Comparative evaluation on the thermal properties and stability of MWCNT nanofluid with conventional surfactants and ionic liquid

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Conventional surfactants such as CTAB (cetrimonium bromide), SDS (sodium dodecyl sulphate), SDBS (sodium dodecyl sulphonate) are combined with...     

罗丹明6G-阴离子表面活性剂体系的共振瑞利散射光谱及分析应用

在pH2．00～3．42的B—R缓冲溶液中,罗丹明6G与十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SD—BS）、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）阴离子表面活性剂反应形成离子缔合物,导致共振瑞利散射（RRS）增强,并产生新的RRS光谱,最大RRS峰位于375nm,方法对SDBS、SDS的检出限分别为6ng／mL、5ng／mL,其线性范围分别为0．02～5．6μg／mL、0．02～14．0μg／mL。研究了适宜的反应条件,方法具有较高的灵敏度,用于合成水样和环境水样中阴离子表面活性剂含量的测定,结果满意。     

Sensitive determination of anionic surfactants in water with trans-4-[4'-(N-methyl-N-hydroxylethylamino)-cinnamyl-N-9-(4'-(2,2':6',2''-terpyridine))-phenylmethylene]pyridine bromide by the light-absorption ratio variation approach

The light-absorption ratio variation approach was described and applied to the determination of anionic surfactants (AS) in water with a novel chromophore, trans 4-[4'-(N-methyl-N-hydroxylethylamino)-cinnamyl-N-9-(4'-(2,2':6',2'-terpyridine))-phenylmethylene]pyridine bromide (BTMHCTPP). The complexations between BTMHCTPP and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) at pH 3.85 were characterized by the break point approach. Results have shown that both 1BTMHCTPP:1SDS and 1BTMHCTPP:1SDBS complexes were formed, and that deltaA(r) (deltaA(r) = light-absorption ratio variation) is linear for the range of AS between 0.05 and 1.00 mg/L. The limits of detection (3sigma) are 0.045 mg/L for SDS and 0.040 mg/L for SDBS. The complexation is selective in the presence of EDTA, and it has been applied to the analysis of water samples with satisfactory results.     

Encapsulation of curcumin in cationic micelles suppresses alkaline hydrolysis

The alkaline hydrolysis of curcumin was studied in three types of micelles composed of the cationic surfactants cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) and the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). At pH 13, curcumin undergoes rapid degradation by alkaline hydrolysis in the SDS micellar solution. In contrast, alkaline hydrolysis of curcumin is greatly suppressed in the presence of either CTAB or DTAB micelles, with a yield of suppression close to 90%. The results from fluorescence spectroscopic studies reveal that while curcumin remains encapsulated in CTAB and DTAB micelles at pH 13, curcumin is dissociated from the SDS micelles to the aqueous phase at this pH. The absence of encapsulation and stabilization in the SDS micellar solution results in rapid hydrolysis of curcumin.     

Adsorption of methylene blue and orange II onto unmodified and surfactant-modified zeolite

Adsorption of cationic methylene blue and anionic orange II onto unmodified and surfactant-modified zeolites was studied using a batch equilibration method. The effects of equilibrium time, solution pH, and sorption temperature were examined. The results suggested that 2% sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS)- and 3% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-modified zeolites had higher adsorption capacities for methylene blue than the unmodified zeolite, while 2% cetylpyridinium bromide hexadecyl (CPB)- and 2% hexadecylammonium bromide (HDTMA)-modified zeolites were the best adsorbents for orange II. The adsorption conditions were optimized, and the mechanisms of adsorption are briefly discussed.     

Influence of Surfactant-polymer Complexes on Crystallization and Aggregation of CaCO3

Hollow calcium carbonate(CaCO₃) microspheres with different morphologies were synthesized via the precipitation reaction of calcium chloride with sodium carbonate in the presence of different surfactant-polymer complexes. The selected anionic surfactants were sodium dodecyl sulfonate(SDS) and sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate(SDBS), respectively. The selected water-soluble polymers were polyacrylic acid(PAA) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP). In this work, SDS-PVP “pearl-necklace model” micellar complex was formed via hydrophobic effectiveness between SDS and PVP and it served as the spherical template to generate spherical CaCO₃ aggregates with hollow microspheres composed of about 500 nm irregular shaped particles. SDS-PAA complexes and SDBS-PAA complexes formed “core-shell model” aggregates with calcium ions serving as the medium to link the anionic surfactant and the polymer. SDS-PAA “core-shell model” aggregates would act as templates for hollow CaCO₃ microspheres consisting of 30-50 nm irregular shaped crystallites. SDBS-PAA “core-shell model” aggregates served as the spherical aggregate templates to generate spherical CaCO₃ aggregates consisted of many small spherical particles which had grown together. All the obtained CaCO₃ hollow microspheres are calcite particles. This research may provide new insight into the control of morphologies of hollow CaCO₃ microspheres in the presence of surfactant- polymer complexes.     

