Renormalisation of out-of-equilibrium quantum fields

We consider the initial value problem and its renormalisation in the framework of the two-particle-irreducible (2PI) effective action. We argue that in the case of appropriately chosen self-consistent initial conditions, the counterterms needed to renormalise the system in equilibrium are also sufficient to renormalise its time evolution. In this way we improve on Gaussian initial conditions which have the disadvantage of generically not showing a continuum limit. For a more detailed discussion see [Sz. Borsányi and U. Reinosa, arXiv:0809.0496].     

Reusable zinc oxide nanoflowers for the synthesis of α-aminophosphonates under solvent-free ultrasonication

A simple wet chemical method is used to prepare zinc oxide nanoflowers (ZnO NFs) which were subjected to various characterization techniques such as XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, FE-SEM, and XPS. XRD pattern indicates pure, crystalline, and monodispersed form with hexagonal wurtzite phase. The 3-D flower shape morphology with hexagonal ZnO nanorods was confirmed in FE-SEM. The synthesized ZnO NFs was used to study catalytic behavior in Kabachnik–Fields reaction under controlled ultrasound cavitation technique. High surface-to-volume ratio of ZnO NFs and the effect of ultrasonication enhances the yield of α-aminophosphonate. The catalyst was recycled and reused four times without any significant loss of its catalytic activity. Moreover, existing method becomes attractive and practical due to its easy, clean, fast, cost-effective, and eco-friendly procedure.     

Copper (I) Iodide-Catalyzed Solvent-Free Synthesis of α-Aminophosphonates

Abstract

A method for the synthesis of α-aminophosphonates through the three-component coupling reaction of aldehydes, amines, and diisopropyl phosphite using copper (I) iodide salt catalyst is demonstrated, The reaction is highly efficient, economic, and also environment friendly.

[Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements for the following free supplemental resource: Table S1, Figures S1–S9.]

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT      

结合区域提取和改进卷积神经网络的水下小目标检测

针对水下小目标信息量有限而难以提取有效特征导致的检测性能不佳问题,提出了一种结合区域提取和融合Hu矩特征的改进卷积神经网络水下小目标检测方法。该方法包含区域提取和分类两个步骤。首先以马尔可夫随机场分割算法为基础进行区域提取,对潜在目标定位的同时降低伪目标对后续分类的干扰;然后提取潜在目标区域的Hu矩特征并融入卷积神经网络,形成一种形状特征表征能力更强的改进卷积神经网络用于分类。声呐实测数据处理结果表明,该方法可以有效提升对水下小目标的发现概率和正确报警率,与其他目标检测方法相比,该方法具有更好的检测性能和泛化性。     

In-situ mechanical properties identification of 3D particulate composites using the Virtual Fields Method

This paper presents an identification procedure based on the Virtual Fields Method (VFM) for identifying in situ mechanical properties of composite materials constitutive phases from 3D full-field measurements. The new procedure, called the Regularized Virtual Fields Method (RVFM), improves the accuracy of the VFM thanks to the imposition of mechanical constraints derived from an appropriate homogenization model. The developed algorithms were validated through virtual experiments on particulate composites. The robustness of both the VFM and the RVFM was assessed in the presence of noisy strain data for various microstructures. A study was also carried out to investigate the influence of the size of region of interests on the reliability of the identified parameters. Accordingly, the optimum size of region of interest was determined based on full-field measurement requirements and accuracy of the identified parameters. This study enables determining, a priori, the required magnification level of 3D images for composites of any mechanical and morphological characteristics.     

GF（4）上RM展式系数转换的高效算法

在二值和多值逻辑研究中,最常用的两种函数表达式是基于格代数的SOP表达式和基于Galois域的Reed-Muller展式(RM展式)。由RM展式实现的电路由于具有故障诊断容易和线性运算功能,因而在可靠性设计、编码理论和数字通信中得到了广泛的应用。然而,RM展式系数向量不象SOP表达式那样与函数值向量有直接对应关系,因此RM展式系数向     

A NEW FAMILY OF BINARY SEQUENCES WITH OPTIMAL AUTOCORRELATION VALUES AND NICE PSEUDO-RANDOM PROPERTIES

In this paper we present a series of binary sequences which is a generalization of GMW sequences constructed by Scholtz and Welch. Our sequences have optimal autocorrelation values as m -sequences, and nice pseudo-random property. The number of such sequences is counted and the linear span of such sequences is evaluated.     

Interacting Spin 0 Fields with Torsion via Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau Theory

Here we study the behaviour of the spin 0 sector of the DKP field in spaces with torsion. First we show that in a Riemann-Cartan manifold the DKP field presents an interaction with torsion when minimal coupling is performed, contrary to the behaviour of the KG field, a result that breaks the usual equivalence between the DKP and the KG fields.Next we analyse the case of the Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity (Weitzenböck manifold), showing that in this case there is a perfect agreement between KG and DKP fields. The origins of both results are also discussed.On leave from     

Development of highly potent chiral discrimination methods that solve the problems of the diastereomer method

The development of highly potent chiral discrimination methods that solve the problems of the diastereomer method, in which it is impossible to discriminate the diastereomers having chiral centers separated by more than four bonds, is described. On the basis of the results obtained, a new hypothesis, Induced Chiral Fields that the achiral reversed phase can provide chiral fields depending on the structures of the eluents, is proposed to explain the significant results of separation of the diastereomers derived from newly developed chiral and fluorescent labeling reagents and optical isomers by reversed-phase HPLC, which was hitherto impossible.