含噁二唑杨梅素衍生物的合成及生物活性研究

合成了一系列含有1,3,4-噁二唑的杨梅素衍生物,所有化合物经~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR以及HRMS表征.生物活性测试表明,部分化合物对柑橘溃疡病菌(Xac)、水稻白叶枯病菌(Xoo)以及烟草花叶病病毒(TMV)具有较好的抑制作用.其中化合物4a、4b、4f、4j对柑橘溃疡病菌的EC_(50)分别为18.5、40.7、26.9和32.4μg/m L,优于对照药叶枯唑(68.8μg/m L);化合物4f、4j对水稻白叶枯的EC_(50)分别为45.9和35.7μg/m L,优于对照药叶枯唑(69.3μg/m L);对TMV治疗活性,化合物4n的EC_(50)值为272.8μg/m L,优于对照药宁南霉素(428.8μg/m L);对TMV保护活性,化合物4f的EC_(50)值为235.6μg/m L,优于对照药宁南霉素(447.9μg/m L).化合物4j与南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒P9-1作用的微量热涌动实验表明,该化合物与P9-1之间具有较强的相互作用.     

基于Ugi反应的含芳氨基甲酰基1-氰基-1-环丙烷甲酰胺类新化合物的合成、结构和生物活性研究

酮醇酸还原异构酶(KARI;EC 1.1.1.86)是植物和微生物(细菌、真菌)体内支链氨基酸生物合成过程中起催化作用的关键酶之一,可作为设计除草剂或杀菌剂的靶标.本工作在前期工作基础上,以1-氰基-1-环丙烷甲酸,芳基异腈,醛和胺为反应物,通过Ugi反应设计合成了一系列含芳氨基甲酰基1-氰基-1-环丙烷甲酰胺类新化合物8a~8p,经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和元素分析或HRMS确证了结构,并解析了化合物8m的晶体结构.初步生物活性测试结果表明,这些环丙烷双酰胺类衍生物是结构新颖的KARI酶抑制剂,其中8a~8c,8m,8n和8j在200 mg/L浓度下对水稻KARI酶具有94%~98%的抑制活性,8m的Ki为(77.91±30.15)μmol/L.化合物在50 mg/L浓度下对黄瓜枯萎病菌、花生褐斑病菌、苹果轮纹病菌、番茄早疫病菌和小麦赤霉病菌等5种植物病菌表现出显著抑制活性,整体来看8e和8p具有相对宽泛的抑菌谱,可作为新型抑菌剂苗头化合物进行深入研究.     

计算机辅助设计的新型胰蛋白酶抑制剂的合成及其抑制活性

以6-氰基-2-萘酚为原料,经两步反应制得6-羟基-2-萘甲脒甲磺酸盐(2)。利用分子对接法辅助设计,2分别与芳酸(1a~1h)反应,合成了8个萘甲脒蛋白酶抑制剂(3a~3h);硝基化合物(4)经还原反应合成了1个嘧啶胰蛋白酶抑制剂(3i)。以邻胺基苯酚为原料,经两步反应合成了1个嘧啶胰蛋白酶抑制剂(3j)。3b~3f为新化合物,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-ESI-MS表征。体外活性测试表明:6-甲脒基-2-萘酚4-(4-氨基丁酰胺)苯甲酸酯(3e)对胰蛋白酶有较好的抑制活性,其IC50为0.352μg·m L-1,优于奈莫司他(IC500.451μg·m L-1)。     

新型1,2,4-三氮唑类化合物的合成及其杀菌活性

以α-乙酰基-γ-丁内酯为原料,经亲核取代、开环、闭环和亲核取代反应制得1-氯-1-氯乙酰基环丙烷（5); 5与1,2,4-三氮唑反应制得1-三唑基乙酰-1-氯代环丙烷(6); 6与一系列卤代化合物进行亲核取代反应制得6个新化合物(7a~7f); 7a~7f经还原反应合成了6个新型的1,2,4 三氮唑类化合物(8a~8f),其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, LC-MS和元素分析表征。采用生长速率法研究了化合物的杀菌活性。结果表明：用药量为50 μg·mL^-1时,化合物8f对立枯丝核菌和禾谷镰孢菌的抑制率分别为56.8%和43.8%,化合物8e对黄瓜枯萎病菌的抑制率为57.9%。     

新型吡唑甲酰胺类化合物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以2-氰基乙酰胺为起始原料,与三乙氧基取代化合物经加成反应制得取代烯酰胺类化合物(3a~3c);3a~3c与芳肼经环合反应得取代吡唑-4-甲酰胺类化合物(5a~5d);5a~5d与酰氯经酰化反应合成了6个新型的1-芳基-3-取代-5-取代氨基-4-吡唑甲酰胺类化合物(7a~7f),其结构经1H NMR,MS和元素分析表征。抗肿瘤活性测试结果表明,7a~7f对人乳腺癌细胞(A)、人宫颈癌细胞(B)和人肝癌细胞(C)有一定抑制作用,其中3-甲基-5-[4-(甲磺酰胺基)苯甲酰胺]-1-苯基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺(7f)的抑制活性最好,对A,B和C的IC50分别为3.25μM,8.74μM和10.47μM。     

