Synthesis of 2‐Arylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones by N‐Aryl Benzamidines with Aromatic Carbonates

The reaction of N‐aryl benzamidines 1a , 1b , 1c , 1d , 1e , 1f , 1g , 1h , 1i , 1j , 1k , 1l , 1m , 1n with diphenyl carbonate 2a or ethyl phenyl carbonate 2b synthesized 2‐arylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones 3a , 3b , 3c , 3d , 3e , 3f , 3g , 3h , 3i , 3j , 3k , 3l , 3m , 3n in simple and safe process with good yields (71–90%). It was suggested that different electron‐donating substituent in N‐aryl benzamidines 1a , 1b , 1c , 1d , 1e , 1f , 1g , 1h , 1i , 1j , 1k , 1l , 1m , 1n afforded similar effect to the yields of 2‐arylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones 3a , 3b , 3c , 3d , 3e , 3f , 3g , 3h , 3i , 3j , 3k , 3l , 3m , 3n . In these reactions, N‐aryl benzamidines 1a , 1b , 1c , 1d , 1e , 1f , 1g , 1h , 1i , 1j , 1k , 1l , 1m , 1n built up intermediate compounds by nucleophilic addition to carbonates 2 to give annulation products 3a , 3b , 3c , 3d , 3e , 3f , 3g , 3h , 3i , 3j , 3k , 3l , 3m , 3n , following to cyclization involving the elimination of ethanol/phenol.     

Al掺杂量对正极材料LiNi_(1/3)Co_(2/3-x)Al_xO_2结构和电化学性能的影响

以共沉淀法合成的前驱体Ni1/3Co2/3-xAlx(OH)2与低共熔锂盐0.38LiOH·H2O-0.62LiNO3制备了锂离子电池正极材料LiNi1/3Co2/3-xAlxO2(x=1/12,1/6,1/3,1/2,7/12).采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和电化学性能测试对其结构、形貌和电化学性质进行表征.结果表明,LiNi1/3Co2/3-xAlxO2在1/12≤x≤1/3范围内可以保持单一的六方层状α-NaFeO2结构,当Al掺杂量(x)高于1/3时,会出现杂相.其中,LiNi1/3Co1/3Al1/3O2结晶程度最高,阳离子混排效应最小,并且颗粒小而均匀,振实密度可以达到2.88g·cm-3,首次放电容量为151.5mAh·g-1,循环50次后放电容量保持在91.4%,在1C和2C倍率下放电容量仍可达到133.7和120.9mAh·g-1.     

Five new nortropane alkaloids and six new amino acids from the fruit of Morus alba LINNE growing in Turkey

Investigation of the constituents of the fruits of Morus alba LINNE (Moraceae) afforded five new nortropane alkaloids (1-5) along with nor-psi-tropine (6) and six new amino acids, morusimic acids A-F (7-12). The structures of the new compounds were determined to be 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxynortropane (1), 2beta,3beta-dihydroxynortropane (2), 2alpha,3beta,6exo-trihydroxynortropane (3), 2alpha,3beta,4alpha-rihydroxynortropane (4), 3beta,6exo-dihydroxynortropane (5), (3R)-3-hydroxy-12-[(1S,4S)-4-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-pyrrolidin-1-yll-dodecanoic acid-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), (3R)-3-hydroxy-12-[(1S,4S)-4-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-pyrrolidin-1-yll-dodecanoic acid (8), (3R)-3-hydroxy-12-1(1R,4R,5S)-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-piperidin-1-yll-dodecanoic acid-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (9), (3R)-3-hydroxy-12-[(1R,4R,5S)-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-piperidin-1-yll-dodecanoic acid (10), (3R)-3-hydroxy-12-[(1R,4R,5S)-4-hydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-piperidin-1-yl]-dodecanoic acid-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (11), and (3R)-3-hydroxy-12-[(1R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-piperidin-1-yl]-dodecanoic acid (12) on the basis of spectral and chemical data.     

