不饱和螺环缩酮的合成及对桔小实蝇(Bactrocera dorsalis)性引诱活性与构效关系研究（英文）

螺环缩酮结构片段广泛存在于许多具有不同来源的生物活性天然产物中,该片段往往对生物活性起着重要作用.合成了两类结构新颖的螺环缩酮类化合物,并以甲基丁香酚为标准品对照,测试其对桔小实蝇(Bactrocera dorsalis)的电生理活性.结果表明:雄性和雌性桔蝇对大部分化合物小实有明显的电生理响应.螺环缩酮的立体化学和其苯环上取代基对电生理响应有一定的影响.     

2,8-二甲基-1,7-二氧杂螺[5,5]十一烷的合成

果蝇 ( Tephritidae)对水果生产有严重的危害 .热带果蝇寿命较长 ,具有很强的迁徙能力和繁殖能力 .因此开展果蝇生物防治和控制措施的相关研究具有重要的意义 [1,2 ] .Baker等 [3]发现性成熟的雌B.dorsalis果蝇 ,性腺分泌物中包含有螺环缩酮化合物 2 ,8-二甲基 - 1 ,7-二氧杂螺 [5 ,5 ]十一烷 ( 1 ) .Bactrocera Latifrons( Hendel)果蝇的雄性腺体分泌物中也存在螺环缩酮 1 [4 ] ,另外在 rove甲虫腹梢分泌物中也分离出 1 [5] ,螺环缩酮不仅作为性信息素组分存在于许多果蝇腺体中 ,而且作为结构单元存在于许多复杂的有强烈生理活性的天然…     

Dawson型磷钨钒杂多酸催化合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮

环己酮乙二醇缩酮又称1,4-二氧杂螺[4,5]癸烷,系缩酮类化合物,是重要的化工中间体,可作为特殊的反应溶剂及羰基保护基团。由于缩酮具有优于母体羰基化合物特殊的香气,其作为新型香晶、香料在日用化工和食品工业中已得到广泛应用。环己乙二醇缩酮通常在腐蚀酸无机酸如硫酸作用下     

具有生理活性的天然螺缩酮化合物研究进展

螺缩酮类化合物广泛存在于自然界中, 它们表现出的很好的生理活性已引起各国科学家的兴趣. 对近年来天然存在的螺缩酮化合物的研究进展进行了总结, 描述了这类化合物的结构特征, 展望了在医药、农药等方面的潜在发展前景.     

单螺环哌嗪季铵盐类化合物的合成及镇痛活性研究

为寻找镇痛活性更好的化合物,以前期发现的螺环哌嗪季铵盐类化合物1为先导物,设计合成了8个未见文献报道的衍生物.通过1H NMR,13C NMR和元素分析或高分辨质谱确定了化合物的结构.利用小鼠醋酸扭体模型初步评价了它们的镇痛活性,构效关系研究表明,苯环上的羟基是关键的药效团,与开链季铵盐相比,螺环季铵盐结构对活性更有利；扩大螺环和引入取代基对活性不利.     

某些环缩酮香料化合物的合成

环缩酮类化合物是近十几年来发展起来的新型香料化合物。环缩酮与相应的酮比较,化学性质稳定,通常具有令人喜爱的青香、花     

螺二萘类天然产物化学研究的新进展

螺二萘是一类由两个萘环通过螺缩酮或联二萘醚形式连在一起并高度氧化的天然产物,它们结构新颖复杂、手性中心多,又具有广泛的生物活性,成为近年来合成化学家研究的热门课题.结合本课题组近年来在该领域的研究工作,系统综述了自2010年以来螺二萘类天然产物化学研究取得的新进展,包括新发现的62个天然产物结构、螺二萘类化合物的合成、生物合成途径、生物活性以及结构-活性关系等,旨在进一步推进我国天然产物化学及先导结构优化等在新医药、新农药创制方面的研究工作.     

茼蒿素类似物的分子多样性2-(Z)-亚苄基-1,6,9-三氧杂螺环 [4,5-癸-3-烯类化 合物的合成

有多种生物活性的茼蒿素类似物是一类具有螺环缩酮烯醚独特结构的化合物。本文报道用糠醇为原料,以我们的呋喃二醇脱水－螺环缩酮化反应为关键反应,合成了一类三氧杂螺环-[4,5]-癸烯的新型茼蒿素类似物。为这类化合物分子多样性开辟了新的途径。     

通过串联反应不对称合成氧化吲哚螺环化合物的研究进展

氧化吲哚螺环类结构因具广泛的生物活性,已逐渐成为一类重要的类药性骨架.因此,开发简单高效的合成方法构建复杂的氧化吲哚螺环类化合物库已经成为化学工作者广泛关注的研究方向之一.由于现代有机化学倍受中间产物分离提纯及官能团保护、脱保护策略等的困扰,而串联反应的出现为克服以上诸多难题提供了机遇,且在合成具有光学活性的天然产物和复杂分子中显示了它潜在的优势.近年来,通过有机串联反应策略不对称合成氧化吲哚螺环类化合物备受关注,大量的研究工作被报道.分别从C(3)位不饱和氧化吲哚衍生物、饱和氧化吲哚衍生物、C(3)位无取代氧化吲哚衍生物以及非氧化吲哚衍生物四大类起始原料出发,简单综述了近5年来氧化吲哚螺环化合物的合成方法进展,并对各类反应对底物要求、反应条件、反应选择性、产率以及机理的研究进行了讨论和总结.     

