纳米铝/金对纳米2,5-二苯基噁唑薄膜荧光特性的调制

以直流溅射方法和真空蒸镀方法结合制备了单组份纳米铝薄膜、纳米金薄膜、纳米2,5-二苯基噁唑(DPO)薄膜和双组份纳米Al/DPO、Au/DPO复合叠层薄膜。利用双势垒伏安特性曲线模拟计算、荧光分光光度计和扫描电镜表征了薄膜样品的电学性质、荧光性质和表面形貌。固态荧光光谱中观察到Au/DPO和Al/DPO叠层结构复合纳米薄膜样品的荧光主峰发生了明显红移。Au/DPO叠层结构复合薄膜样品与单组份DPO纳米薄膜样品的荧光发射光谱相比较,叠层薄膜内相互作用较弱,而Al/DPO叠层结构复合纳米薄膜样品相互作用较强、谱线峰型变化较大,Al的谱线的半高全宽明显增大,推测颗粒内部存在离散的能级结构。     

纳米铝/金对纳米二,五-二苯基噁唑薄膜荧光特性的调制

以直流溅射方法和真空蒸镀方法结合制备了单组份纳米铝薄膜、纳米金薄膜、纳米二,五-二苯基噁唑(DPO)薄膜和双组份纳米Al/DPO、Au/DPO复合叠层薄膜。利用双势垒伏安特性曲线模拟计算、荧光分光光度计和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征了薄膜样品的电学性质、荧光性质和表面形貌。固态荧光光谱观察到500nm膜厚的Au/DPO、Al/DPO叠层结构复合纳米薄膜样品的荧光主峰发生了明显红移。Au/DPO叠层结构复合薄膜样品与单组份DPO纳米薄膜样品的荧光发射光谱相比较,叠层薄膜内相互作用较弱,而Al/DPO叠层结构复合纳米薄膜样品相互作用较强、谱线峰型变化较大,Al的谱线的半高全宽明显增大,推测颗粒内部存在离散的能级结构。     

石墨烯-氧化钨复合薄膜的制备及界面电子传输特性

以偏钨酸铵为钨源、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为连接剂,采用浸渍提拉法制备了石墨烯-氧化钨复合薄膜,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)及Raman光谱等方法对复合结构材料进行了表征,并利用光电流测试、交流阻抗谱(EIS)、瞬态光电流谱和强度调制光电流谱等方法,研究复合薄膜电极在光电作用下界面上的载流子转移过程和电荷传输行为.结果表明,组成薄膜的氧化钨纳米颗粒与石墨烯充分复合,光电性能显著提高;与石墨烯复合后,薄膜的瞬态时间常数增大,电子-空穴对寿命延长;电子传输时间减少,为纯氧化钨薄膜的47.5%.     

石墨烯-氧化钨复合薄膜的制备及界面电子传输特性

以偏钨酸铵为钨源、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为连接剂,采用浸渍提拉法制备了石墨烯-氧化钨复合薄膜,利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）及Raman光谱等方法对复合结构材料进行了表征,并利用光电流测试、交流阻抗谱（EIS）、瞬态光电流谱和强度调制光电流谱等方法,研究复合薄膜电极在光电作用下界面上的载流子转移过程和电荷传输行为. 结果表明,组成薄膜的氧化钨纳米颗粒与石墨烯充分复合,光电性能显著提高;与石墨烯复合后,薄膜的瞬态时间常数增大,电子-空穴对寿命延长;电子传输时间减少,为纯氧化钨薄膜的47.5%.     

Ag/SiO2复合薄膜的紫外光还原制备及其光学性能

采用溶胶凝胶法(sol-gel)制备不同Ag掺杂量的Ag/SiO2复合薄膜,通过紫外辐射技术对薄膜进行了还原处理,采用XRD、SEM、IR、UV-Vis、Raman和荧光光谱(PL)等技术对薄膜样品结构进行了表征和光学性能测试.XRD结果表明,复合薄膜样品中的Ag纳米粒子呈面心立方相,利用谢乐公式计算出金属银的平均晶粒尺寸约为10.2 nm;SEM结果显示,所得Ag/SiO2复合薄膜均匀性良好,薄膜中绝大部分纳米颗粒尺寸较小,薄膜约厚1μm;UV-Vis结果表明,随着,nAg/nSi的增加,Ag纳米粒子在420 nm附近的表面等离子共振吸收峰逐渐增强,并伴有一定的红移;PL谱表明,由于Ag纳米粒子的表面等离子共振,薄膜样品在442 nm处发出强光,并且随着Ag浓度增大,发光强度略有降低,出现蓝移;从Raman光谱可以看出由于Ag纳米颗粒表面局域电磁场增强造成的表面增强的拉曼散射(SERS).     