Li~3Al的几何结构和垂直激发态光谱的量子化学研究

在ab initio DZP水平上, 用能量梯度法对Li~3Al的三种几何构型进行了优化, 并对其中两个能量较低的构型用单、双激发组态相互作用(CISD)进行了垂直跃迁能和振子强度计算, 结果表明: Li~3Al(C~2~v)中存在着三个强度较大的跃迁, 分别是从基态跃迁到1^1B~1, 2^1B~1, 5^1A~1态。Li~3Al(D~3~h)中存在着四个强度较大的跃迁, 分别是从基态跃迁到1^1B~2, 2^1A~1, 3^1B~2, 3^1A~1态。这些强度较大的跃迁均为粒子穴跃迁。     

Li3Al和Li2B2的稳定性和垂直激发态光谱

对于较大的簇合物，电子衍射技术或许能得到有用的信息[1].而小簇合物Mn（3≤n《50）的几何结构就没有标准的方法加以测定．对于二聚体和三聚体[2-5]，振动光谱和转动光谱能够得到精确的核间距和基态的势能面．当n》4时，若要得到一个有价值的结果，需要进行很复杂的振动结构分析．对于这类小簇合物只能得到它们的吸收光谱[6-7].因此，计算其垂直激发态就具有非常重要的意义．用量子化学解释簇合物的吸收光谱已成为一个非常诱人的课题[8].从头算对碱金属簇合物的垂直激发态计算，并与实验光谱进行比较，已成功地预测了一些碱金属簇合物的基…     

锌掺杂提高LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料的电化学稳定性

通过共沉淀法与固相法相结合制备了掺锌的高稳定性Li(Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3)_1-xZn_xO₂ (x=0, 0.02, 0.05)正极材料. 循环伏安(CV)曲线表明Zn掺杂使氧化峰与还原峰的电势差减小到0.09 V, 电化学阻抗谱(EIS)曲线表明Zn掺杂使电极的阻抗从266 Ω减小到102 Ω. Li⁺嵌入扩散系数从1.20×10^-11 cm²·s^-1增大到 2.54×10^-11 cm²·s^-1. Li(Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3)_0.98Zn_0.02O₂正极材料以0.3C充放电在较高的截止电压(4.6 V)下比其他两种材料的电化学循环性能更稳定, 其第二周的放电比容量为176.2 mAh·g^-1, 循环100周后容量几乎没衰减; 高温(55 °C)下充放电循环100周, 其放电比容量平均每周仅衰减0.20%, 远小于其他两种正极材料(LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂平均每周衰减0.54%; Li(Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3)_0.95Zn_0.05O₂平均每周衰减0.38%). Li(Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3)_0.98Zn_0.02O₂正极材料以3C充放电时其放电比容量可达142 mAh·g^-1, 高于其他两种正极材料. 电化学稳定性的提高归因于Zn掺杂后减小了电极的极化和阻抗, 增大了锂离子扩散系数.     

Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of six saponins from Sapindus trifoliatus

Complete 1H and 13C spectral assignments are reported for six saponins from the pericarp of Sapindus trifoliatus (Hindi name: Reetha) collected from Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra, India, using only 1D and 2D NMR methods. The structures of the compounds were elucidated as hederagenin 3-O-(3-O-acetyl-beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-(1-3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-alpha-L-ara-binopyranoside, hederagenin 3-O-(4-O-acetyl-beta-D-xylop-yranosyl)-(1-3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-alpha-L-arabinop-yranoside, hederagenin 3-O-(3,4-O-diacetyl-beta-D-xylopy-ranosyl)-(1-3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-alpha-L-arabinopy-ranoside, hederagenin 3-O-(3,4-O-diacetyl-alpha-L-arabinop-yranosyl)-(1-3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-alpha-L-arabinop-yranoside, hederagenin 3-O-(beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-(1-3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside and he-deragenin 3-O-(alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl)-(1-3)-alpha-L-rhamno-pyranosyl-(1-2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside. It is concluded that saponins of this complexity approach the limit of structural complexity, which can be solved by NMR alone, precisely and quickly.     

无溶剂自催化合成吡咯或吲哚Michael加成产物

在吡咯或吲哚自身N－H的催化下,在无溶剂条件下合成了3个吡咯和5个吲哚Michael加成产物(2a～2c和3a～3e,其中2b和3a～3e为新化合物),收率80%～92%, 3a~3c的d/r值分别为3.8 : 1, 1.3 : 1和1.1 :1,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。     

Y2O3包覆LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2的电化学性能

通过在硝酸钇水溶液浸渍并焙烧的简单工艺, 在LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2材料表面包覆了一层Y2O3. 采用X射线衍射(XRD), 扫描电子显微镜(SEM), 透射电子显微镜(TEM), 循环伏安(CV)和恒流充放电对包覆和未包覆的LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2进行了测试分析. 结果表明, Y2O3包覆并没有改变LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2的晶体结构, 只存在于LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2的表面; 与未包覆的材料相比, Y2O3包覆后的材料在高电位下具有更好的容量保持率和放电容量. CV测试表明, 包覆层的存在有效抑制了材料层状结构的转变及电极与电解液的负反应.     

