流通池介质交换差示脉冲阳极溶出伏安法用于多元素重叠峰的分…

本文用流通池介质交换差示脉冲阳极溶出伏安法在盐酸介质中富集，而以碳酸钠－碳酸氢钠缓冲溶液为溶出介质，有效地分离了酸性介质中Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）、Ｓｂ（Ⅲ）、Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）、Ｔｌ（Ⅰ）、Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）、Ｉｎ（Ⅲ）的重叠溶出峰，实现了多离子的同时测定。     

流通池介质交换DPASV法同时测定铜铋锑铊铅锡

本实验用流通池介质交换技术有效的解决了酸性介质中Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）、Ｂｉ（Ⅲ）、Ｓｂ（Ⅲ）、Ｔ１（Ⅱ）、Ｐｂ（Ⅱ），Ｓｎ（Ⅳ）阳极溶出峰的重叠，进而实现了六种金属离子的同时测定。     

流通电解池-连续介质交换差示脉冲阳极溶出伏安法同时测定镉、铟

本文采用自制流通电解池,在盐酸溶液中富集Cd(Ⅱ),In(Ⅲ),经连续介质交换,在选定的乙二胺-氯化钠溶液中进行差示脉冲阳极溶出。得到的镉、铟溶出峰△Ep≥100mV。波形完好。从根本上解决了盐酸溶液中Cd(Ⅱ)、In(Ⅲ)的阳极溶出峰相重叠的问题。建立了一个灵敏、快速,同时测定镉、铟的分析方法。     

简易电解池—改换介质—阳极溶出伏安法

采用自制的简易电解池，以圆盘旋转玻碳电极为工作电极，用于阳极溶出伏安法改换溶出介质的可行性研究。以同时测定Ｃｕ（Ⅱ），Ｓｂ（Ⅲ）为例，试验了改换溶出介质的条件。此方法用于矿样中铜和锑的同时测定，结果满意。     

流通池—介质交换—阳极溶出伏安法同时测定铜,锑,铋

本文研究了同时测定Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）Ｓｂ（Ⅲ）Ｂｉ（Ⅲ）的方法。在盐酸溶液中对Ｃｕ（Ⅱ），Ｓｂ（Ⅲ），Ｂｉ（Ⅲ）进行预电解富集，经介质交换在选定的丙二酸－盐酸溶液中进行了差示脉冲阳极溶出伏安法（ＤＰＡＳＶ）测定，相邻溶出峰的△Ｆｐ＞８０ｍＶ，波形完好。     

双向溶出伏安法同时检测金和铜

本文首次提出双向溶出伏安法 ,并将该方法用于同时检测水溶液中的Au(Ⅲ )和Cu(Ⅱ ) .采用细菌修饰的碳糊电极做工作电极 ,于阳极富集 ,阴极溶出测定Au(Ⅲ ) ,同时在碳糊电极上再修饰上一层超细微粒金膜 .然后 ,在金电极上进行阴极富集 ,阳极溶出检测Cu(Ⅱ ) .该法仪器设备简单、操作简便 .Au(Ⅲ )与Cu(Ⅱ )的检测信号分别在阴极、阳极两个方向显示 ,分辨率高 .Au(Ⅲ )在 0 .2～ 1μg/mL、Cu(Ⅱ )在 2～ 10ng/mL浓度范围内 ,均有良好线性关系 ,其检测限依次为 2 0ng/mL和 0 .5ng/mL ,8次平行测定RSD小于 3%     

金属配合物的电位溶出法研究

镉(Ⅱ)-硫氰酸根体系的稳定常数及配位数的测定前人已做了许多工作.但用电位溶出法研究Cd(Ⅱ)-NH_4SCN-NaClO_4-H_2O体系未见报道.我们在NaClO_4介质中,控制离子强度为3.00,用电位溶出法研究了这一体系.根据周端赐、张祖训推导的简单金属离子电位一时间方程:     

利用碘离子增感效应和金电极导数阳极溶出法研究铜、铅和镉的同时测定

本文使用金电极为工作电极,银-氯化银电极为参比电极,铂电极为对电极,在硫酸-碘化四乙基铵介质中减小了铋对铜的干扰,提高了铅、镉测定灵敏度.用导数阳极溶出法,可同时测定铜、铅和镉,它们的溶出峰电位分别为 0.25,-0.12和-0.27V、检测下限分别可达:铜(Ⅱ)和铅(Ⅱ)0.2ppb,镉(Ⅱ)0.05ppb.在选定的条件下,溶出峰电流与浓度很好地成线性关系.本文还用三角波循环伏安法观察了电极反应过程.     

聚拉莫三嗪修饰玻碳电极测定痕量铜(Ⅱ)的研究

在稀H2SO4介质中,采用循环伏安法制备了聚拉莫三嗪膜修饰玻碳电极(PLTG/GCE),将制得的膜修饰电极(PLTG/GCE)在一定电位下选择性预富集Cu(Ⅱ),并用差分脉冲溶出伏安法测定.结果表明,该膜修饰电极对Cu(Ⅱ)的富集作用明显强于裸玻碳电极.对电聚合条件、富集和溶出介质、富集时间及富集电位等实验参数进行了考察,在优化实验条件下,Cu(Ⅱ)的浓度在4.0×10-9～1.3×10-7mol· L-1范围内与溶出峰电流呈线性关系,相关系数为0.9999,检出限为1.5×10-9 mol·L-1.该修饰电极具有较高的灵敏度和选择性,用于实际水样的分析,平均回收率为98.7％.     

贵金属合金中铟的定量萃取

Stralow等人曾提出在盐酸-丙酮介质中,离子交换色层法进行铟与多种金属离子的分离,对Au(Ⅲ)、pt(Ⅳ)、pd(Ⅱ)、Rh(Ⅲ)等与In(Ⅲ)的离子交换色层分离也作了评价,但对Ir(Ⅲ)、Ir(Ⅳ)、Ag(Ⅰ)的分离未做定量研究。萃取分离在微量铟的分析中早有应用,本文对在盐酸和氢溴酸介质中用乙酸乙酯(EAc)从多种金属离子中定量萃取分离铟的条件进行了实验。结果表明,在3.5—5.5M HBr介质中EAc能定量萃取In(Ⅲ),并与Pt(Ⅳ)、Pd(Ⅱ)、Rh(Ⅲ)、Ir(Ⅳ)、     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.