A Visible Spectroscopic Study of Microstructure of O/W Microemulsions of Anionic Surfactants: Effect of Cosurfactant

The microstructure of o/w microemulsions, stabilized by sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) with different cosurfactants, has been studied by partitioning of a dye, phenol red, between the oil‐water interface and bulk water. The cosurfactants used are propan‐1‐ol, propan‐2‐ol, butan‐1‐ol, butan‐2‐ol, pentane‐1‐ol, pentane‐2‐ol, and pentan‐3‐ol. The effects of changing the oil volume fraction and surfactant‐cosurfactant w/w ratio on the oil‐water interface and droplet size have also been discussed. Larger droplet size was predicted for SDS than SDBS. The predicted droplet radius increased with increase in the oil fraction, decrease in the surfactant concentration, increase in the C‐number of the linear cosurfactant, and decrease in branching of the cosurfactant. Surfactant‐cosurfactant ratio and pH did not affect the droplet size significantly. The minimum concentrations of surfactants with which microemulsions were formed were found to be higher for larger oil fraction, smaller C‐number of the alcohol, more branching of the alcohol, and higher pH.     

Ionic liquid-induced unprecedented size enhancement of aggregates within aqueous sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate

Physicochemical properties of aqueous micellar solutions may change in the presence of ionic liquids (ILs). Micelles help to increase the aqueous solubility of ILs. The average size of the micellar aggregates within aqueous sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) is observed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to increase in a sudden and drastic fashion as the IL 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF(6)]) is added. Similar addition of [bmim][PF(6)] to aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) results in only a slow gradual increase in average aggregate size. While addition of the IL [bmim][BF(4)] also gives rise to sudden aggregate size enhancement within aqueous SDBS, the IL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([emim][BF(4)]), and inorganic salts NaPF(6) and NaBF(4), only gradually increase the assembly size upon their addition. Bulk dynamic viscosity, microviscosity, dipolarity (indicated by the fluorescent reporter pyrene), zeta potential, and electrical conductance measurements were taken to gain insight into this unusual size enhancement. It is proposed that bmim(+) cations of the IL undergo Coulombic attractive interactions with anionic headgroups at the micellar surface at all [bmim][PF(6)] concentrations in aqueous SDS; in aqueous SDBS, beyond a critical IL concentration, bmim(+) becomes involved in cation-π interaction with the phenyl moiety of SDBS within micellar aggregates with the butyl group aligned along the alkyl chain of the surfactant. This relocation of bmim(+) results in an unprecedented size increase in micellar aggregates. Aromaticity of the IL cation alongside the presence of sufficiently aliphatic (butyl or longer) alkyl chains on the IL appear to be essential for this dramatic critical expansion in self-assembly dimensions within aqueous SDBS.     

不同类型表面活性剂与高铁肌红蛋白相互作用

通过UV-Vis吸收光谱、同步荧光光谱、圆二色(CD)光谱等方法对阴离子型表面活性剂——琥珀酸二辛酯磺酸钠(AOT)和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、阳离子型表面活性剂——十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)和十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)、两性离子型表面活性剂——3-[(3-胆固醇氨丙基)二甲基氨基]-1-丙磺酸(CHAPS)与马心高铁肌红蛋白(metMb)的不同作用机理进行了探讨.结果显示:阴、阳离子型表面活性剂可以与蛋白发生较强烈的作用,且相互作用与表面活性剂的浓度密切相关.AOT和SDBS浓度的升高使得metMb的Soret带发生红移且出现两个新的Q带,伴随着配体金属电荷转移(LMCT)带的消失,蛋白从水合的六配位高自旋复合物(6-cHs)转化成六配位低自旋高铁血红素复合物(6-cLs),低浓度的AOT和SDBS对Tyr和Trp微环境均有影响,能使metMb的二级结构发生变化;而CTAB和DTAB在低浓度时对metMb的血红素中心影响不大,但是对Trp和Tyr的微环境影响很大,高浓度时主要通过静电吸引作用以聚合体形式直接作用于血红素中心,使Soret带发生蓝移,metMb形成五配位高自旋(5-cHs)复合物,血红素从疏水腔中释放出来,metMb的α螺旋含量减少.DTAB由于自身结构的特点,与CTAB作用于蛋白的过程有些区别,形成了一个中间态,但最终也导致血红素的暴露.两性离子型表面活性剂在测定浓度范围内不与metMb发生作用,原因是CHAPS整体呈电中性,其与metMb的阴离子性或者阳离子性位点作用的能力很弱,同时也说明metMb表面带相反电荷的位点相距较远.结果充分证明表面活性剂与蛋白相互作用的方式与表面活性剂的种类、结构及其浓度有关.     

