芴-氮杂萘酮-聚芳醚酮离聚物的合成与性能

以双酚芴、双酚A型二氮杂萘酮、二氟二苯酮和二氟二苯酮磺酸钠为原料, 通过调整4种单体的比例以及加料顺序控制缩聚反应, 制备了一系列具有不同离子交换容量的含芴和二氮杂萘酮联苯单元的嵌段聚芳醚酮, 简称芴-氮杂萘酮-聚芳醚酮离聚物. 采用黏度测试、傅里叶衰减全反射红外光谱(FTIR-ATR)、氢谱(1H NMR)和热失重(TGA)等分析方法, 对不同结构的芴-氮杂萘酮-聚芳醚酮离聚物的分子量、结构及热稳定性进行了表征. 实验结果表明, 采用控制缩聚法能够制备出不同离子交换容量的高分子量芴-氮杂萘酮-聚芳醚酮离聚物, 该系列离聚物具有良好的热稳定性. 对该系列离聚物膜进行了抗氧化性、水解稳定性、吸水率、耐醇性、离子交换容量和质子传导率测试. 测试结果表明, 该系列离聚物具有良好的抗氧化性、水解稳定性、耐醇性、质子传导率和适当的吸水率.     

含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳醚腈酮酮的合成及表征

以5种含杂萘联苯结构的单体与2,6-二氯苯腈、1,4-二(4-氟代苯甲酰基)苯为原料进行亲核缩聚反应,制备了一系列含有杂萘联苯结构的新型聚芳醚腈酮酮树脂.其特性粘度在0.51~1.15 dL.g-1之间.采用FT-IR,示差扫描量热仪(DSC),热重分析仪(TGA)对聚合物的结构和性能进行了表征,结果表明,聚芳醚腈酮酮的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)在252~294℃之间,10%热失重温度(Td)在457℃以上,具有优异的耐热性能.聚芳醚腈酮酮均可溶解于N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、和氯仿等极性非质子型有机溶剂中,聚合物均可溶解于NMP后浇铸得到透明的、韧性好的薄膜.     

PPEKK/PEI共混物的相容性及拉伸性能

作为相容体系 ,聚芳醚酮与聚醚酰亚胺 (ＰＥＩ)共混物体系的研究受到了研究者的重视[1～ 4] .由于现在已商品化的聚芳醚酮基本上都是半结晶型聚合物 ,所以有有关无定型聚芳醚酮与聚醚酰亚胺共混物的研究鲜见报道 .含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳醚酮酮 (ＰＰＥＫＫ)是一种新型耐高温聚合物 ,相比于已经商品化的各种聚芳醚酮 ,ＰＰＥＫＫ除具有优异的综合性能外 ,它最大的特点表现在以下两方面 ,ＰＰＥＫＫ耐热性突出 ,玻璃化转变温度 (Ｔｇ)为 2 4 5℃左右 ,远高于各种商品化的聚芳醚酮 ;ＰＰＥＫＫ为无定型聚合物 ,易溶于多种有机极性溶剂 ,大大的扩…     

二甲基取代杂环联苯聚芳醚的合成与性能

由自制的二甲基取代类双酚4-(3,5-二甲基-4-羟基苯基)-2,3-二氮杂萘-1-酮(DM-HPPZ)单体和4,4'-二氟二苯酮、4,4'-二氯二苯砜进行亲核缩聚反应,制备了一类新型的二甲基取代聚芳醚酮、聚芳醚砜及其共聚物聚芳醚砜酮树脂材料.在适宜的聚合条件下,获得了高分子量的聚合物,其特性粘度为0.44～0.75DL·g^-1.利用DSC和TGA研究了聚合物的耐热性能,结果表明,新型聚芳醚玻璃化温度高(568～595K),耐热稳定性好(5%热失重温度大于416℃);拉伸强度为45.4～85.0MPa,力学性能优良.新型聚芳醚在氯仿、DMAc等极性有机溶剂中可溶解并浇铸得到透明、韧性高的薄膜.共聚物结合了聚醚酮好的力学性能和聚醚砜高的耐热性的特点,因此综合性能更佳.     

