钢铁中硫的测定方法研究进展

综述了从1979-2009年间测定钢铁中硫元素分析方法的研究进展。钢铁材料中硫元素的主要分析方法包括红外吸收光谱法、原子发射光谱法、离子色谱法、质谱法、电化学方法、分光光度法、滴定分析法、重量法和原子荧光光谱法;并对钢铁中硫元素的分析方法进行了展望(引用文献54篇)。     

锆基合金中元素分析方法的研究进展

综述了近年来原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法、分光光度法、滴定法、X射线荧光光谱法和质谱法等测定锆基合金中相关元素的分析方法及研究进展(引用文献64篇)。     

钛基材料中元素分析方法研究进展

综述了钛基材料中组分元素测定方法的近年研究进展情况,涉及分析方法有原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法、分光光度法、滴定法、X射线荧光光谱法、质谱法、红外/热导法等(引用文献73篇)。     

样品基体化学改进剂-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定镍合金中痕量铋

镍基合金是航空工业的重要金属材料,合金中铋、铅、锡等易挥发元素的含量对合金材料性能影响很大[1,2].原子光谱法常被用于分析镍基合金中的痕量元素,如火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)、氢化物发生-原子吸收(荧光)光谱法(HG-AAS/AFS) [3]、电感耦合等离子体-质谱法(ICP-MS).     

地质样品中总锡测定方法的研究进展

综述了地质样品中总锡分析方法(包括容量法、分光光度法、氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法、原子吸收光谱法、极谱法、原子发射光谱法、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法、X射线荧光光谱法)的研究进展。     

中药中痕量铅测定方法的研究进展

综述了近年(2000-2016年)来国内外中药中痕量铅的测定方法的研究进展,包括原子吸收光谱法、紫外-可见分光光度法、原子发射光谱法、原子荧光光谱法、电化学分析法、高效液相色谱法、质谱法和生物传感器法等(引用文献112篇)。     

钙锶镁同时测定方法的研究进展

对应用于钙、锶和镁同时测定的分析方法如原子吸收光谱法、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法、离子色谱法、X-射线荧光光谱法等的现状(主要在1997—2009年间发表的文献)及相关的原理、方法的特点及不足之处作了综述(引用文献63篇)。     

锗分析方法的研究进展

对2000～2008年间有关锗分析方法的研究进展作了综述。内容包括滴定法、分光光度法、荧光光谱法、原子荧光光谱法、原子吸收光谱法、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法和电化学法等,指出了各分析方法的特点和不足,展望了这些分析方法在锗分析中的应用前景(引用文献65篇)。     

稀有分散元素分析方法的研究进展

综述了1990年以来国内外关于镓、铟、铊、锗、硒和碲等稀有分散元素的样品分解方法、分离富集方法以及主要的检测方法,检测方法包括分光光度法、分子荧光光谱法、原子荧光光谱法、原子吸收光谱法、电化学分析法、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法、中子活化分析法和化学发光法等,指出了各分析方法的特点和不足,并展望了这些方法在稀有分散元素分析中的应用前景(引用文献90篇)。     

晶体硅材料中杂质元素分析方法研究进展

综述了晶体硅材料中杂质元素含量测定的分析方法研究进展。晶体硅材料中杂质元素的分析方法主要包括红外吸收法、二次离子质谱法、中子活化分析法、辉光放电质谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法、X射线光谱分析及其它分析方法,引用文献41篇。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。