的表观摩尔吸收系数达1 3 0 1×1 0 6 L·mol- 1·cm- 1,灵敏度比在OP溶液中有显著提高,使该法成为少有的超高灵敏度测定硒的光度法之一。Se (Ⅳ)含量在0～0 0 5 μg·mL- 1范围内符合比耳定律,对0 0 2 μg·mL- 1Se(Ⅳ)平行测定1 1次,测得相对标准偏差为0 945 %。应用于中草药中微量硒的测定结果令人满意     

分散固相萃取-超声辅助分散液液微萃取/高效液相色谱法测定土壤中溴氰菊酯残留

建立了以分散固相萃取-超声辅助分散液液微萃取为样品前处理技术,结合高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定土壤中溴氰菊酯。样品用甲醇∶水(1∶4,V/V)提取,经布氏漏斗减压抽滤,滤液经N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)、C18、石墨炭黑粉(GCB)净化后,用氯仿萃取,超声,离心后沉积相进行HPLC测定。对分散固相萃取吸附剂的选择及影响分散液液微萃取的因素进行了优化,在最优条件下,溴氰菊酯的富集倍数达到565倍,线性范围为0.005~2.5mg/kg,线性相关系数为0.9998,检出限为0.001mg/kg,平均加标回收率为70.3%~94.5%,相对标准偏差为2.5%~4.7%。该方法具有简便快速、准确灵敏、萃取效率高等特点,可用于土壤中溴氰菊酯残留检测。     

微乳液-SAF吸光光度法测定汽油中环烷酸铁

研究了在溴化十六烷基三甲基铵(CTMAB)/正戊醇/正庚烷/水组成的阳离子型微乳液中Fe(Ⅲ)与水杨基荧光酮(SAF)的显色反应。结果表明,微乳液对Fe(Ⅲ)SAF显色体系有一定的增敏作用。在pH9.8～10.3的硼砂缓冲溶液中,经30℃水浴加热10～15min,Fe(Ⅲ)SAF在微乳液介质中形成稳定的有色配合物,ε600达1.23×105L·mol-1·cm-1,而Fe(Ⅲ)SAF在CTMAB胶束体系中,ε600为1.11×105L·mol-1·cm-1,Fe(Ⅲ)浓度在0～5μg/25mL范围内遵守比耳定律,由于微乳液的特殊组成,可用于汽油中环烷酸铁的测定,结果满意。     

分光光度法测定碳酸钠及水样中的痕量铝

铝是人体必需微量元素之一 ,但含量过高有害于健康。本文研究了铝 (Ⅲ )与DBC 偶氮氯膦(DBC CPA) [1 ] 显色反应 ,在pH4 7HAc NaAc缓冲体系中 ,该试剂可与Al(Ⅲ )形成 1∶1紫蓝色络合物 ,最大吸收波长为 62 0nm ,ε62 0nm=1 38× 1 0 4 L·mol- 1 ·cm- 1 ,铝 (Ⅲ )在 0～ 35 μg/2 5mL范围内遵守比耳定律。本法用于雨水及碳酸钠中痕量铝的测定 ,结果满意。1　实验部分1 1　主要试剂铝标准溶液 :准确称取 1 75 82gKAl(SO4) 2 ·1 2H2 O ,溶于水后定容至 1 0 0mL ,得铝 1 0 0 0mg·mL- 1 储备液 ,移取适量储备液稀释后得铝 1 0…     

半微分阳极溶出伏安法测定矿泉水中痕量铝

利用铝(Ⅲ)与8 羟基喹啉形成络合物的反应,用半微分阳极溶出伏安法进行水样中痕量铝(Ⅲ)的测定。以0.024moL·L-1乙酸 乙酸胺缓冲液(pH6.0)为底液,玻碳电极为工作电极,测得络合物的氧化峰电位是0.87V(vs.Ag/AgCl,饱和KCl)。峰高与铝(Ⅲ)浓度在1.00×10-5～5.00×10-5mol·L-1、8.00×10-8～4.00×10-6mol·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,铝的检出限为1.00×10-8mol·L-1。此法干扰较少,易于掩蔽,重复性好,灵敏度较高,用于矿泉水中微量铝(Ⅲ)的测定,获得满意效果。     