表面活性剂对海藻酸钠稀水溶液剪切粘度的影响

通过粘度法考察了不同pH值时, 阴离子聚电解质海藻酸钠(NaAlg)与阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、非离子表面活性剂辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(TritonX-100)以及它们的复配体系的相互作用. 研究表明, 在酸性条件下, SDS和TritonX-100与NaAlg之间主要是疏水作用, 随着表面活性剂浓度的增加, 体系粘度下降直到基本不变, CTAB与NaAlg主要发生静电作用和疏水作用, 体系粘度随CTAB浓度的增加呈现先上升后下降的趋势. 在实验条件下, TritonX-100浓度为0.05 mmol·L-1时, SDS的加入, 使得NaAlg/TritonX-100体系的零剪切粘度下降, 而CTAB的加入, 在pH=3.0和5.0时, NaAlg/TritonX-100体系的零剪切粘度出现上升, 在pH=6.4时, 该体系零剪切粘度下降.     

生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂及其复配体系界面行为和性质的介观模拟

采用介观模拟耗散颗粒动力学（DPD）方法研究不同结构的鼠李糖脂在油/水界面行为差异和结构对活性的影响,并探讨了其与不同类型表面活性剂如十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（AEO3）复配时体系的界面性质,给出不同结构的鼠李糖脂的行为特点及与常用合成表面活性剂在油/水界面的相互作用规律...     

盐酸氯丙嗪作探针共振瑞利散射法测定环境水样中某些阴离子表面活性剂

在pH 3.0～5.0的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中, 盐酸氯丙嗪与十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和十二烷基磺酸钠(SLS)等阴离子表面活性剂反应形成离子缔合物时, 能导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)的显著增强并产生新的RRS光谱, 最大RRS峰分别位于277, 369和277 nm处, 方法对SDBS, SDS和SLS的检出限分别为0.018, 0.046和0.200 μg/mL, 其线性范围分别为0.09~10.0, 0.15~15.0 和0.67~12.5 μg/mL. 研究了适宜的反应条件及分析化学性质, 提出了一种用RRS技术灵敏、简便并快速测定阴离子表面活性剂的新方法.     

Test of Hofmeister-like series of anionic headgroups: clouding and micellar growth

Phenomenon of clouding in charged micellar solutions is a fairly recent addition to conventional phenomenon shown by aqueous nonionic micelles. In this paper, we have tested a Hofmeister-like ordering of charged headgroups in the context of cloud point (CP) and micellar growth. For this purpose, we have used various combinations of surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS; sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, SDBS; sodium salts of α-sulfonato myristic acid methyl ester, MES; and α-sulfonato palmitic acid methyl ester, PES) and tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB). Different surfactant concentrations and TBAB concentrations are used and CP measurements have been performed. CP values were found in the order SDBS?<?SDS?<?PES?<?MES for the same concentration of surfactant and TBAB. This order has been discussed in the light of water affinities of interacting ionic species (i.e., surfactant headgroup and TBA⁺ counterion). The ordering was found similar for the case of micellar growth studied by dynamic light scattering (DLS). A bimodal distribution of aggregate size was found that transforms to giant aggregates at CP. The micelles of roughly 10-nm size convert to aggregates of 1 μm. The study has a few novelties: (1) headgroup dependence of CP, (2) micellar growth on heating, and (3) confirmation of Hofmeister-like series of headgroup.     

