区间直觉犹豫模糊集的两种相似测度及其在模式识别中的应用

模糊集的相似测度是模糊集理论的重要组成部分之一,有着广泛的应用.首先给出了基于隶属度、非隶属度和犹豫度的区间直觉犹豫模糊集的标准海明距离、标准欧氏距离、广义标准海明距离公式以及它们的加权距离公式.然后提出了基于距离的区间直觉犹豫模糊集相似测度和区间直觉犹豫模糊集的余弦相似度,并给出了公理化证明.两种相似测度均包含了区间直觉犹豫模糊集的隶属度、非隶属度和犹豫度.最后将这两种相似测度应用到基于区间直觉犹豫模糊信息的模式识别中.     

基于TOPSIS模型的机场网络节点重要度评估

在机场网络中单个机场节点的失效往往会对其他的节点产生影响,特别是关键节点的失效会波及整个网络.准确客观的识别重要节点机场关乎整个机场网络的安全运营.本文分析了机场网络拓扑特性中的度、集聚系数和接近度指标,考虑了机场旅客吞吐量和所在城市人口等交通经济特性指标,使用熵权法确定权重的基础上,应用TOPSIS法构建综合评价体系模型,最后以华东地区机场网络为例进行节点重要度排序.结果表明与单一指标的评估结果相比,该方法更加全面客观的确定不同属性指标的权重,避免了不同指标取值的差异性,使评价更加全面,更符合机场网络实际运营情况.     

由具体数学向形式数学的第一次转折——“正数和负数”课堂教学实录及解析

基于“四度六步”教学法的理论基础与实践架构,采用“温故—引新—探究—变式—尝试—提升”六步教学模式,设计“正数和负数”一课,创造“有温度、有梯度、有深度、有宽度”的四度精彩课堂.     

给定度序列图的覆盖成本和反向覆盖成本的研究

具有n个顶点且度序列为(m,2,…,2,1,…,1)(1的重数为m)的连通图不止一个(这些图均为树),而每个树对应唯一一个段序列(l₁,l₂,…,l_m).通过对任意一树移动最长段的悬挂点到最短段悬挂点的方式得到另一树,比较前后两树的覆盖成本和反向覆盖成本,给出了具有最小覆盖成本和反向覆盖成本的极树,并且进一步给出了取得最小覆盖成本和反向覆盖成本的顶点.     

基于NiCo2O4纳米片电极的非对称混合电容器

The looming global energy crisis and ever-increasing energy demands have catalyzed the development of renewable energy storage systems. In this regard, supercapacitors (SCs) have attracted widespread attention because of their advantageous attributes such as high power density, excellent cycle stability, and environmental friendliness. However, SCs exhibit low energy density and it is important to optimize electrode materials to improve the overall performance of these devices. Among the various electrode materials available, spinel nickel cobaltate (NiCo₂O₄) is particularly interesting because of its excellent theoretical capacitance. Based on the understanding that the performances of the electrode materials strongly depend on their morphologies and structures, in this study, we successfully synthesized NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets on Ni foam via a simple hydrothermal route followed by calcination. The structures and morphologies of the as-synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and the results showed that they were uniformly distributed on the Ni foam support. The surface chemical states of the elements in the samples were identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The as-synthesized NiCo₂O₄ products were then tested as cathode materials for supercapacitors in a traditional three-electrode system. The electrochemical performances of the NiCo₂O₄ electrode materials were studied and the area capacitance was found to be 1.26 C·cm^-2 at a current density of 1 mA·cm^-2. Furthermore, outstanding cycling stability with 97.6% retention of the initial discharge capacitance after 10000 cycles and excellent rate performance (67.5% capacitance retention with the current density from 1 to 14 mA·cm^-2) were achieved. It was found that the Ni foam supporting the NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets increased the conductivity of the electrode materials. However, it is worth noting that the contribution of nickel foam to the areal capacitance of the electrode materials was almost zero during the charge and discharge processes. To further investigate the practical application of the as-synthesized NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets-based electrode, a device was assembled with the as-prepared samples as the positive electrode and active carbon (AC) as the negative electrode. The assembled supercapacitor showed energy densities of 0.14 and 0.09 Wh·cm^-3 at 1.56 and 4.5 W·cm^-3, respectively. Furthermore, it was able to maintain 95% of its initial specific capacitance after 10000 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance of the NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets could be ascribed to their unique spatial structure composed of interconnected ultrathin nanosheets, which facilitated electron transportation and ion penetration, suggesting their potential applications as electrode materials for high performance supercapacitors. The present synthetic route can be extended to other ternary transition metal oxides/sulfides for future energy storage devices and systems.     

绝对重力测量异常值的局部异常因子检测算法

自主研发绝对重力仪的测量结果中出现的离群程度不同的异常值会直接影响测量结果的准确度和测量精度。目前一般采用的一元正态分布异常值检测算法漏检率高,容易造成测量结果的偏差和测量精度的下降。利用人工智能算法中的局部异常因子异常值检测算法,可以在线、快速、高效地完成自主研发绝对重力测量数据的异常值检测。首先,根据实测数据构建测试数据集,利用数值模拟确定局部异常因子算法邻域宽度参数的取值;然后,基于实测数据进行异常值检测并进行结果评估。评估结果表明,局部异常因子异常值检测算法对离群程度不同、连续出现异常值等情况检测效果明显优于一元正态分布异常值检测算法,组测量精度平均提高9.37μGal,可以作为自主研发绝对重力仪异常值检测的通用算法完成组测量结果的异常值检测。     

阳树脂再生度对水汽系统氢电导率监测准确性的影响研究

水汽系统氢电导率监测用氢交换柱附加误差超标是造成氢电导率测量不准确的主要原因，而氢交换柱附加误差超标主要源于阳树脂的再生度低。理论分析和研究结果表明，氢交换柱附加误差与阳树脂再生度及水样Cl^-浓度均有关系，再生度越低，Cl^-浓度越高，氢交换柱附加误差就越大。对于超临界水汽系统氢电导率测量用氢交换柱，为了保证附加误差满足不大于5%的标准要求，建议控制树脂再生度在85%以上。阳树脂再生度取决于再生工艺，动态再生和电再生的效果要比静态浸泡再生好，可以保证树脂的再生度和氢交换柱的附加误差满足要求。