吡啶阳离子表面活性剂的示波极谱测定方法研究

在 0 .0 4mol·L- 1Na2 HPO4 KH2 PO4 (pH 8.0 )底液中 ,氯化十六烷基吡啶在汞电极上峰电位 - 1.35V(vs .SCE)处产生灵敏的还原波 ,其浓度在 0～ 0 .6mg·L- 1范围内与极谱波二阶导数的峰高 (H)呈正比 ,检出限 (3S/k)为 0 .0 1mg·L- 1。该极谱波具有吡啶阳离子表面活性剂的典型特征 ,特异性强 ,多种共存物质无干扰。用于生活饮用水中吡啶阳离子表面活性剂总量的测定 ,获得了满意的结果     

离子色谱法同时分析中药丹参中碱金属和碱土金属

用离子色谱法同时分析中药丹参中碱金属和碱土金属 ,结果表明 ,丹参中常见离子Li+ 、Na+ 、NH+4、K+ 、Mg2 + 、Ca2 + 含量比例各有不同。各离子的检出限为 0 .0 1～ 0 .0 3mg·L-1,线性范围分别为 0 .1～ 10 .0mg·L-1(Li+ 、NH+4)和 0 .2～ 5 0 .0mg·L-1(Na+ 、K+ 、Mg2 + 、Ca2 + )     

分根法研究镧对水稻生长及其生理参数的影响

用分根营养液培养法研究了镧对水稻生长及其促进作用的生理机制。结果表明:低浓度镧(0 05～1 5mg·L-1)提高水稻产量,增加实粒数;随着镧浓度从0 05增加到0 75mg·L-1,镧降低第一片完全展开叶和根中过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性;当镧浓度为0 75～9mg·L-1时,镧显著降低叶和根中超氧化歧化酶(SOD)活性;0 75mg·L-1镧增加叶中赤霉素(GA)和吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量,0 75和3mg·L-1镧增加根中细胞分裂素(iPAs)和IAA含量,但降低脱落酸(ABA)含量;秧苗移栽后46d,0 25～6mg·L-1镧显著增加叶片气孔导度;秧苗移栽后59和83d,当镧浓度分别为15和6mg·L-1时,镧显著降低叶片气孔导度;镧对叶片叶绿素(Chl)含量、叶和根中蛋白质,脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量没有发现显著作用。还讨论了镧促进水稻生长和消除超氧阴离子(·O2-)的可能机制。     

新显色剂2-[2,3,5-三氮唑偶氮]-5-二甲氨基苯甲酸与铜的显色反应研究及应用

合成了 2 [2 ,3,5 三氮唑偶氮 ] 5 二甲氨基苯甲酸 (TZAMB) ,并研究了试剂与铜的显色反应。结果表明 ,在 0 .1mol·L- 1H3PO4 介质中 ,试剂与铜形成紫红色配合物 ,配合物至少稳定2 4h ,最大吸收波长位于 5 75nm处 ,表观摩尔吸收系数为 4 .2 3× 10 4 L·mol- 1·cm- 1,配合物的组成为 ηCu∶ηTZAMB=1∶2 ,铜浓度在 0～ 1.2mg·L- 1范围内服从比耳定律 ,所拟方法已用于镁合金和铝合金中微量铜的测定 ,试验结果与标准值相符 ,RSD为 0 .0 75 %～ 0 .5 1%。     

反相高效液相法测定人血清中的罗哌卡因

 建立了一种简单、快速测定罗哌卡因血药浓度的反相高效液相法。在血清样品中加入布比卡因作内标 ,用二氯甲烷提取 ,氮气吹干 ,残渣用流动相溶解进样。条件 :分析柱为C18反相柱 ,流动相为 0 0 1mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾 (pH 3 0 ) 乙腈 (体积比为 84∶16 )溶液 ,流速为 1 2mL·min-1,在紫外检测波长 2 10nm处进行检测。罗哌卡因及内标在 11min内完全分离 ,最低检测质量浓度为 0 0 2 5mg·L-1,在 0 0 5mg·L-1～ 2 5 0mg·L-1时线性关系良好 ,r =0 9997,低、中、高浓度下的回收率、日间及日内精密度均符合方法学要求。方法简便、快速、稳定。     