钴(II)-2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚体系共振瑞利散射法测定环境 水样中十二烷基苯磺酸钠

在pH 1.8～3.0的Britton-Robinson (BR)缓冲溶液中, 钴(II)与2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚(5-Br-PADAP)(HL)反应形成紫红色螯合阳离子, 此时仅能引起吸收光谱的变化, 不能导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)的增强. 当钴(II)-5-Br-PADAP螯合阳离子与阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、十二烷基磺酸钠(SLS)和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)作用时, 仅能与SDBS进一步反应形成三元离子缔合物并引起RRS的显著增强, 而不与SDS和SLS产生类似反应. 离子缔合物的RRS峰分别位于306, 370和650 nm处, 在一定范围内RRS增强(ΔI)与SDBS浓度成正比, 当用650 nm处测量时, 其检出限为0.043 μg&#8226;mL－1, 线性范围为0.14～6.0 μg&#8226;mL－1. 文中研究了反应产物的RRS光谱特征, 适宜的反应条件及分析化学性质, 据此发展了一种在一定量SDS和SLS等阴离子表面活性剂存在下选择性测定SDBS的新方法, 方法灵敏、简便、快速,用于天然水和污水中SDBS的测定, 获得满意结果. 文中还对反应机理进行了讨论.     

Disruption of aggregates of a Zn2+-complex of a schiff base in water by surfactants: Insights from fluorescence spectroscopy in ensemble and single molecule levels

Schiff bases and their metal ion complexes have potential biological applications. It is important to study their interactions with biomimemtic assemblies in order to design such applications. To this effect, the nature and interaction between the aggregates of an organic fluorophore (Znsalampy) and surfactants viz. sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) have been monitored using bulk macroscopic techniques like steady state and time resolved fluorescence as well as single molecule techniques like Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS). The presence of more than one kind of aggregates is observed in neat aqueous solutions is confirmed by the complementary techniques. The more rigid aggregates are found to be less prone to disruption by surfactants. SDS is found to be significantly more effective than CTAB in breaking the aggregates of Znsalampy.     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra of ion-association nanoparticles of [Co(4-[(5-Chloro-2-pyridyl) azo]-1, 3-diaminobenzene)2]-sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate system and its analytical application

In pH 1.8-3.0 Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer solution, cobalt (II) reacts with 4-[(5-Chloro-2-pyridyl) azo]-1, 3-diaminobenzene (5-Cl-PADAB, L) to form a cationic chelate [CoL₂]²⁺. When interacting with anionic surfactants (AS) such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SLS), the chelate can only react with SDBS to form ternary ion-association complexes ([CoL₂][SDBS]₂). By virtue of the extrusion action of water and Van der Waals force, the hydrophobic ion-association complexes draw close to each other and further aggregate to form {[CoL₂][SDBS]₂}_n nanoparticles with an average diameter of 30 nm. As a result, resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) is enhanced greatly and new RRS spectra appear. Under the same conditions, both SDS and SLS exhibit no similar reactions and do not result in obvious change of RRS. Therefore, SDBS can be determined selectively by RRS method in the presence of SDS or SLS. The wavelength of 516 nm was chosen as a detection wavelength, the linear range and the detection limit (3σ) are 0.05-6.0 μg mL⁻¹ and 0.015 μg mL⁻¹ for the determination of SDBS, respectively. The characteristics of RRS spectra of the [CoL₂]²⁺-SDBS system, the optimum conditions of the reaction and the influencing factors have been investigated. The effects of coexisting substances have been examined too, indicating a good selectivity of the method for the determination of SDBS. The method can be used for the determination of SDBS in waste water and river water samples, and the results are satisfactory compared with those of standard samples of SDBS. Based on the formation of {[CoL₂][SDBS]₂}_n nanoparticles, a sensitive, simple and rapid method has been developed for the determination of SDBS in environmental water samples using a RRS technique. Moreover, the reaction mechanism was discussed.     

Anionic surfactant adsorption on to asphalt-covered clays

Asphalt adsorption from from water-saturated tolene on Na⁻ kaolinite, Ca²⁻ kaolinite, Na⁻ illite and Ca²⁻ illite clays was investigated. It was found that the kaolinite surface adsorbed more asphalt than illite for both the Na⁻ -and the Ca²⁻ exchanged forms. Adsorption from aqueous solutions of sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate (SDBS) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) on various asphalt-covered clays was also studied. The shape of the isotherms depended on the asphalt-clay substrate and showed a much lower adsorption of SDBS beyond the CMC. Desorption of asphalt from various clays with SDBS and SDS surfactants was measured spectrophotometrically. The percentage weight of asphalt desorbed with SDBS was twofold higher than that desorbed with SDS surfactant.     

