微波消解ICP-OES法快速测定雪莲果中的微量元素

微波消解雪莲果样品后,等离子体发射光谱仪一次进样曝光快速测定了钾、钠、钙、镁、铜、铁、锌、锰、钼、镍10种微量元素。结果表明,雪莲果中富含钾、钙、镁等元素。该法一次消解样品、多元素同时测定,准确、快速、精密度高,符合分析要求。     

微波消解-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定中药女贞子中9种金属元素

用微波消解法处理样品,用硝酸-过氧化氢(4+1)混合溶液作为消解剂进行微波消解,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了中药女贞子中钙、镁、钾、钠、铁、锶、锰、铜和锌元素含量。9种元素检出限(3S/N)在0.000 6~0.024 8 mg.L-1之间,回收率在93.0%~107.3%之间,相对标准偏差(n=10)在0.86%~4.39%之间。试验结果表明:女贞子中钾、钙、镁、铁、钠、锌、锰、铜和锶质量分数分别为16 940,1 790,1 640,467.8,116.0,24.5,15.0,9.6,1.9μg.g-1,锌与铜含量的比值为2.55。由此可见,女贞子中钙、镁、钾元素含量丰富,铁含量也较高。为探讨中药金属元素种类及含量与治疗心血管疾病的关系等提供有用数据。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定根茎类蔬菜中12种矿物质元素及食用科学性研究

用硝酸-过氧化氢作消解液,微波消解法处理样品,运用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定根茎类蔬菜中的钾、钠、钙、镁、锌、铁、铜、锰、硒、铅、镉和铬12种矿物元素的含量。方法检出限为0.033～0.87μg/L,相对标准偏差为0.1%～2.4%。方法快速、稳定、准确,适合食品中多种元素的快速测定。结果表明:白萝卜、田藕和生姜均富含对人体有益的K、Ca、Fe、Mg、Zn、Cu、Mn、Se等矿物质元素。但其皮中Pb、Cd、Cr等含量均超过国家食品卫生标准;而对应肉中Pb、Cd、Cr含量基本未超标;宜去皮后食用。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定枸杞中11种元素含量

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定了枸杞中锌、铅、锰、铁、铬、镁、钙、铜、钠、钾和镉11种元素含量。选择硝酸(2+98)溶液作为介质,选择波长为213.86,220.35,257.61,259.94,267.72,279.08,324.75,317.93,589.59,766.49,226.50 nm 11条谱线依次作为测定锌、铅、锰、铁、铬、镁、钙、铜、钠、钾和镉的分析线,测得11种元素的检出限(3δ)均低于0.07 mg·L~(-1),相对标准偏差(n=11)在0.72%～2.40%之间。比较了常规湿法消化法、高压消化罐法和微波消解法处理样品对测定结果的影响。研究表明,高压消化罐法和微波消解处理样品精密度好。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定奶粉中钙铜铁钾镁锰钠锌和磷

通过优化试验确定仪器的最佳工作参数,微波加热硝酸消解样品,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定奶粉中钙、铜、铁、钾、镁、锰、钠、锌和磷9种元素的含量。分析了4种奶粉样品,所得结果与国标方法的结果一致。方法回收率在96.5%-111%之间。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定南湖菱中矿质元素

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定嘉兴南湖菱中钾、钠、钙、镁、铁、铜、锌、锰、镉、铅金属元素的含量。结果表明，南湖菱中有较高的矿物质营养价值，有害元素的含量低于国家食品允许标准。     

广西黑老虎中微量元素测定

采用原子吸收光谱法测定广西黑老虎中锰、铁、铜、锌、镁、钙等6种微量元素，并与笋干和16种蔬菜中6种微量元素含量进行比较，结果发现，黑老虎中锰、铁、铜、锌、镁、钙等6种微量元素含量均较高，其中锰、钙、铜、锌含量高于笋干，锰、铁、铜、锌含量远远高于16种蔬菜中微量元素的含量，钙含量高于部分蔬菜含量。提示广西黑老虎中含有丰富的人体所需微量元素，作为药用植物，具有极高的药用价值。     

微波消解原子吸收光谱法测定鱼肉中14种金属元素

以微波消解法处理鱼肉样品,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定鲶鱼、胖头鱼、小黄花鱼、鲫鱼4种鱼肉中的钾、钠、镁、钙、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、锰、锶、铬、镉和铅元素含量。鱼肉样品以5 mL HNO_3和1 mL H_2O_2在一定的温度和时间下经微波消解处理后,在最佳工作条件下测定以上14种金属元素含量,各元素的加标回收率在95.4%~104.6%之间,检出限为0.001 1~0.012 9μg/mL,标准工作曲线的线性相关系数均大于0.999,该方法测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.71%~4.28%(n=10)。该方法适用于鱼肉中钾、钠、镁、钙、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、锰、锶、铬、镉和铅14种金属元素的含量测定。     