YSi_2纳米颗粒的制备及光学、电学性能研究

采用脉冲激光烧蚀高纯YSi2靶,在n型Si(100)单晶衬底上制备YSi2纳米颗粒。原子力显微镜(AFM)观察样品表面颗粒尺寸约40~50 nm。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测试结果表明,YSi2纳米颗粒成分为Y-O-Si。室温下对样品的光致发光(PL)性能进行测试,在500 nm处有一个较大的宽峰,409 nm附近出现强度较弱的发光峰。前者与样品中Y-O-Si电荷迁移带有关,后者为衬底表面纳米尺寸SiOx复合中心离子发光。室温下,对原位制备的薄膜电学(I-V/C-V)性能进行测试,结果表明薄膜的介电常数约为13.6。     

辉光放电光谱法在深度分析上的应用现状

本文简单地介绍了辉光放电光谱法（GD-OES）的基本原理。分别对深度分析的定量方式、放电方式、应用领域和相关标准进行了详细地阐述。重点描述了商品化仪器中使用的SIMR深度分析定量方法。分别对三种放电方式（如直流、射频和脉冲）在深度分析中的特点进行了介绍。综述了GD-OES在金属镀层、复杂涂镀层、纳米级薄膜和样品制备领域的具体应用。最后,介绍了GD-OES在深度分析方面的标准     

透射电镜三维重构确定金纳米粒子的立体结构

贵金属纳米颗粒具有局域表面等离激元这一特性使其具有丰富的光学性质,而这一特性受制于纳米颗粒所形成的立体几何形状,而透射电镜和扫描电镜的二维图像不能真切地观测和确定纳米颗粒所形成的立体几何结构。透射电镜三维重构技术可作为一种确定纳米颗粒立体结构的直观有效的方法。本文利用透射电镜的三维重构技术,选择合适的参数进行二维图像的采集、图像匹配对中及重构、立体模型的构建,从而通过构建的模型对两种金纳米颗粒样品的不同几何形状所产生的边界形态进行了确认和分析。     

测定潮湿空气中粒子所含硫酸和硝酸根离子的方法

对复合薄膜法进行了改进，将人工粒子通过干燥器去除水蒸汽的不利影响，采集在镀有硝酸灵（Ｎｉｔｒｏｎ，Ｃ２０Ｈ１６Ｎ４）的膜片上。用真空镀膜法镀上氯化钡薄膜。用该法采集了高湿度下的大气粒子，对硫酸根和硝酸根两类粒子在透射电镜中进行观察，根据生成物的形态，测定出潮湿空气中粒子所含的酸性离子。     

CoFe2O4／TiO2磁性复合薄膜的制备及表征

以钛酸丁酯和金属盐酸盐为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶工艺制备了CoFe2O4／TiO2复合薄膜,分析了不同热处理温度对复合薄膜晶粒生长及薄膜表面形貌的影响．通过XRD射线、拉曼光谱、扫描电子显微镜、偏光显微镜对薄膜热分解中物相变化过程及其表面形貌进行了观测,用振动样品磁强计（VSM）测定了样品的磁性．实验结果表明：溶胶-凝胶法制得的复合薄膜,两相组分晶体各自析出长大,CoFe2O4组分均匀地分布在TiO2基体中,随着热处理温度的升高,薄膜的磁性增强．     