锂离子电池正极材料xLi2MnO3·(1-x)Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2的制备及表征

以过渡金属乙酸盐和乙酸锂为原料,柠檬酸为螯合剂,通过溶胶-凝胶法结合高温煅烧法制备了锂离子电池富锂锰基正极材料xLi2MnO3·(1-x)Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2,采用X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和电化学性能测试对所得样品的结构,形貌及电化学性能进行了表征.结果表明:x=0.5时,在900°C下煅烧12h得到颗粒均匀细小的层状xLi2MnO3·(1-x)Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2材料,并具有良好的电化学性能,在室温下以20mA·g-1的电流密度充放电,2.0-4.8V电位范围内首次放电比容量高达260.0mAh·g-1,循环40次后放电比容量为244.7mAh·g-1,容量保持率为94.12%.     

Some reactions of 3-hydroxythietane

3-Hydroxythietane is readily oxidized by hydrogen peroxide in acetone or acetic acid solution at 0°C to give 3-hydroxythietane-1-oxide. 3-Thietyl acetate is oxidized similarly. 3-Hydroxythietane-1-oxide reacts vigorously with SOCl₂ in benzene, with the formation of bis-2, 3-dichloropropyl disulfide. 3-Hydroxythietane-1,1-dioxide reacts with phosgene to give 3-thietyl-1, 1-dioxide chloroformate, which gives with diethylamine 3-thietyl-1, 1-dioxide N, N-dimethylcarbamate. Sodium peroxide and barium perbenzoate with the chloroformate give the corresponding di-(3-thietyl-1, 1-dioxide) peroxydicarbonate and 3-thietyl-1, 1-dioxide perbenzoate.     

A novel synthesis of α-hydroxy- and α,α′-dihydroxyketone from α-iodo and α,α′-diiodo ketone using photoirradiation

A novel reaction of α-iodo ketone (α-iodocycloalkanone, α-iodo-β-alkoxy ester, and α-iodoacyclicketone) with irradiation under a high-pressure mercury lamp gave the corresponding α-hydroxyketone in good yields. In the case of α,α′-diiodo ketone, α,α′-dihydroxyketone which little has been reported until now was obtained. This reaction affords a new, clean and convenient synthetic method for α-hydroxy- and α,α′-dihydroxyketone.     

Five new bidesmoside triterpenoid saponins from Stauntonia chinensis

Eleven triterpenoid saponins (1-11) were isolated from Stauntonia chinensis DC. (Lardizabalaceae), including five new compounds, yemuoside YM(21-25) (1-3, 6, 7) structures of which were elucidated by chemical methods and a combination of MS, 1D- and 2D- NMR experiments including DEPT, (1)H--(1)H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, TOCSY, and NOESY as 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-]alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-akebonicacid-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1), 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-akebonic acid-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-akebonic acid-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-]alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-akebonic acid-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (6), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-]alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-akebonic acid-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (7).     

镧系金属有机配合物的研究XIV:三(环戊二烯基)稀土金属配合物-氢化钠体系对烯烃的还原反应

研究了九种稀土有机配合物CP3Ln(Ln=La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Tb,Y,Er,Yb和Lu)与氢化钠组成的一种新还原体系及与烯烃还原反应的结果.CP3Ln-NaH体系在45℃,四氢呋喃溶液中能程度不同地把1-己烯还原成己烷.还原活性与稀土金属离子的离子半径密切相关.活性顺序是轻稀土>中稀土>重稀土.以CP3Sm最高,CP3Yb最低.讨论了各种因素对还原的影响及还原机理.     

无外加催化剂条件下邻取代芳香醛与5, 5-二甲基-1, 3-环己二 酮的反应研究

在DMF溶剂中,不外加催化剂使邻取代芳香醛(1)与5,5-二甲基-1,3-环己二酮(2)发生缩合和加成反应生成3,3,6,6-四甲基-4a-羟基-9-芳基-1,8-二氧代-2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9a-十氢化-1H-氧杂蒽(3a-3d)。在同样条件下,邻羟基芳香醛与5,5-二甲基-1,3-环己二酮则发生缩合、加成和脱水反应生成3,3-二甲基-9-(5,5-二甲基-3-羟基-2-环己烯-1-酮-2-基)-1-氧代-2,3,4,9-四氢化-1-氧杂蒽(4a-4b)。用单晶X-射线分析法确定了产物3a和4a的晶体结构。     