23种中国和法国小麦样品及小麦面粉样品的九种元素的分析

通过采电电感耦合等离子发射光谱对10种法国小麦样品、2种中国小麦样品、7种法国小麦面粉样品以及4种中国面粉样品进行了钙、镁、锌、铁、锰、铜、钼、钾及磷共9种微和常量元素的含量分析.结果表明:小麦样品中元素含量最高的为磷、钾和镁,其次为钙、铁、锌、锰、铜和钼.小麦面粉样品中元素含量最高的为磷、钾、钙和镁,其次为铁、锌、锰、铜和钼.法国小麦样品中的1号样品(TREMIE)是居第一位的含微量元素量较高的小麦品种,中国小麦面粉样品的11号样品(标粉)是居第一位含微量元素较高的小麦面粉样品.其中对人体有益的元素远远不能满足人体的需要.     

原子吸收光谱法测定野生及养殖灵芝中10种元素含量

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了养殖及野生灵芝中的铜、钠、铁、钾、镁、钙、锰、锌、锶、铅元素含量。结果表明,野生灵芝和养殖灵芝中均含有较高的钾,其中野生灵芝中铜、钙、锶、锌含量较高,养殖灵芝中钠、铁、镁、锰含量较高。可为探讨野生灵芝与养殖灵芝中含量及其疗效的关联性等提供科学依据。     

ICP-AES法测定鸡汤中多种矿物质元素

采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP - AES)对不同烹煮时间的鸡汤及加不同量冰乙酸烹煮的鸡汤中Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn等5种矿物质元素进行了分析研究.结果表明,不同烹煮时间的鸡汤中Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn溶出量有显著性差异(P＜0.01),Ca、Fe的溶出量随着时间的增加而增加;加冰乙酸烹煮的鸡汤中Ca、...     

AFS-230E双道原子荧光光度计测定蔬菜中的砷和汞

采用湿法消解蔬菜样品,用AFS-230E型双道原子荧光光度计测定蔬菜中的As、Hg重金属含量。在最佳实验条件下,As、Hg元素的工作曲线相关系数(r)分别为0.9992、0.9996,检出限分别为0.0119ug/L、0.0139ug/L,回收率分别为：91.6%~101.50%,89.8%~97.3%,相对标准偏差（RSD%,n=7）分别为1.39%、0.52%,该法可供各地测定该类蔬菜中As、Hg等重金属元素含量的参考。     

卷心菜和芹菜中的17种元素测定

采用微波消解法处理卷心菜和芹菜样品,并用ICP-AES法测定这两种蔬菜中的17种微量元素Ca,Mg,K,Na,P,Zn,Fe,Cu,Mn,Al,Se,Cr,Ni,Cd,As,Pb,Hg。结果表明,两种蔬菜中均含有丰富的矿物元素Ca,Mg,K,Na,P,芹菜中的矿物元素更高,也存在少量能调节人体生理机能的有益微量元素Zn、Fe、Mn、Al、Cu、Ni,除了卷心菜中Hg含量超标外,其它有害重金属元素均属国家食品安全卫生标准之内。     

Determination of elemental concentrations in environmental plant samples by instrumental neutron activation analysis

The intake of leafy vegetables in daily diet is very important to meet our nutritional needs. Vegetables provide the essential elements which are necessary and recommended for human growth. However, due to rapid industrialization and urbanization our environment becomes polluted and this affects the normal growth of agricultural products and composition of environmental species. The elemental concentrations present in the environmental samples are good indicators to assess the toxicological levels due to pollution affects. In the present work we have analysed several vegetable plant samples by instrumental neutron activation analysis to determine the elemental concentrations at major, minor and trace levels. The leafy vegetables like spinach, red leafy veagetable, pui, gourd leaf, lettuce and katoua were chosen as these are extensively consumed by local peple in eastern part of India. We have determined 15 elements in the above mentioned vegetable samples and some of these are essential elements and some are toxic elements. It was found that Na and K were present as major elements, Fe and Zn as minor elements and As, Ce, Cr, Co, La, Mo, Rb, Sc, Sm, Sr as trace elements. The concentration level of Cr was found to be higher than that of recommended value certified by WHO and National environment quality control for human consumption. The validation of our analytical results have been performed by the Z-score tests through the determination of concentrations of the elements of interest in certified reference materials.     