Binding of sodium dodecyl sulfate to linear and star homopolymers of the nonionic poly(methoxyhexa(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) and the polycation poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate): electromotive force, isothermal titration calorimetry, surface tension, and small-angle neutron scattering measurements

We investigated the binding of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to various linear and star polymers of the nonionic methoxyhexa(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PMHEGMA) and the ionic 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (PDMAEMA), the latter being a polycation at low pH. The dodecyl sulfate ion selective electrode (EMF), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and surface tension (ST) were applied to gain detailed information about interactions. In all cases there is evidence of significant binding of SDS over an extensive SDS concentration range spanning from ca. 10(-6) to 0.1 mol dm(-3). At pH 3, the polymer PDMAEMA is a strong polycation and here the binding is dominated by electrostatic 1:1 charge neutralization with the anionic surfactant. At their natural pH of 8.6, PMHEGMA and PDMAEMA polymers are essentially nonionic and bind SDS in the form of polymer-bound aggregates in the concentration range of ca. 1 x 10(-3) to 3 x 10(-2) mol dm(-3). All the polymers also bind SDS to a lesser extent at concentrations below 1 x 10(-3) mol dm(-3) reaching as low as 10(-7) mol dm(-3). This low concentration binding process involves the polymer and nonassociated SDS monomers. As far as we are aware, this is the first example that such a low concentration noncooperative binding process could be observed in SDS/neutral polymer systems by EMF and ST. We also showed that the nonionic surfactant hexa(ethylene glycol) mono-n-dodecyl ether (C12EO6) and the cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (C16TAB) interact with star PDMAEMA. We believe that the interaction of C12EO6 and CTAB is of similar noncooperative type as the first SDS binding process in the range from ca. 10(-5) to 0.3 x 10(-3) mol dm(-3). At the high concentration binding limit Csat of SDS, the above polymers become fully saturated with bound SDS micelles. We applied small angle neutron scattering (SANS) to determine the structure and aggregation numbers of the star polymer/bound SDS micelles and calculated the stoichiometry of such supramolecular complexes. The SANS data on PDMAEMA star polymers in the presence of C12EO6 showed only a limited monomer binding in contrast to linear PDMAEMA, which showed monomer C12EO6 binding at low concentrations but micellar aggregates at 6 x 10(-3) mol dm(-3).     

Determination of the critical premicelle concentration, first critical micelle concentration and second critical micelle concentration of surfactants by resonance Rayleigh scattering method without any probe

The purpose of this work is to determine the values of critical premicelle concentration (CPMC), first critical micelle concentration (FCMC) and second critical micelle concentration (SCMC) of surfactants using a common spectrofluorophotometer by recording resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) signal without any probe. The plot of the RRS intensities at the maximum scattering wavelength (I(RRS)(max)) versus surfactant concentrations (c) was constructed to obtain the I(RRS)(max)-c curve. From the inflexions in I(RRS)(max)-c curve, the CPMC, FCMC and SCMC values of a surfactant can be obtained sensitively. The FCMC of some anionic, cationic and nonionic surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), Tween-20, and Tween-80 were determined by RRS method and the values are in good agreement with those obtained from conductivity and surface tension measurements and literature values. The CPMC and SCMC of SDS and CTAB were also determined by RRS method respectively and the values conform to literature values too. Furthermore, RRS method can also be used to determine the FCMC of an amphiphilic macromolecule-hemoglobin, whose structure resembles a surfactant. From the experimental results, it is concluded that RRS method can be applied to the simultaneous determination of the CPMC, FCMC and SCMC values in a sensitive, accurate and no probe way.     

二苯胺磺酸钠还原法制备粒径可控的金纳米粒子

采用二苯胺磺酸钠还原四氯合金酸的方法,在室温条件下,用SDS(十二烷基硫酸钠)、SDBS(十二烷基苯磺酸钠)作表面活性剂,成功地合成了金纳米粒子.分别讨论了还原剂二苯胺磺酸钠、表面活性剂(SDS、SDBS)及四氯台金酸的浓度等对金纳米粒子的粒径和形貌的影响.通过控制反应条件,可以合成出平均粒径大约为10、14、30、36nm的金纳米粒子.利用透射电镜(TEN)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱对金纳米粒子进行了表征.研究结果表明不同的SDS或SDBS/HAuCl4的摩尔比,对金纳米粒子的尺寸大小有影响.