含芴和双酚AF型氮杂萘酮的两亲嵌段聚芳醚砜酮离聚物的合成与性能

采取"二锅二步"的聚合方法以双酚芴、4,4'-二氯二苯砜、双酚AF型二氮杂萘酮、二氟二苯酮磺酸钠为原料制备了含芴-聚芳醚砜憎水链段和双酚AF型二氮杂萘酮-磺化聚芳醚酮亲水链段的两亲嵌段聚芳醚砜酮离聚物,通过调整4种单体的比例以及预聚合、再缩合聚合工艺制备了一系列具有不同链段尺寸的芴-双酚AF型氮杂萘酮-两亲嵌段聚芳醚砜酮离聚物质子交换膜材料.通过黏度测试、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、氢谱(1H-NMR)、热失重(TGA)等分析方法,对离聚物的结构和性能进行了表征,用蒸发溶剂法制备了质子交换膜,并考察膜的各种性能.实验结果表明,该系列离聚物的结构可控,热稳定性良好,5 wt%热失重温度均高于250℃;由其制备的质子交换膜具有良好的耐醇性和耐甲醇渗透性能、优异的抗氧化性和水解稳定性、以及适当的质子导电率和吸水率,室温下该系列膜的甲醇渗透率在0.23×10-6～0.28×10-6cm2/s,比Nafion 117具有更好的耐甲醇渗透性能;80℃下该系列膜的质子导电率与30℃时相比呈现倍增趋势,离聚物8e膜的质子导电率在80℃下达到了1.83×10-3S/cm.     

含氮杂环聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的性能

聚芳醚酮是一种新型热塑性耐高温高分子材料,具有优异的力学性能、电性能、抗辐射性能等,特别适合作高性能复合材料的基质及超级工程塑料,关于聚芳醚酮已有多篇文章报道,而基于C-N偶合反应合成的聚芳醚酮报道甚少^[1],我们曾报道含氮杂环聚醚酮酮PPEKK的合成^[2].本文以1,4-二(4-氯代苯甲酰基)苯,4,4′-二氟二苯酮及4-(4-羟基苯基)-2,3-二氮杂 萘-1-酮为原料,合成了主链中含有C—N键的新型含氮杂环聚芳醚酮三元共聚物 (PPEKEKK),对共聚物的结构和性能进行了表征.     

新型含硼聚芳醚酮的制备、性能及在偶氮聚芳醚酮合成中的应用

利用双酚A型聚芳醚酮与联硼酸频哪醇酯在[Ir(COD)Cl]2和4,4'-二叔丁基-2,2'-联吡啶催化下反应,制备了新型含硼酸酯双酚A型聚芳醚酮,通过控制联硼酸频哪醇酯的投入量来实现硼酸酯的定量引入.再经过高碘酸钠作用得到含硼酸双酚A型聚芳醚酮,最后,通过高效Suzuki-Miyaura反应将偶氮定量引入到聚芳醚酮主链.利用核磁共振(1H NMR)确定了聚合物的结构,利用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)确定了聚合物的分子量,利用差示扫描量热分析(DSC)和热失重分析(TGA)研究了聚合物的热性能,利用紫外-可见光谱(UVVis)研究了偶氮聚芳醚酮的光谱学性能.     

含1,4-萘基结构的聚芳醚酮的合成与表征

以无水AlCl3为催化剂 ,N 甲基吡咯烷酮为助剂 ,ClCH2 CH2 Cl为溶剂 ,将一种含萘环的新芳醚单体——— 4 ,4’ 二 (α 萘氧基 )二苯酮 (DNBP)分别与对苯二甲酰氯、间苯二甲酰氯、2 ,5 二氯对苯二甲酰氯等芳二酰氯通过低温溶液亲电共缩聚反应合成了 6种主链含 1,4 萘基结构的新型聚芳醚酮醚酮酮无规共聚物。考察了溶剂体系、反应温度、反应时间、单体摩尔浓度等聚合反应条件对聚合物分子量的影响 ,并用对数比浓粘度 (ηinh) ,IR ,DSC ,TG和WAXD等方法对其进行了分析表征。结果表明 :它们均为非晶态聚合物 ,有较高的玻璃化温度和优良的耐热性 ,可溶于一些强极性非质子溶剂中。并以CHCl3为溶剂 ,甲醇和正己烷为沉降剂用浊度滴定法测定了上述 6种聚合物的溶度参数 (δ)。     

新型含环氧端基聚芳醚酮的合成及表征

以 4,4′ 二氟二苯酮和 4 (4 羟基苯基 ) 2 ,3 二氮杂萘 1 酮经亲核取代逐步聚合制得含二氮杂萘酮结构的聚芳醚酮低聚物 ,再与环氧氯丙烷反应制得了所需分子量的含环氧端基的聚芳醚酮 (E PPEK) .用FT IR和1H NMR表征了分子链结构 ,并测定了聚合物的玻璃化转变温度Tg 和溶解性 .     

含1,4-萘结构三元聚芳醚酮的物理性能

聚芳醚酮共聚物;含1;4-萘结构三元聚芳醚酮的物理性能     

PES／PC共混体系的相容性与力学性能

ＰＥＳ／ＰＣ共混体系的相容性与力学性能姜振华，马荣堂，寇喜春，安立佳（吉林大学化学系长春）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春１３００２２）关键词聚醚砜，聚碳酸酯，共混物，力学性能聚醚砜（ＰＥＳ）是一种性能优异的特种工程塑料，它具有强度高、刚性大、耐热...     