A method for rapid determination of arsenic species in vegetables using microwave‐assisted extraction followed by detection with HPLC hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry

Driven by the significant need for characterization of the chemical speciation of arsenic in food, this work developed a method for rapid determination of four common arsenic species, namely, arsenite, arsenate, monomethyl arsenic acid, and dimethyl arsenic acid, in vegetables using microwave‐assisted extraction, followed by detection with high‐performance liquid chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry. Initial screening results showed that microwave‐assisted extraction using 1% HNO₃ exhibited the highest overall efficiencies for all arsenic species without causing significant degradation of the organic ones. With the aid of response surface methodology, the optimum conditions established for extraction of arsenic species from vegetables were: 500 mg of freeze‐dried vegetable sample, extracted by closed vessel microwave‐assisted extraction using 10 mL of 2% v/v HNO₃ at 90°C for 17 min. Application of the method in the analysis of 24 market vegetable samples indicates that the extraction efficiencies for total arsenic species were in the range of 91.4–106%. Arsenite and arsenate were found to be the predominant arsenic species in the vegetables, which suggests that vegetable consumption could be an important route of inorganic arsenic exposure for the population with a heavy vegetable diet in arsenic polluted regions.     

石柱黄连及根际土壤中矿质元素特征分析

研究石柱黄连不同器官及其根际土壤中矿质元素特征,探究黄连根茎矿质元素间及其与土壤环境的相关性。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)及原子荧光光谱法(AFS)测定了15组石柱黄连植株和根际土壤中18种矿质元素含量,所得数据运用SPSS 22.0统计软件分析。石柱黄连根际土壤中锰、磷、镁、镉、汞等元素含量的变异性较大,部分采样点土壤中镉含量超过农用地土壤污染风险筛选值。在检测的18种元素中,黄连植株中钙、镁、磷、钾含量最高,其次是铁、锰、锌,再次是锶、铜、镍,最后是铅、钒、钴、镉、钼、铬、砷、汞。须根对大部分矿质元素的富集能力强于根茎或地上部;黄连根茎对锌的富集能力强于须根或地上部;地上部对钙、磷、钾、铬的富集能力强于须根或根茎。Spearman分析表明黄连根茎矿质元素间、黄连根茎与土壤中矿质元素有一定相关性,部分具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。石柱黄连不同器官中矿质元素含量有明显差异,以此建立的指纹图谱可用于区分黄连根茎及须根的粉末样品;黄连根茎中矿质元素间主要表现为协同作用,黄连根茎与土壤中矿质元素既有协同作用又有拮抗作用。     

福州市售蔬菜和水果中13种矿质元素含量的测定与分析

为了解福州市冬季市售蔬菜和水果中矿物质元素含量,给福州市居民合理选择食物提供指南,用湿法消化法对样品进行预处理,经ICP—AES和ICP—MS法测定样品矿物质元素含量,采用相关分析等统计方法对结果进行了综合评价。结果表明,所测蔬菜中莲藕、小白菜、西兰花、马铃薯、四季豆、芥菜和大蒜各种矿物质含量较高,水果中青橄榄、荸荠、芦柑、草莓各种矿物质含量较高,市民可根据个人对营养的需求,合理选择,科学搭配;相关分析表明,大部分元素之间都有显著的正相关性,仅P与所测元素之间表现出一定的负相关性。可见所测蔬菜和水果中含有丰富的矿物质元素,这些矿物元素之间的交互关系主要以协同作用为主。     

Role of diet and trace elements in lithogenesis of renal calculi

Twenty eight stones were characterized for chemical composition and structure. The concentrations of trace elements were determined using INAA while EDXRF was used for determining the calcium contents of the stones. Twenty stones were found to be mainly composed of calcium, six were mixed type and the remaining two were of uric acid type. The concentrations of trace elements namely Zn, Sr, Fe and Cr were lower in uric acid stones as compared to calcium based stones. Diet analysis of 310 patients who were treated for renal stones showed a diet rich in calcium and oxalate and decreased water consumption.

     

珠江三角洲几种果菜中铜锌铬锰含量

测定了珠江三角洲几种果菜中Cu,Zn,Cr,Mn含量,结果表明,该地区几种果菜中Cu,Zn,Cr,Mn的平均含量是Cu15.4*10^-6,Zn40.89*10^-6,Cr2.31*10^-6,Mn60.48*10^-6,蔬菜中微量元素含量与蔬菜种类,元素对作物的必需性,土壤环境条件等有密切关系。