乙氧基铁配合物的合成及其水解工艺

在(Bu4N)Br的乙醇溶液中,控制电流密度200 mA·cm2,于50℃电解铁片8 h,制得铁醇盐配合物Fe(OEt)2(acac)(1),其结构经1H NMR,IR,拉曼光谱,X-射线衍射,电子透射显微镜和粒度分布仪表征.研究结果表明,(Bu4N)Br浓度为35 mmol·L-1时,电流效率91.5%.200 mmol·L-11经水解制备干凝胶(10 nm),产率92%.     

纳米LiAlO2 前驱体的电化学合成

在35 mmol·L-1 Bu4NBr的乙醇溶液中加入180 mg锂片,采用金属阳极溶解法控制电流为0.2 A电解铝片6 h,同时间断滴入0.9 mL乙酰丙酮,制得纳米LiAlO2的前驱体LiAl(Oet)4-n(acac)n[acac为乙酰丙酮基],其结构经IR, XRD, TEM, TG-DTA表征.实验结果表明电解温度为50 ℃,导电盐Bu4NBr浓度为35 mmol·L-1时电流效率在90%以上.在温度为40 ℃,前驱体浓度为300 mmol·L-1, pH=9.0的条件下,水解6 h得粒径20 nm～30 nm的前驱体干凝胶粉,产率可达94.8%;干凝胶粉在550 ℃煅烧可得纳米LiAlO2粉体.     

纳米NiAl_2O_4前驱体的电化学合成

在乙醇溶液中,按Ni/Al电量比为1∶3依次电解铝片和镍片,制得复合氧化物纳米粉体NiO Al2O3的前驱体NiAl2(OCH2CH3)(8-y)(acac)y[acac为乙酰丙酮基].产物通过红外光谱、X射线衍射、电子透射显微镜进行了表征,同时研究了镍电极在铝醇盐溶液中的电化学行为,讨论了影响电合成镍、铝醇盐配合物的关键因素.实验表明,电解温度控制在54～60℃、导电盐Bu4NBr浓度为0.040～0.045mol/L时,电流效率约为93%.水解后的干凝胶粒径在10nm左右,为纳米NiAl2O4粉体的制备创造了条件.     

电化学合成铜配合物的研究

采用金属铜为"牺牲"阳极,首次在无隔膜电解槽中,电化学溶解金属铜一步制备了纳米CuO前体Cu(OEt)2, Cu(OBu)2, Cu(acac)2, Cu(OEt)(acac), Cu(OBu)(acac) (acac为乙酰丙酮基).产物通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、拉曼光谱(Raman spectrum)进行表征.同时讨论了影响电合成铜醇盐及其配合物的关键因素.实验表明,防止阳极钝化,温度控制在30～50 ℃,采用有机胺溴化物为导电盐, 电极电位控制在0.8～1.2 V之间,可以提高电合成效率.实验同时表明Cu(acac)2, Cu(OEt)(acac), Cu(OBu)(acac)可作为制备含铜纳米材料前驱体.     

镧对AZ31镁合金电化学行为的影响

用线性电位扫描、恒电流放电、交流阻抗、析氢实验等方法研究了添加剂La(CH3COO)3在1.0 mol·L-1 MgSO4溶液中对AZ31镁合金电化学性能的影响.线性电位扫描和交流阻抗结果表明La(CH3COO)3添加剂的最佳浓度为0.4 mmol·L-1;交流阻抗和析氢实验结果表明添加0.4 mmol·L-1 La(CH3COO)3的缓蚀效率为41%;线性扫描结果表明La(CH3COO)3可使镁阳极活化;恒电流放电表明0.4mmol·L-1 La(CH3COO)3可大大改善AZ31镁合金在电解液中的放电性能;添加醋酸镧具有提高AZ31镁合金的耐蚀性和电化学活性的双重优点.     

Keggin型铁取代杂多阴离子PW_(11)O_(39)Fe(Ⅲ)(H_2O)~(4-)光催化降解硝基苯

以Keggin型铁取代杂多阴离子PW11O39Fe(Ⅲ)(H2O)4-[PW11Fe(Ⅲ)(H2O)]代替传统光芬顿方法中的Fe3+作为光催化剂,构成一个新颖的光催化体系并用于水体生物难降解有机污染物硝基苯(NB)的降解.详细研究了在紫外光照射和H2O2存在下,PW11Fe(Ⅲ)(H2O)对NB降解的均相光催化作用.考察了NB初始浓度、溶液pH、H2O2和PW11Fe(Ⅲ)(H2O)浓度对光催化降解反应速率的影响.实验结果表明,1.0mmol·L-1PW11Fe(Ⅲ)(H2O)+5.0mmol·L-1H2O2+1.0mmol·L-1NB的中性溶液在300W汞灯照射下反应120min,NB的降解率达93%,总有机碳(TOC)去除约31%,显示了该新颖体系对NB光催化降解的高效性和优越性.     