Mechanical,aging, optical and rheological properties of toughening polylactide by melt blending with poly(ethylene glycol) based copolymers

Two novel biodegradable copolymers, including poly(ethylene glycol)-succinate copolymer (PES) and poly(ethylene glycol)-succinate-l-lactide copolymer (PESL), have been successfully synthesized via melt polycondensation using SnCl₂ as a catalyst. The copolymers were used to toughen PLA by melt blending. The DSC and SEM results indicated that the two copolymers were compatible well with PLA, and the compatibility of PESL was superior to that of PES. The results of tensile testing showed that the extensibility of PLA was largely improved by blending with PES or PESL. At same blending ratios, the elongation at break of PLA/PESL blends was far higher than that of PLA/PES ones. The elongation maintained stable through aging for 3 months. The moisture absorption of the blends enhanced due to the strong moisture absorption of PEG segments in PES or PESL molecules, which did not directly lead to enhance the hydrolytic degradation rate of the PLA. The PLA blends containing 20–30 wt% PES or PESL were high transparent materials with high light scattering. The toughening PLA materials could potentially be used as a soft biodegradable packaging material or a special optical material.     

Compatibilized natural rubber/recycled ethylene-propylene-diene rubber blends by biocompatibilizer

Biocompatibilizer-based refined, bleached, deodorized palm stearin was successfully used as compatibilizer for natural rubber/recycled ethylene–propylene–diene rubber (NR/R-EPDM) blends. It seems effective in improving the state of cure, tensile properties, as well as the swelling resistance and morphology of the blends, indicating an improvement in compatibility between the NR matrix and R-EPDM rendered by biocompatibilizer. This was clearly verified by the dynamic mechanical properties of the blends. The dynamic responses obtained were clearly corresponding to the swelling result. It proves that the cross-link density plays a major role in the changes of storage modulus and degree of entanglement.     

Effect of P(MMA-co-MAA) compatibilizer on the miscibility of nylon 6/PVDF blends

With the ultimate objective of enhancing the impact strength and weatherability of nylon 6 engineering plastic, blending with poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was studied. In the absence of a compatibilizer the two polymers phase separate, resulting in a deterioration of the properties. Since poly(methyl methacrylate) is known to be miscible with PVDF, we evaluated poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (P(MMA-co-MAA)) of low methacrylic acid content as the compatibilizer. The carboxylic acid groups in the MAA units were expected to react with the end amino groups of nylon 6 forming block or graft copolymers, P(MMA-co-MAA)-g-nylon 6, in situ, which will function as the actual compatibilizer. The amount of P(MMA-co-MAA) added, the MMA/MAA composition and heat treatment time were varied to study their effects on the miscibility, morphology, and mechanical properties of nylon 6/PVDF blends. The enhancement of the compatibility of nylon 6 and PVDF by addition of P(MMA-co-MAA) and the partial miscibility of nylon 6 and PVDF has been confirmed through DSC, dynamic mechanical testing, SEM of fracture surfaces, and tensile testing. The decrease in the crystallization temperatures on addition of compatibilizer in DSC experiments suggests that the compatibilizer enhances the interaction between the two components and retards the crystallization. The dynamic mechanical thermal analysis experiments suggest that the compatibility in the amorphous regions of nylon 6 and PVDF in particular has been enhanced. The increase in the heat treatment time in the molten state resulted in further enhancement of the miscibility. The enhancement of compatibility by addition of a reactive compatibilizer and heat treatment resulted in a significant increase in the energy of rupture in tensile testing.     

动态固化聚丙烯/环氧树脂共混物的研究

将动态硫化技术应用于热塑性树脂 热固性树脂体系 ,制备了动态固化聚丙烯 (PP) 环氧树脂共混物 .研究了动态固化PP 环氧树脂共混物中两组分的相容性、力学性能、热性能和动态力学性能 .实验结果表明 ,马来酸酐接枝的聚丙烯 (PP g MAH)作为PP和环氧树脂体系的增容剂 ,使分散相环氧树脂颗粒变细 ,增加了两组分的界面作用力 ,改善了共混物的力学性能 .与PP相比 ,动态固化PP 环氧树脂共混物具有较高的强度和模量 ,含 5 %环氧树脂的共混物拉伸强度和弯曲模量分别提高了 30 %和 5 0 % ,冲击强度增加了 15 % ,但断裂伸长率却明显降低 .继续增加环氧树脂的含量 ,共混物的拉伸强度和弯曲模量增加缓慢 ,冲击强度无明显变化 ,断裂伸长率进一步降低 .动态力学性能分析 (DMTA)表明动态固化PP 环氧树脂共混物是两相结构 ,具有较高的储能模量 (E′)     