基于SnO2为修饰层的Au-Pt / SnO2 / Au复合电极研究

用真空镀膜法在Au电极上沉积SnO₂薄膜，在HAuCl₄和H₂PtCl₄的混合溶液中利用直接还原法，将Au-Pt双金属纳米颗粒组装在SnO₂ / Au电极上，得到Au-Pt / SnO₂ / Au复合电极。采用SEM、TEM、XPS及CV曲线测定对Au-Pt / SnO₂ / Au复合电极进行了表征。结果表明:复合电极上双金属纳米颗粒分布均匀，粒子粒径约为25 nm左右。SnO₂作为修饰层以配位键与双金属纳米粒子结合。Au-Pt / SnO₂ / Au复合电极具有良好对甲醇氧化的电化学性能。     

Sputtered,electroless, and rolled palladium–ceramic membranes

Three techniques were used to produce palladium–ceramic (Pd–ceramic) composite membranes for hydrogen separation and production. They are sputtering, electroless deposition and rolling of thin Pd alloy films over ceramic porous tubes.After studying and developing the three coating techniques, an extensive testing and characterizing work was carried out on these thin film composite membranes. The results show that in the sputtered (0.5–5 μm) and electroless (2.5–20 μm) composite membranes, the thermal cycling of the hydrogenated metallic layer produces membrane failures. Such failures are characterized by crack formation and metal film peeling. This fact has been explained by an evaluation of the shear stresses at the metal–ceramic interface due to the differential elongation between the palladium (Pd) coating and the ceramic support under thermal cycling and hydrogen loading. The rolled membranes (50–70 μm), however, because of the particular coating solution, have shown a complete hydrogen selectivity and good chemical and physical stability in long-term tests.     

IR Reflective LaPO4 Ceramic Colorant Reinforced Polymer Composite Coatings on Glass and Metal Substrates for Heat Management Applications

LaPO₄ ceramic colorants were processed in the vibrant shades of green and brick red, and subsequently embedded in polymer resins for the fabrication of heat management coatings. The IR/UV shielding characteristics of these ceramic colorants and polymer coatings were analysed and it was found that the ceramic dispersoids enhance the IR reflectance quality of polymer resins by 20 to 25 times. The nano ceramic green colorant-reinforced polymer coating on glass panels offers the stringent property, i. e., optical transparency and heat reflectance combined, when exposed to direct sunlight. Other photophysical properties were also studied and analysed. The brick red colorant entrenched resin coating on metal substrate offered heat reflectance and corrosion resistance characteristics. XPS studies provided the chemical environment of the systems. Surface morphology, crystallinity and particle size of the products were investigated using SEM, TEM, XRD and DLS techniques. The polymer resin coating of these ceramic colorants offers thermal stability and colorfastness properties.     

纳米炭黑复合涂料的制备及其耐蚀性能

纳米炭黑复合涂料的制备及其耐蚀性能;纳米炭黑;复合涂料;制备;耐蚀性     

TiO2-MoO3复合纳米管阵列薄膜的制备及其可见光活性

通过阳极氧化的方法制备TiO₂纳米管薄膜, 在MoO₃存在的条件下对该薄膜进行热处理得到TiO₂-MoO₃复合纳米管阵列薄膜. 利用X射线衍射(XRD), 扫描电子显微镜(SEM), X射线光电子能谱(XPS), 电化学阻抗谱(EIS), Mott-Schottky 及光电化学方法对得到的薄膜进行了表征. XRD结果表明, TiO₂-MoO₃复合纳米管薄膜中的TiO₂主要为锐钛矿晶型. SEM实验证实了薄膜纳米管结构的存在, 样品中的MoO₃均匀地分散在TiO₂纳米管表面. 利用XPS方法分析了TiO₂-MoO₃复合纳米管薄膜元素的组成, 结果表明, MoO₃在TiO₂表面形成TiO₂-MoO₃复合纳米管薄膜. 研究了热处理温度以及热处理时间对样品的光电化学性能的影响, 相对于单纯TiO₂纳米管薄膜, 适量引入MoO₃提高了样品在可见光区的光电响应能力, 样品的平带电位负移. 在450 °C热处理60 min制得的TiO₂-MoO₃复合半导体纳米管阵列薄膜光电响应活性最高.     