流动注射停流法快速测定环境水样中COD

应用流动注射停流分析技术 ,对环境水样中的COD进行测定。采用KMnO4 作氧化剂和光度分析指示剂 ,葡萄糖作基准物质 ,在反应温度为 95℃ ,停流 5min时 ,COD测定范围为 0～10 0mg·L- 1,检出限为 2mg·L- 1,相对标准偏差为 0 .8% (n =9) ,回收率为 85 %～ 95 %。Cl-<15 0mg·L- 1时不干扰测定     

9-(2-氨基苯胺基)吖啶的合成及其荧光光度法测定牛血清白蛋白

报道了荧光试剂9 (2 氨基苯胺基)吖啶(o APAA)的合成,产品经多次重结晶提纯,用IR、1HNMR和元素分析确证了结构,研究了它的荧光性质。拟定了一个测定牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的荧光光度法。在pH 2.4的H3PO4 KH2PO4 缓冲体系中,BSA与此试剂作用,产生荧光增敏,方法的检出限为0.015 mg·L-1,线性范围为0~5.0 mg·L-1。     

火焰原子吸收与火焰原子发射光谱法测定正常人尿中铝的比较

采用N2O-C2H2火焰原子吸收与火焰原子发射光谱法同时测定了正常人尿中铝。研究了40种干扰离子和24种有机物在N2O-C2H2火焰中对铝吸收和发射信号的影响。试验表明，40种干扰离子和24种有机物对给吸收和发射信号的正负影响基本上是一致的．但程度有所不同。原子吸收和发射光谱法对应的检出限分别为0．26mg·L-1和0．08mg·L-1，7次测定的RSD分别为1．9％和1．7％，加入1.0mg·L-1铝的回收率分别为92.4％～105．1％和96．1％～106．3％。     

吡虫清催化极谱波的研究

在浓度为 0 .2 mol· L- 1Na OH+ 0 .2 mol· L- 1H3BO3+ 0 .2 mol· L- 1KCl( p H=1 0 .0 )的底液中 ,吡虫清在单扫描示波极谱上有一灵敏的催化氢波 ,极谱波的峰电位于 - 1 .5 9V( vs.SCE)附近 ,该峰具有一定的吸附性。吡虫清的浓度在 7.0×1 0 - 5～ 7.0× 1 0 - 4mol· L- 1范围内与峰电流成线性关系。本文对吡虫清极谱波的性质和电极过程进行了详细的探讨     

镧对镉胁迫下豌豆幼苗根部细胞内离子平衡及膜质子泵的影响

以水培豌豆(PisumsativumL)幼苗为材料,研究了La3+对Cd2+胁迫下豌豆幼苗生长、叶部与根部细胞对Cd2+的吸收、根部细胞内无机离子平衡体系及膜H+-ATPase,H+-PPase活性的影响。结果表明:Cd2+胁迫下喷施适宜浓度的La3+(0.50mg·L-1)可使豌豆幼苗相对生物量、苗长、叶绿素含量以及光合速率受到的毒害明显缓解,有效减少叶部与根部细胞对Cd2+的吸收,显著减轻了Cd2+胁迫导致的离子平衡系统的紊乱,明显缓解Cd2+对质膜及液泡膜H+-ATPase,H+-PPase活性的抑制作用。10mg·L-1Cd2+胁迫下La3+的保护效应比30mg·L-1Cd2+胁迫下更为显著。样品中La3+的测定和分析结果还表明,外源La3+处理后,La3+主要结合于细胞膜外,进入原生质体的仅占很小部分,但30mg·L-1Cd2+处理样品中La3+进入细胞的量则明显多于10mg·L-1Cd2+处理的样品。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.