原子捕集-导数火焰原子吸收光谱法测定中草药中的微量锌

提出了原子捕集－导数火焰原子吸收光谱法，考察了捕集管位置，火焰状态、冷却水流量、捕集时间、导数测量系统灵敏度档等实验条件对灵敏度的影响。在测量系统20mV/min灵敏度档下，捕集5min，特征浓度为0．037ng/mL，较常规火焰原子吸收光谱法提高了1243倍。     

开缝石英管原子捕集原子吸收光谱法测定银

试验了空气和乙炔流量、缝管高度、捕集时间、溶液介质等对银灵敏度的影响。结果表明,分别用不同的乙炔流量进行原子捕集与释放可获得最高灵敏度。捕集1min,测得银的特征浓度为8.1×10~(-4)μg·ml~(-1),比常规火焰原子吸收法的灵敏度提高62倍,变异系数2.8％,本法测定了牡蛎中的银。     

原子捕集—火焰原子吸收法测定工业废水中痕量镉

1 引言 原子捕集是在火焰原子吸收测量中浓缩待测原子的一种预富集手段。以往的报道原子捕集管多用石英材料,选用不锈钢材料作捕集管测镉的方法尚未见报道。本文系统研究了使用不锈钢管作捕集管,各种因素对镉捕集与释放的影响,选择了最佳工作条件。捕集3min测镉的特征浓度为1.52×10~(-4)μg/ml/1％,灵敏度比常规法提高了116倍。相对标准偏差为1.5％。而且不锈钢管具有坚固耐用的优点。本法用于工业废水中痕量镉的测定,获得满意结果。     

原子捕集火焰原子吸收法测定水中镉

采用自制原子捕集装置，选择了镉在不锈钢管上捕集的合适条件，使测镉的灵敏度比常规火焰原子吸收法提高了116倍。应用于工业废水中痕量镉的测定，获得满意结果。     

浊点萃取-石英双缝管捕集火焰原子吸收光谱法分析铬价态

在不同pH值的缓冲溶液中,亚硝基苯胲铵盐(铜铁试剂)可与Cr(Ⅵ)及Cr(Ⅲ)络合生成中性疏水络合物,以Triton X-114为萃取剂,浊点萃取分离富集Cr(Ⅵ)及总铬,石英双缝管原子捕集-火焰原子吸收光谱法(STAT-FAAS)测定铬价态.实验对浊点萃取时溶液的pH值、铜铁试剂和Triton X-114的用量、离心分离时间、平衡温度和时间等影响因素进行了研究.结果表明,分别在pH=3.0和6.0的溶液中,40 ℃恒温加热15 min后,离心5 min,Triton X-114浊点萃取Cr(Ⅵ)及总铬的富集倍数达到50倍(100 mL起初样品溶液/2 mL最终测定液).和普通火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)相比,利用石英双缝管原子捕集技术,STAT-FAAS法测定铬的灵敏度提高了近5倍.本方法测定Cr(Ⅵ)及总铬的线性范围分别为0.005～0.5 mg/L和0.01～1.2 mg/L;检出限分别为0.66 μg/L和0.81μg/L.     

离子交换-原子捕集-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水中的超痕量镍

在文中所述条件下,镍的原子捕集灵敏度较常规法高320倍,即在离子交换法浓缩仅40倍的情况下,可使镍的测定灵敏度提高12800倍,从而成功实现了ppt级超痕量镍的测定。     

原子捕集-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水中PPb级的银

水冷石英管作原子捕集器用于火焰原子吸收分析早于1976年已有报导。这种原子捕集法可以提高某些元素的灵敏度。Lau等仅报导出这种方法测定银的灵敏度(0.0009ppm),但未给出任何有关实验情况。笔者设计制作了一种简易的不锈钢原子捕集装置。在最佳实验条件下,这种原子捕集-火焰原子吸收法的灵敏度较常规火焰原子吸收法高二个数量级(特征浓度为0.0004ppm),可以测定水中ppb级的银。     

离子交换-原子捕集-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水中的超痕量铜

在本文所述条件下,用原子捕集法测定铜的灵敏度较常规法高101倍,再考虑到离子交换的浓缩倍数至少可达40倍,因此至少可使测铜的灵敏度提高7640倍,从而成功地测定了水中ppt级的超痕量铜。仪器及药品WFX-IB_2型原子吸收分光光度计,外径5mm石英管,湿基001×7强酸性苯乙烯系阳离子交换树脂,二次去离子水。     

原子捕集原子吸收光谱法测定银的研究

West等人用硅管在空气-乙炔焰中捕集银2分钟,测得银的特征浓度为9×10~(-4)ppm,比常规火焰原子吸收法的灵敏度提高40倍。孙汉文用不锈钢管在空气-乙炔焰中捕集0.005ppm银10分钟,测得银的特征浓度为4×10~(-4)ppm。根据原子捕集和释放机理,本文改进了实验装置和方法,即采用贫焰捕集,脉冲富焰释放的方法,在石英捕集管上捕集0.001ppm银溶液8分钟,测得银的特征浓度为5.5×10~(-5)ppm,比常规方法的灵敏度提高1090倍。初步测定了电镀液中银含量。     

镉的原子捕集-火焰原子吸收光谱分析

水冷石英管作为捕集器应用于火焰原子吸收光谱分析近年来已有报导,T,S,West等人作了较系统的研究。原子捕集是一种在火焰中浓缩待测原子的予富集技术,它与化学分离富集技术相比较,避免了化学前处理及操作带来的污染和损失,保留了火焰原子吸收法的优点,并由于捕集提供了极高的原子密度,因而大大地提高了测量的灵敏度。对甘蓝中的微量镉进行了测定,检出限为0.008μg/ml,变异系数为2.9％。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.