固相法氯化聚乙烯对PVC／LLDPE共混体系性能和形态的影响

采用固相法氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）对聚氯乙烯／线型低密度聚乙烯（ＰＶＣ／ＬＬＤＰＥ）共混体系进行增容改性。扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、动态力学分析和力学性能测试结果表明，ＣＰＥ对ＰＶＣ／ＬＬＤＰＥ共混体系具有很好的增容作用。     

Improvement in toughness of poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) through reactive blending with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS): Morphology and properties

Poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) was melt-blended with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) with the aim of enhancing impact strength and elongation at break of PLLA, but not sacrificing its modulus and stiffness significantly. However, PLLA and ABS were found to be thermodynamically immiscible by simply melt blending and the formed blends show deteriorated mechanical properties. The reactive styrene/acrylonitrile/glycidyl methacrylate copolymer (SAN-GMA) by incorporating with ethyltriphenyl phosphonium bromide (ETPB) as the catalyst was used as the in situ compatibilizer for PLLA/ABS blends to improve the compatibility between PLLA and ABS. The reactive process during melt blending was investigated by Fourier transformed infra-red (FTIR). It showed that the epoxide group of SAN-GMA reacted with PLLA end groups under the mixing conditions and that the addition of ETPB accelerated the reaction. Phase structure and physical properties of the compatibilized blends were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), tensile tests and impact property measurements. It was found that the size of ABS domains in PLLA matrix is significantly decreased by addition of the reactive compatibilizer. The dynamic mechanical analysis revealed markedly shifted glass transition temperatures for both PLLA and ABS, indicating the improved compatibility between PLLA and ABS. The mechanical tests showed the compatibilized PLLA/ABS blends had a very nice stiffness-toughness balance, i.e., the improved impact strength and the elongation at break with a slightly loss in the modulus.     

SYNTHESIS OF POLYACRYLAMIDE WITH PENDANT POLY(BUTYL ACRYLATE) CHAINS USING THE MACROMER TECHNIQUE AND STUDIES ON THEIR PROPERTIES

INTRODUCTIONSince Milkovich and Chiang[1] developed a method of preparing copolymers with uniform side chains by usingthe macromer technique, the synthesis of copolymers with uniform side chains from different macromers hasbeen studied extensively. Milkovich et al. reported the synthesis of polystyrene macromer through termination ofliving polystyrene anions with methacryloyl chloride and its copolymerization with butyl acrylate to formthermoplastic elastomer[2]. Rempp[3] obtained polyoxy…     

Effect of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) on thermal behavior and mechanical properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(propylene carbonate) (PHB/PPC) blends

To assess the compatibility of blends of synthetic poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC), with a natural bacterial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), a simple casting procedure of blend was used. poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(propylene carbonate) blends are found to be incompatible according to DSC and DMA analysis. In order to improve the compatibility and mechanical properties of PHB/PPC blends, poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) was added as a compatibilizer. The effects of PVAc on the thermal behavior, morphology, and mechanical properties of 70PHB/30PPC blend were investigated. The results show that the melting point and the crystallization temperature of PHB in blends decrease with the increase of PVAc content in blends, the loss factor changes from two separate peaks of 70PHB/30PPC blend to one peak of 70PHB/30PPC/12PVAc blend. It is also found that adding PVAc into 70PHB/30PPC blend can decrease the size of dispersed phase from morphology analysis. The result of tensile properties shows that PVAc can increase the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of 70PHB/30PPC blend, and both the elongation at break and the tensile toughness increase significantly with PVAc added into 70PHB/30PPC.     

Compatibilization of polypropylene/poly(glycolic acid) blend with maleated poe/attapulgite hybrid compatibilizer: Evaluation of mechanical,thermal, rheological,and morphological characteristics

In this work, the compatibilization effects of hybrid maleated POE/attapulgite hybrid compatibilizer (M-POE/ATP) on the immiscible polypropylene/poly(glycolic acid) (PP/PGA) blends was investigated. The hybrid compatibilizer integrating strengthening, toughening and compatibilization functions was prepared via one-step reactive extrusion using peroxidated ATP as the initiator. Then, the effects of compatibilizer dosage on the mechanical, thermal, rheological and morphological characteristics of blends were evaluated in detail. It was found that the hybrid compatibilizer resulted in the significantly enhanced compatibility and mechanical performance. Increased amount of compatibilizer content fractionated and almost wholly suppressed the crystallization process of PGA. The compatibilized blends showed higher thermal stability than pure PGA, and lower storage modulus and complex viscosity at higher shearing frequency. PGA in the blends presented a much lower degradation rate, which lead to the higher strength retention of 81% for the blend with 4 wt% of compatibilizer in buffer solution after 35 days.