分散液液微萃取-数码比色法测定水样中痕量钒

研究了分散液液微萃取-数码比色法测定水样中的痕量钒. 在酸性介质中, 痕量钒(V)和N-苯甲酰-N-苯基羟胺(BPHA)作用, 生成紫红色螯合物, 用乙醇做分散剂, 以三氯甲烷为萃取剂进行分散液液微萃取, 萃取液点样在薄层硅胶板上用数码相机进行数码成像. 成像斑点的灰度值和钒(V)的浓度成正比, 据此建立了测定水样中痕量钒的新方法. 对影响萃取富集效率和数码成像效果的因素进行了优化. 钒(V)浓度在5.0～400 μg•L－1范围内有良好的线性关系(r＝0.9993), 检出限为0.87 μg•L－1. 方法已应用于实际水样分析, 加标回收率在97.4%～102.7%之间, 相对标准偏差在1.7%～3.3%之间. 方法具有仪器成本低、方便快速、灵敏度高、环境友好等特点, 可满足野外现场的检测要求.     

巯基葡聚糖凝胶分离富集微乳液增敏三甲氧基苯基荧光酮光度法测定痕量锌

研究了微乳液介质中 ,pH =10 .4时 ,锌与三甲氧基苯基荧光酮 (TM PF)显色生成稳定的 1∶2络合物 ,于 5 80nm处摩尔吸光系数为 2 .94× 10 5L·mol-1·cm-1,锌含量在 0～ 0 .4g/L范围内符合比耳定律。引入微乳液介质 ,显著改善了锌的显色条件 ,使体系灵敏度提高。采用吸附容量大 ,且机械性能好的巯基葡聚糖凝胶分离富集 ,消除了共存离子的干扰 ,降低了测定体系的检出限。用所拟方法测定了施尔康药品、奶粉、味精、血清、尿样和发样中的锌 ,相对标准偏差低于 3.7% ;回收率在 95 .2 %～ 10 5 %。     

巯基葡聚糖凝胶分离富集微乳液增敏间硝基苯基荧光酮光度法测定环境样品中痕量镍

本文研究发现,在微乳液介质中(pH= 10. 4), 镍与间硝基苯基荧光酮(m NPF)反应生成稳定的1∶2 配合物;在606 nm处,其摩尔吸光系数为2.05×105 L·mol-1·cm-1;镍含量在0~0.7μg·mL-1范围内符合比耳定律。测定前,采用巯基葡聚糖凝胶分离富集,以消除共存离子的干扰。用所拟方法测定了环境样品中的痕量镍,结果令人满意。     

微乳液增敏测定药物中微量铋

研究了多种胶束及微乳液对水杨基荧光酮光度法测定铋的增敏作用,并选择增敏作用最强的微乳液作为铋测定的增敏试剂,确定最佳条件。结果表明,在微乳液(OP 正丁醇正庚烷水)存在下,铋与水杨基荧光酮在H2SO4介质中可以形成紫红色配合物,配合物的最大吸收峰位于516nm波长处,表观摩尔吸光系数为ε=1.17×105L·mol-1·cm-1。铋量在0～1 2μg mL范围内符合比尔定律。本法可用于胃药中铋的测定。     

铝与络黑T显色反应的研究和应用

研究了络黑T(EBT)与铝发生显色反应的适宜条件。在0.15mol·L-1NaOAc溶液中,发生配位反应生成紫色的二元配合物,配位比为Al∶EBT=1∶3。最大吸收波长为536nm,ε值为1.9×104L·mol-1·cm-1,线性范围为0～30μg/50ml。方法可用于一些胃药中铝的测定,测定结果与络天青S法十分吻合。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.