PSF/SPSF高分子合金膜的膜材料对膜性能的影响

介绍了PSF与SPSF共混对合金膜的成膜性能和机械性能的影响 .二者共混改善了PSF的亲水性 ,提高了PSF膜的耐污染性 ,并且合金膜获得比PSF膜高的渗透通量     

静电纺PES微球/纤维低阻力复合空气过滤膜的研究

采用静电纺丝技术,制备了聚醚砜(PES)纤维膜,探讨了其溶液浓度对所纺纤维微观形貌的影响,同时研究了纤维膜的面密度对过滤效率和压降的影响.为降低过滤压降,在纤维中加入微球,研究了纤维与微球复合方式对过滤性能的影响.复合纤维膜是以聚丙烯(PP)无纺布为支撑层,与所制纤维膜相比过滤效率和压降可忽略不计.实验结果表明,PES浓度为280 g/L时,所得纤维粗细均匀,平均直径为510 nm;PES浓度为200 g/L时,得到PES微球结构,微球直径2.74μm.当PES纤维膜的面密度由7.5 g/m2增至10.5 g/m2时,过滤压降则由706.58 Pa升至1444.52 Pa,且过滤效率均可到达99.99%.这表明面密度对过滤压降的影响大于对过滤效率的影响.在两层纤维膜间加入微球,过滤压降、效率均会出现明显下降,但在纤维间引入适量微球,则会降低过滤压降,而纤维膜过滤效率不受影响,若微球量加入过多,反而会增加过滤压降.     

PEU/PES共混膜的制备工艺条件研究

利用L-S相转化法将聚醚型聚氨酯（PEU）和聚醚砜（PES）共混,以聚乙二醇（PEG）为添加剂,制备PEU/PES共混膜,并通过测定比较共混膜的结构与性能.结果表明：聚合物浓度、共混组成比、添加剂种类与浓度是影响PEU/PES共混膜性能的主要因素.     

DMFC用PES/SPEEK共混阻醇质子交换膜

将磺化聚醚醚酮(SPEEK, 磺化度DS为68.3%)和聚醚砜(PES)两种聚合物共混制得PES/SPEEK共混膜. DSC研究表明两种聚合物之间具有较好的相容性, 因而共混膜均匀致密, 未发生大尺度相分离. PES的混入能有效降低膜的溶胀度及甲醇透过系数. 纯SPEEK 膜40 ℃时在1 mol•L−1甲醇水溶液中溶胀度达到160%, 45 ℃时就完全溶解, 而含30%(w)PES的共混膜在80 ℃时的溶胀度仅有15%. 室温下含20%−30%(w)PES的共混膜的甲醇透过系数为1×10−7 cm2•s−1左右, 比Nafion 115膜的透过系数小一个数量级. 尽管80 ℃下30%(w)PES/SPEEK共混膜的电导率与Nafion 115膜相当, 但由于共混膜的厚度比Nafion 115膜小1/3左右, 膜电阻较小, 因而其电池性能比Nafion 115膜的好.     

聚酰亚胺对高性能树脂共混体系界面的反应增强

研究了以5-降冰片烯-2,3-二羧酸单甲酯为端基的PMR型聚酰亚胺(POI)作为界面介质对部分相容的聚醚砜/聚苯硫醚(PES/PPS)、聚醚醚酮/聚醚砜(PEEK/PES)共混体系的界面性质、形态结构及结晶行为的影响.结果表明,POI可以有效地增强两相间的界面粘结,显著降低PPS/PES共混物中PPS分散区的尺寸,改善两组分间的相容性.在熔融共混过程中,POI从本体向界面扩散并同PPS,PES产生交联和/或接枝,POI同PPS的反应活性远高于PES,但POI与PES发生反应.POI是PPS结晶的有效成核剂.     

聚乙烯醇(PVA)/壳聚糖(CS)合金膜的醇-水渗透汽化分离性能研究

在表征了PVA/CS共混体系相容性的基础上,本文报导MeOH-H_2O,EtOH-H_2O和i-PrOH-H_2O体系在PVA,CS及其合金膜中的渗透汽化行为。讨论了温度、料液浓度、合金膜的组成对分离性质的影响。从膜的分子和聚集态结构出发对相关的渗透行为进行了解释。对于PVA、CS及其合金膜来说,膜内自由体积大小看来是影响分离性能的主要因素,小分子在膜中的渗透性质主要是由扩散控制的。     

聚醚砜与含萘环的聚芳醚酮增容共混物的研究

以双酚S型含萘环的聚芳醚酮为增容剂,研究了对聚醚砜(PES)与对苯二酚型-1,4-萘环的聚芳醚酮(1,4-NA-PAEK)共混体系的相容性及力学性能.结果表明,双酚S型含萘环的聚芳醚酮可显著降低PES/NA-PAEK共混体系中NA-PAEK分散相尺寸,改善两组分间的相容性,并且增容剂的加入使共混体系形成了双连续的互锁结构,提高了共混物的力学性能.     