球磨形成的Ni-Mo纳米晶复合镀层上的析氢反应

采用复合电镀的方法将不同球磨时间制备的高催化活性的纳米晶，Ｎｉ－Ｍｏ合金粉直接镀于电极表面，并用稳态极化曲线及交流阻抗技术测试了这些电极析氢的电化学活性，同时用Ｘ射线衍射，透射电镜及扫描电镜监测了Ｎｉ－Ｍｏ合金粉的物相结构，晶粒尺寸及复合电极表面的形貌，并初步探讨了这些复合电极的析氢机理，实验结果表明，球磨不仅可使镍钼粉合金化成为纳米晶，同时随着球磨时间的增加，纳米晶晶粒继续细化，电极的析氢催化活     

A Novel Method for Preparing Nano‐ and Microcomposite Al2O3‐ZrO2 Ceramic Coatings

Nano‐ and microcomposite Al₂O₃‐ZrO₂ coatings were deposited on various substrates in a sol‐gel ceramic paint by a supercentrifugal force and a gradual sintering process. Fine metal oxide powders were dispersed in a sol‐gel solution by superpower ball milling so as to form a uniform stable ceramic paint. High‐resolution microscopy (FE‐SEM) was used to characterize the coating, indicating that the coating is composed of composite particle clusters with an average diameter of ～1 µm. The clusters consisted of larger particles with an average diameter of ～0.5 µm in center and smaller particles of ～100 nm surrounding the larger ones. The coating was relatively dense and increasingly dense toward the substrate surface.     

Synthesis of Cu–Cr diketo,sublimable, eutectic composite complex,rod crystals from LDH as suitable MOCVD precursor of CuCr2O4 catalysts upon ceramic preforms for N2O decomposition

Metal-acteylacetonates are important sublimable metal-organic precursors for metal-oxide thin film formation over solid preforms by MOCVD (Metal Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition) technique. Mixed-metal-acetylacetonates (MMAA) are suitable starting materials for mixed metal nano-oxidic thin film formation through such facile routes. Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) of suitable metal ion combination can perform as appropriate starting base for neutralisation by enol form of 2,4-pentanedione or acteylacetonate tautomer ligands to obtain such MMAA. In this paper synthesis of composite crystals of Cu(II)/Cr(III) acetylacetonates (CCAA) is reported by the reaction of Cu–Cr-LDH with acetylacetone. The products were characterized by various different techniques. The surface area and pore volume analysis of the crystals showed the formation of nanopores in the compound. TEM analysis confirmed that the inner core of the nanoporous crystals of Cu(acac)₂ was covered by coating of poorly crystallised Cr(acac)₃ and they together form the composite crystals, and they together form the composite crystals. Due to eutectic mixture formation the melting point of CCAA lies in between the melting points of individual components Cu(acac)₂ and Cr(acac)₃ and shows sublimability, a property important for the formation of MOCVD films. The composite was used for CuCr₂O₄ spinel mixed oxide films formation over solid ceramic honeycomb monolithic substrates. Application prospects of the route in the field of catalysis is high as it can directly combine the benefits of mixed metal oxide catalysis and structured supports without the involvement of a third component. In this work the performance of such a catalytic device has been tested for low temperature decomposition of high Global Warming Potential (GWP) gas N₂O to N₂ and O₂.     

Determination of oxide film thickness on metal and ceramic materials using activation analysis and B.E.T. gas adsorption method

For the first time a combination of B.E.T. gas adsorption method and neutron or photon activation analysis has been successfully applied to metal surfaces as well as to metal and ceramic powders (more than 50 cases). Increasing oxide film thickness was observed with increasing Al particle size. Speciation may be performed by the analysis of dehydratation. Even double-layers in the nanometer ranges may be specified. The method satisfactorily compares with TEM.     

两步电化学沉积技术制备功能陶瓷/金属复合镀层

通过两步电化学沉积技术,在医用金属表面得到羟基磷灰石生物活性陶瓷/金属复合镀层.从含有硝酸钙和磷酸二氢氨的溶液中,首先通过恒流模式电化学沉积钙磷生物陶瓷;然后采用恒压模式,在多孔的生物陶瓷沉积层中嵌入金属骨架,从而得到具有良好结合力的羟基磷灰石/金属复合镀层.实验结果表明在复合镀层中作为骨架的金属镍含量约为31%时,复合镀层与基底合金之间的结合力达到21.2MPa.