吡唑环桥连简约型长春碱类似物的设计合成

利用焦磷酰氯(P2O3Cl4)和DMF为Vilsmeier-Haack试剂,与2,3,3-三甲基-3H-吲哚反应生成二甲酰化中间体化合物,再与肼衍生物反应生成系列吡唑环桥连简约型长春碱类似物2a~2m.目标化合物的结构均经1H NMR,13C NMR和HRMS确证.初步的抗肿瘤活性数据表明,在50μmol/L的浓度下,大部分目标化合物对人乳腺癌细胞株(MCF-7)(estrogen-positive)和人肝癌细胞株(Hep G2)具有一定的抗肿瘤活性,其中2f和2j抗肿瘤作用较强,它们对MCF-7细胞株的存活率分别为28.0%和21.4%;而对Hep G2细胞株的存活率分别为31.6%和34.0%.     

基于HER_2受体的新型喹唑啉衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以取代4-[(4-硝基苯氧基)亚甲基]哌啶为原料,经还原、取代、suzuki和加成4步反应合成了6个新型的喹唑啉衍生物(5a~5f),其结构经1H NMR和ESI-MS表征。用MTT法考察了5a~5f对人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC),人肺癌细胞(A-549),乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)和人早幼粒白血病细胞(HL-60)的体外活性抑制活性。结果表明:环丙基【4-【【4-【【6-【5-{[(2-甲磺酰基乙基)氨基]甲基}呋喃-2-基】喹唑啉-4-基】氨基】苯氧基】甲基】哌啶-1-基】甲基酮(5b)抑制活性最好,其IC50分别为0.55μg·m L-1,0.18μg·m L-1,0.27μg·m L-1和5.24μg·m L-1,优于阳性对照药拉帕替尼。     

色胺酮衍生物设计、合成及抗肿瘤活性构效关系研究

首先合成吲哚醌衍生4a~4f,氧化水解得到邻氨基苯甲酸衍生物5a~5d.以这两者为原料设计合成A和/或D环取代的色胺酮衍生物1a~1q.然后,以色胺酮6位酮羰基分别与水合肼、盐酸羟胺反应生成C环席夫碱结构.最后,以哌嗪结构取代B环嘧啶酮合成茚(1,2-b)喹喔啉-11-酮.共设计合成20个化合物,其中新化合物13个.对所合成化合物的结构经红外光谱、核磁氢谱、元素分析确证.测定所合成化合物对肿瘤细胞A549的体外抑制活性.结果表明化合物1b,1c,1i,1j,1p和1q表现出较强的肿瘤细胞抑制活性,IC50值分别为3.58,0.99,1.03,2.10,0.51和0.43μmol·L-1.构效关系研究表明:D环卤素取代提高抗肿瘤活性,而取代基团在A环时则减弱抗肿瘤活性;B环(嘧啶环)被哌嗪环取代后抗肿瘤活性消失(IC50100μmol·L-1);而C环酮羰基生成席夫碱结构抗肿瘤活性与色胺酮相当.     

含1-[4-二(4-氟苯)甲基]哌嗪基团的异噁唑的设计合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

以1-[二(4-氟苯)甲基]哌嗪、溴丙炔及氯代肟为原料以21%~76%的收率制得了12个含有1-[4-二(4-氟苯)甲基哌嗪单元的异噁唑衍生物5a~5l.合成的12个目标化合物通过熔点测定和质谱、红外光谱、元素分析及核磁共振氢谱和碳谱分析对其结构进行确证.经体外抗肿瘤活性测试表明,在20μg/m L的浓度下,有10个化合物对细胞周期分裂蛋白25B(CDC25B)具有较好的抑制活性,其抑制率为64.15%~97.96%,IC_(50)为35.62~13.67μg/m L.在40μmol/L的浓度下,其中四个化合物对白血病HL-60细胞的IC_(50)为36.51~15.25μg/m L,2-(2-氟苯基)-5-(1-(二(4-氟苯)甲基)哌嗪)甲基异噁唑(5g),2-(2-氟苯基)-5-(1-(二(4-氟苯)甲基)哌嗪)甲基异噁唑(5h)对肺癌A-549肿瘤细胞的IC_(50)分别为21.09和35.36μg/m L.     

含苯并香豆素的喹唑啉-4-酮衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤、抗菌活性

利用Heck偶联反应制备了3,4-苯并香豆素醛,继而与邻氨基苯甲酰胺反应,设计合成了连有苯并香豆素并含氨基侧链的喹唑啉-4-酮衍生物3a~3e和4a,并评价了化合物的抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性及抑菌活性.化合物3e和4a具有中等的抗宫颈癌和乳腺癌细胞增殖活性,IC_(50)值分别为22.63和23.35μmol/L.部分化合物(50μg/m L)对大肠杆菌具有显著的抑制活性,抑菌率在89%以上.2-苯基-4-[2-(哌啶-1-基)乙氧基]喹唑啉(1b)对尖孢镰刀菌和立枯丝核菌以及3d对大丽轮枝菌真菌的抑制率均为100%.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.