脱溶剂速度对聚砜/磺化聚砜合金膜结构和性能的影响

介绍了铸膜液温度、成膜过程中的蒸发时间、环境湿度、凝胶浴温度对聚砜/磺化聚砜合金膜的渗透、分离性能的影响.随环境相对湿度、凝胶浴温度增大,合金膜的水通量增大,截留率下降;蒸发时间延长,合金膜的水通量通过一个极大值,截留率呈现下降趋势.     

高分子合金分离膜材料及结构研究进展

膜材料液相共混制备高分子合金分离膜不但可以调节膜材料与被分离物的亲和性，也在一定程度上改变了膜的结构。本文介绍高分子材料浓相共混对膜材料的亲水性、耐污染性及其它理化性能的影响和对膜结构的调节作用，同时指出高分子材料间的相容性是影响合金膜结构的重要因素。     

填充液压力对聚醚砜中空纤维膜微结构和性能的影响

研究了聚醚砜／二甲基亚砜(PEs／DMS0)体系中填充液压力的变化对PES中空纤维结构及性能的影响。结果表明,随着填充液压力的增大,中空纤维膜的水通量增大,轴向取向度下降。为纺制具有合适性能的中空纤维膜提供参考。     

Polysulfone Membranes via Thermally Induced Phase Separation

Polysulfone (PSF) membranes have gained great attention in the fields of ultrafiltration,microfiltration,and thin film composite membranes for nanofiltration or reverse osmosis.For the first time,it is proposed to fabricate PSF membranes via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) process using diphenyl sulfone (DPSO2) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as mixed diluent.DPSO2 is chosen as a crystallizable diluent,while PEG is considered in terms of molecular weight (Mw) and dosage.We systematically investigate the interactions between PSF,DPSO2 and PEG based on the simulation calculations and solubility parameter theory.It is inferred that DPSO2 has an excellent compatibility with PSF,and the addition of PEG results in the ternary system thermodynamically less stable and then facilitates its liquid-liquid (L-L) phase separation.SEM images indicate that cellular-like pores are obvious throughout the membrane when the PEG content in the mixed diluent is 25 wt％-35 wt％.We can facilely manipulate the pore size,water flux and mechanical properties of PSF membranes with the dosage of PEG-200,the Mw of PEG or the cooling rate.The successful application of TIPS can provide a new approach for structure manipulation and performance enhancement of PSF membranes.     

Pervaporation separation of water/ethanol mixture by TGN/PSF blending membrane

The separation performance of plasticizer/polysulfone (TGN/PSF) pervaporation membrane was studied. The optimum amount of plasticizer (TGN) in PSF membranes improved the diffusion selectivity of water to ethanol, which was due to the increase in the permeate diffusion rate difference between water to ethanol molecules. On the other hand, the solubility selectivity of water to ethanol in PSF membrane showed a minor change with increasing the plasticizer content in TGN/PSF membrane. The feed ethanol concentration showed a significant influence on the degree of swelling as well as the separation performance of TGN/PSF membrane. It was found that the dominant factor of permeate transport through membranes was the diffusion rate difference, especially at high ethanol concentrations in feed. This study indicated that a good separation performance could be achieved at high ethanol concentrations in feed. This investigation also proves that the flexible polymer chain mobility, which was due to both the addition of TGN in the membrane and the swelling effect of the membrane at the high ethanol concentration in feed solution, strongly influences the separation properties of TGN/PSF membrane.     

Polysulfone membranes <Emphasis Type="Italic">via</Emphasis> thermally induced phase separation

Polysulfone (PSF) membranes have gained great attention in the fields of ultrafiltration, microfiltration, and thin film composite membranes for nanofiltration or reverse osmosis. For the first time, it is proposed to fabricate PSF membranes via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) process using diphenyl sulfone (DPSO2) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as mixed diluent. DPSO2 is chosen as a crystallizable diluent, while PEG is considered in terms of molecular weight (M _w) and dosage. We systematically investigate the interactions between PSF, DPSO2 and PEG based on the simulation calculations and solubility parameter theory. It is inferred that DPSO2 has an excellent compatibility with PSF, and the addition of PEG results in the ternary system thermodynamically less stable and then facilitates its liquid-liquid (L-L) phase separation. SEM images indicate that cellular-like pores are obvious throughout the membrane when the PEG content in the mixed diluent is 25 wt%?35 wt%. We can facilely manipulate the pore size, water flux and mechanical properties of PSF membranes with the dosage of PEG-200, the M _w of PEG or the cooling rate. The successful application of TIPS can provide a new approach for structure manipulation and performance enhancement of PSF membranes.     