α,α''-二氧代烯酮环二硫代缩酮类化合物的晶体结构研究

α,α-二氧代烯酮环二硫代缩酮类化合物是一类多官能团化合物。由于其结构上的特性,近年来,已成为有机合成研究的热点之一[1~3]。多年来,我合成了一系列的α,α-二氧代烯酮环二硫代缩酮类化合物,对于这类特殊结构化合物的谱学性质研究,我们也曾有过详尽的报道[1~6]。为了进一步     

Stereoselective synthesis of the C-11 to C-19 segment of macrolactin 3 via a center inversion followed by Oxa-Michael addition approach

An efficient and short stereoselective synthesis of C11–C19 fragment of Macrolactin 3 was achieved. The vic-triol moiety (C15–C17) was derived from the C2–C4 chiral centers of D-mannose. The C-1 of D-mannose was utilized for the Wittig-olefination followed by hydroxylation using hydroboration reaction to introduce C11–C13 carbon chain in the C11–C19 fragment, whereas C5–C6 carbon chain of mannose was converted into C18–C19 of the target by dehydration reactions. Thus, the main strategy was (a) two consecutive Wittig-olefination reactions on C1 carbon of mannose, (b) inversion of C4 stereocenter, and (c) dehydration of C5–C6 vic-diol to olefin to result in the C11–C19 fragment.     

Total Synthesis of the 7,10‐Epimer of the Proposed Structure of Amphidinolide N,Part II: Synthesis of C17–C29 Subunit and Completion of the Synthesis

The total synthesis of 7,10‐epimer of the proposed structure of amphidinolide N was accomplished. The requisite chiral C17–C29 subunit was assembled stereoselectively via Keck allylation, Shi epoxidation, diastereoselective 1,3‐reduction, and a later oxidative synthesis of the THF framework. The C1–C13 and C17–C29 subunits were successfully coupled using a Enders RAMP “linchpin” as the C14–C16 three carbon unit, thereby controlling the chirality at C14 and C16. The labile allyl epoxy moiety was successfully constructed by Grieco–Nishizawa olefination at a final stage of the synthesis.     

Synthetic study of azaspiracid-1: synthesis of the EFGHI-ring fragment

Here, we report a synthesis of the lower half C21-C40 fragment of the shellfish toxin, azaspiracid-1. The C28-C40 fragment was synthesized by a coupling between the C28-C35 epoxide and the C36-C40 dithioacetal anion, followed by the HI-ring spiroaminal formation. An aldehyde corresponding to the C28-C40 fragment was then coupled with the C21-C27 allylic stannane by using InCl3. Finally, the FG-ring was constructed by HF.pyridine to accomplish the synthesis of the suitably protected C21-C40 fragment.     

Ar离子束作用下C60薄膜的结构稳定性研究

利用XPS和AES研究了在Ar离子束作用下C60薄膜的分子结构的稳定性．研究发现C60分子与Ar离子束作用后，C1s结合能从284．7eV逐步下降到284．4eV，CKLL俄歇动能从270．0eV增加到271．3eV．并且C60薄膜在与氩离子束作用后，其C60分子结构特征的C1s携上峰及价带峰均消失．表明Ar离子束可以促使C60分子的C＝C双键断裂，离域π键消失，C60分子分解为单质碳．C＝C双键断裂过程与离子束的能量和辐照时间有一定的函数关系．     

Determination of clethodim and its oxidation metabolites in crops by liquid chromatography with confirmation by LC/MS

A method was developed for determination of the herbicide clethodim (C0) and its oxidation metabolites clethodim sulfoxide (C1) and clethodim sulfone (C2) in agricultural products. Upon extraction, both C0 and C1 were oxidized to C2 by m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, and C2 was determined by liquid chromatography (LC). The C2 peak was confirmed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI). Recoveries of C0 from radish, tomato, onion, sweet potato, kidney bean, carrot, cabbage, and lettuce ranged from 91 to 118% following fortification at 0.05-1.0 ppm. The detection limit of C2 in crops was 0.01 ppm (S/N > 3). The fortified samples of onion, sweet potato, kidney bean, and carrot were confirmed by LC/MS (ESI), and the peak of C2 was detected.     

Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide and Glucose Based on Immobilized C60‐Catalase Enzyme

The interaction between fullerene C60 and catalase enzyme was studied with a fullerene C60‐coated piezoelectric (PZ) quartz crystal sensor. The partially irreversible response of the C60‐coated PZ crystal sensor for catalase was observed by the desorption study, which implied that C60 could chemically react with catalase. Thus, immobilized fullerene C60‐catalase enzyme was synthesized and applied in determining hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions. An oxygen electrode detector with the immobilized C60‐catalase was also employed to detect oxygen, a product of the hydrolysis of hydrogen peroxide which was catalyzed by the C60‐catalase. The oxygen electrode/C60‐catalase detection system exhibited linear responses to the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and amount of immobilized C60‐catalase enzyme that was used. The effects of pH and temperature on the activity of the immobilized C60‐catalase enzyme were also investigated. Optimum pH at 7.0 and optimum temperature at 25 °C for activity of the insoluble immobilized C60‐catalase enzyme were found. The immobilized C60‐catalase enzyme could be reused with good repeatability of the activity. The lifetime of the immobilized C60‐catalase enzyme was long enough with an activity of 93% after 95 days. The immobilized C60‐catalase enzyme was also applied in determining glucose which was oxidized with glucose oxidase resulting in producing hydrogen peroxide, followed by detecting hydrogen peroxide with the oxygen electrode/C60‐catalase detection system.     

Synthesis of the common left-half part of pectenotoxins

The common left-half [C31-C33(OC1-C7)-C40] part of pectenotoxins has been synthesized convergently from the C31-C35, C36-C40, and C1-C7 parts. The C31-C35 part, prepared via a new route shorter than our previous route, was coupled with the C36-C40 part through reductive lithiation and addition reactions to give an adduct stereoselectively, which was converted to a cyclic acetal corresponding to the C31-C40 part. The left-half was synthesized by a three-step process including esterification of the C31-C40 part with the C1-C7 part.     

Degradation of Hydrogenated Nitrile-butadiene Rubber in Aqueous Solutions of H2S or HCl

The degradation of hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber(HNBR) soaped in aqueous solutions of H₂S and HCl was investigated. The samples unexposed and exposed to different solutions were characterized by ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance(¹³C NMR), X-ray photoelectron and infrared spectroscopies. In contrast to those of unexposed samples and samples soaped in HCl solution, the mechanical properties of samples exposed to H₂S solution significantly deteriorated, in which the new groups of C(=O)―NH₂, C―S―C and C=S emerged. The mechanism of C=S and C―S―C formation was speculated, except for that of the formation of group C(=O)―NH₂, which was widely discussed in acidic condition such as HCl solution. The formation of C―S―C was due to radical reaction initiated by mercapto radical and that of C=S was due to nucleophilic reaction initiated by mercapto cations. This finding is helpful to understanding the seal failure of HNBR in working environment containing H₂S.     

Structural change of water by gelation of curdlan suspension

Phase transition of water restrained by curdlan suspension annealed at a temperature from 20 to 110°C was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The melting temperature of water restrained by annealed curdlan discontinuously decreased at around 60°C, while the amount of bound water calculated from enthalpy of melting increased at 60°C, regardless of water content. Using a highly sensitive DSC, curdlan suspension with various concentrations was studied. It was found that an endothermic transition was observed at ca. 58°C in a wide range of concentrations. The transition observed at 60°C is thermo-reversible and both temperature and transition enthalpy are constant even after gel formation. Well equilibrated suspension at a temperature lower than 60°C formed no gel.     

Preparation and Application of Immobilized Fullerene C60‐Heparin for Anticoagulation of Blood

The interaction between fullerene C60 and heparin was studied using a fullerene C60‐coated piezoelectric quartz crystal sensor. The irreversible response of the piezoelectric quartz crystal was found which could be attributed to the quite strong adsorption of heparin onto the C60 molecule. Immobilized fullerene C60‐Heparin was prepared and successfully applied as a good inhibitor for blood clotting. Like solvated heparin, both wet and dry C60‐heparin solid all demonstrated excellent ability of anticoagulation of blood. The blood clotting time with C60‐heparin solid was found to be > 7 days, while only 17.9 min required for blood clotting time in the absence of C60‐heparin solid. Furthermore, the C60‐heparin coated artificial PVC blood vessels were prepared by coating fullerene C60 onto the surface of artificial PVC blood vessels, followed by the adsorption of water solvated heparin onto the fullerene C60 molecule to form C60‐heparin coating. The blood clotting time of blood in artificial PVC blood vessels with C60‐heparin coating was found to be > 30 days, while only ≤ 30 min. of blood clotting time without the C60‐Heparin coating was observed. The C60‐heparin coated artificial PVC blood vessels can be expected to be employed in human body for the anticoagulation of blood.