电堆集-非水毛细管电泳分离测定甘草次酸和阿魏酸的研究

建立了电堆集富集-非水毛细管电泳(NACE)同时分离测定甘草中甘草酸和阿魏酸的新方法.系统研究了电压、非水溶剂、乙酸钠浓度、氢氧化钠浓度、样品溶剂等因素对电堆集和分离效果的影响,确立了分离和富集的最佳条件.以甲醇-乙腈(体积比4 : 6)为非水介质,30 mmol·L-1乙酸钠-2.5 mmol·L-1氢氧化钠为背景电解质;分离电压-20 kV,检测波长254 nm.在优化条件下,甘草次酸在0.80 ～12.80 mg·L-1(r＝0.999 6),阿魏酸在0.77 ～45.60 mg·L-1(r＝0.999 6)质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,回收率分别为97% ～102%,98% ～102%;甘草次酸检出限为0.069 mg·L-1,阿魏酸检出限为0.087 mg·L-1,RSD均不大于4.6%.     

毛细管电泳手性拆分喹诺酮类药物对映体

采用毛细管电泳法,以铜(Ⅱ)-L-异白氨酸为手性拆分剂,同时分离了氧氟沙星、洛美沙星、司帕沙星和加替沙星四种喹诺酮类药物对映体.考察了手性拆分剂的种类、配比和浓度,缓冲溶液的种类、浓度和pH值,有机添加剂的种类和用量,分离电压等试验条件对分离效果的影响.含8 mmol·L-1L-异白氨酸和4 mmol·L-1硫酸铜的pH 8.5的30 mmol·L-1硼酸钠-盐酸缓冲溶液中,氧氟沙星和加替沙星对映体实现分离;在含20 mmol·L-1 L-异白氨酸,10 mmol·L-1硫酸铜和乙腈(5+95)的pH 9.0的20 mmol·L-1的Tris-硼酸钠缓冲溶液中,司帕沙星、洛美沙星和加替沙星对映体同时实现完全分离.     

离子色谱法测定茶叶中的无机阴离子

提出了离子交换色谱法分离测定茶叶中F-、Cl-、Br-、NO3-、H2PO4-和SO2-4 6种无机阴离子含量的方法.茶叶样品中6种阴离子用水在95℃超声萃取20 min后,经IonPac ASll-HC阴离子分离柱,AGll-HC阴离子保护柱,以氢氧化钾为淋洗液,浓度从15 mmol·L-1到30 mmol·L-1进行梯度淋洗.F-、Cl-和Soi2-4的峰面积与其质量浓度在0.01～150.0 mg·L-1范围内,H2PO-4、NO-3和Br-在0.05～150.0 mg·L-1范围内呈线性关系.6种离子的检出限(3S/N)均小于0.03 mg·L-1.该方法用于茶叶样品中F-、Cl-、Br-、NO-3、H2PO-4和SOi2-4的测定,加标回收率在90.9%～100.0%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)小于3.5%.     

柠檬酸镧诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的研究

采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测稀土化合物柠檬酸镧在1×10-3～5 mmol·L-1浓度范围内对体外培养的人乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7、前列腺癌细胞株PC-3、肝癌细胞株HepG2和宫颈癌细胞株HeLa生长的影响.结果表明,柠檬酸镧对各种癌细胞生长的影响存在浓度依赖性,在实验浓度范围内,低浓度无明显作用特征,高浓度抑制癌细胞生长;不同肿瘤细胞对稀土的响应不同,HeLa细胞相对敏感,其IC50值为(0.16±0.08)mmol·L-1,而MCF-7细胞为(0.18±0.02)mmol·L-1,PC-3细胞为(1.55±0.45)mmol·L-1,HepG2细胞为(2.71±0.11)mmol·L-1.进一步以0.15 mmol·L-1的柠檬酸镧作用于HeLa细胞,采用Hoechst 33258荧光染色、PI单染流式细胞仪检测、Annexin V-FITC/PI双染色法观察镧对HeLa细胞的毒性作用.结果表明,柠檬酸镧作用24 h后,HeLB细胞出现明显的凋亡特征,PI染色流式细胞仪检测可见凋亡峰,细胞周期分析表明sub-G1期细胞硅著增加,G0/G1期细胞显著减少(P<0.05),Annexin V-FITC/PI双染检测细胞凋亡率为(61.65±4.60)%(P<0.05).上述结果表明柠檬酸镧能诱导癌细胞发生凋亡.以HeLa细胞最灵敏而对HepG2并不敏感,其次序为HeLa>McF-7>Pc-3>HepG2.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.