（PSF—PDMS—PHS）n／PSF共混物的相容性及表面组成

利用ＤＳＣ、ＤＭＡ、ＴＥＭ和ＸＰＳ对［ＰＳＦ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ］ｎ／ＰＳＦ共混物的相容性及表面组成进行了研究．结果表明，ＰＤＭＳ在共混物表面的富集与ＰＳＦ均聚物和［ＰＳＦ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ］ｎ中硬段的相容性有关；ＰＤＭＳ在相容的共混物体系表面的富集与对应的多嵌段共聚物组成基本相近；不相容共混物体系表面ＰＤＭＳ的富集程度相对较高，当共混物本体中有机硅含量从１％增至５％，表面层ＰＤＭＳ的含量迅速增加，可达到嵌段共聚物中ＰＤＭＳ的含量．     

EPOXY RESIN TOUGHENED BY THERMOPLASTICS

Two kinds of tough ductile heatresisting thermoplastic, namely bisphenol A polysulfone (PSF) and polyethersulfone (PES) were used to toughen thermoset epoxy resin. A systematic study on the relationship between the molecular weight and the terminal group of the thermoplastic modifier and the fracture toughness of the modified resin was carried out. The morphology of PSF modified epoxy resin was surveyed. With the same kind of PSF the structure of the epoxy resin and the toughening effect of PSF was also investigated. The fractography of PSF, particle modified epoxy was examined in detail with SEM. The contribution of every possible energy absorption process has been discussed. Crack pinning mechanism seems to be the most important toughening mechanism for tough ductile thermoplastic PSF particle modified epoxy system.     

PA-130/CA合金膜材料的研制及其性能

采用溶液共混和液-固相转变法(L-S)制备了用于高效液相色谱(HPLC)柱填料的共聚尼龙/醋酸纤维素共混物(PA-130/CA)。以小分子量化合物为探针分子,用HPLC数据表征了PA-130/CA合金膜材料的界面性能,并研究了其合金膜材料的相容性和热稳定性。结果表明:PA-130与CA有很好的相容性;该合金膜的热稳定性比纯CA膜的有所提高;质量比为30/70的PA-130/CA合金膜对不离解极性有机物的分离效率更高。     

Thermal degradation mechanism of poly(arylene sulfone)s by stepwise Py‐GC/MS

The thermal degradation of poly(ether sulfone) (PES) and polysulfone (PSF) was studied with a combination of thermogravimetric analysis and stepwise pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry techniques with consecutive heating of the samples at fixed temperature intervals (100 °C) to achieve narrow‐temperature pyrolysis conditions. The individual mass chromatograms of various pyrolysates were correlated with pyrolysis temperatures to elucidate the pyrolysis mechanism. The major mechanism for both PES and PSF was a one‐stage pyrolysis involving main‐chain random scission and carbonization. The major products SO₂ and phenol were released from the sulfone and ether groups in PES. The major products SO₂, phenol, and 1‐methyl‐4‐phenoxybenzene were released from the sulfone, ether, and isopropylene groups in PSF. In the PES, the thermal stability of the sulfone and ether groups was identical to the maximum thermogravimetric loss rate. In the PSF, the thermal stability was in the following order: sulfone < ether < isopropylene. The temperature of the maximum thermogravimetric loss rate was similar to the maximum evolution of phenol. However, there was a considerable difference in the thermal behavior of both polymers; the correlation of the polymer structure to the degradation mechanism is discussed. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 583–593, 2000     

成膜条件对聚醚砜超滤膜性能和结构的影响

以聚醚砜(PES)为膜材,聚乙二醇600(PEG600)为添加剂,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂,纯水为凝固浴,用相转化法制备聚醚砜超滤膜.详细探讨了PES浓度、添加剂含量、凝固浴温度对膜性能和结构的影响规律,确定了制备高水通量、高截留率聚醚砜超滤膜的最佳工艺条件.     

Preparation and performance evaluation of carboxylic acid containing polyamide incorporated microporous ultrafiltration PES membranes

Improved ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by the phase inversion technique via immersion precipitation of synthesized carboxylic acid containing polyamide (CPA) and polyethersulfone (PES) in dimethylacetamide. The CPA was synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry analyses. Next, the influence of CPA adding and its different concentrations on the performances and membrane structure were investigated. The obtained membranes were characterized by means of FTIR in the attenuated total reflection mode, scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle. The membrane performance studies revealed that the presence of CPA in the membrane structure increased water permeability while reducing protein fouling. It turned out that the PES/CPA membranes had better porosity, more hydrophilic surface, and more vertically finger‐like pores in comparison with the bare PES membrane. When the CPA concentration in the blending solution reached 1 wt%, the water permeability increased from 7.3 to 153.6 L/m² h¹. The attenuated total reflection‐FTIR analysis confirmed that CPA was captured in the membrane matrix.