CoAl2O4包覆LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2的电化学性能

通过共沉淀法制得类球形锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂,并用非水相共沉法对其进行CoAl₂O₄包覆得到LNCMO(x). 采用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微术（SEM）和透射电子显微术（TEM）测试材料的结构和观察材料形貌. 结果表明,CoAl₂O₄在材料表面形成8 nm均匀包覆层,未改变主体材料的结构. 电化学性能测试表明,1%（by mass）CoAl₂O₄包覆量的LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2材料（LNCMO(1)）高充电电压（3.0 ~ 4.6 V,150 mA·g^-1）100周期循环放电容量保持率为93.7%（无包覆LNCMO(0)保持率为74.4%）;55 °C高温100周期循环容量保持率为77%（无包覆LNCMO(0)保持率17%）. XRD和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）测试表明,CoAl₂O₄包覆的LNCMO(x)材料可有效地减缓材料中Mn离子在电解液的溶解,提高材料结构稳定性和热稳定性.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Ion-exchange Copolyimide

A new diamine, disodium 4, 4‘-di(4-aminophenoxy)-3, 3‘-disulfonate-1, 1‘-diphenylketone, was prepared from the nucleophilic substitution of disodium 4, 4‘-difluoro-3, Y-disulfonate-1, l‘-diphenylketone and p-aminophenol. Polymerization of this diamine and 4,4‘-diamino-1, 1‘-diphenyl ether with 3, 3‘, 4, 4‘-tetracarboxyl dianhydride-1, 1‘- diphenyl ketone gave ion-exchange copolyimide. The new diamine and its polyimide were characterized with ^1H-NMR and FT-IR.     

Regio - and stereospecific halogenation of 7alogenoalkenes in liquid hydrogen fluoride

The products of bromo and chlorofluorination of E and Z-1,2-dichloroethylenes, 1, 3-dichloro-1-propenes, 1, 1-dichloro- ethylene and 1, 3-dichloro-2-fluoro-1-propene by N-bromosuccinimide and hexachloromelamine in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride have been studied. It was found that the reaction was in all cases 100% regio and 93–100% trans-stereospecific with the exception of E-1, 2-dichloro-ethylene, its trans-stereospecificity being 85%.Threo and erithro-1-bromo-1, 2-dichloro-2-fluoroethanes, 2-bromo-1, 3-dichloro-1-fluoropropanes and 1, 2, 3-trichloro-1-fluoro-propanes as well 1, 1, 2-trichloro-2-fluoroethane, 1-bromo-2, 2-dichloro-2-fluoroethane, 1, 2, 2-trichloro-2 fluoroethane, 1-bromo-1, 3-dichloro-2, 2-difluoropropane, and 1, 1, 3-trichloro-2,2-difluoropropane were obtained in 50–70% yield.The bromination of E and Z-1, 3-dichloro-1-propenes with molecular bromine in carbon tetrachloride in the dark is non-stereospecific and gives a mixture of erithro and threo-1, 2-dibromo-1, 3-dichloropropanes in the ratio about 1:1. However, the bromination reaction in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride solution proceeds with a high degree of stereospecificity (94–95%) and gives threo-1, 2-dibromo-1, 3-dichloropropane from Z and erithro-1, 2-dibromo-1, 3-dichloropropane from E-1, 3-dichloro-1-propene.The data obtained are considered in terms of an electrophilic mechanism of halogenoalkene halogenation in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and a free-radical mechanism in carbon tetrachloride.     

Indole derivatives

The Fischer condensation of arylhydrazones of 2, 2, 5, 5-tetramethyl-pyrrolid-3-one has given 1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyl-7, 8-benzo-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydropyrrolo[3, 4-b]indole and 1, 1, 3, 3, 7-pentamethyl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydropyrrolo[3, 4-b]indole. On Clemmensen reduction of the latter, the pyrrole ring undergoes degradation.For Part XXIX, see [1].     

无气味的1-（1, 3-二噻-2-亚基）丙酮作有效的1, 3-丙二硫醇替代试剂的缩硫醛/酮化反应

在常温1-（1, 3-二噻-2-亚基）丙酮1f是无气味的、稳定的白色固体,它易通过易制备的3-（1, 3-二噻-2亚基）-2, 4-戊二酮1b的酸性条件下的脱乙酰化反应制得,产率为86%。在MeCOCl/MeOH体系中,在常温和回流条件下,1f能作为有效的1, 3-丙二硫醇替代试剂与醛和酮进行缩硫醛/酮化反应,高产率（86-99%）合成1, 3-二噻烷衍生物。与已报道的硫醇替代试剂1a-e相比,在缩硫醛/酮化反应中1f是活性最好的1, 3-丙二硫醇替代试剂。