Synthesis of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite platelets by vacuum impregnation

In perovskite solar cells and optoelectronics, perovskite film morphology controls the performance of the device. Various methods have been developed to control the morphology and coverage of the perovskite films. In this article platelet type perovskite morphlogy was synthesized using low temperature vacuum impregnation of the perovskite solution CH₃NH₃PbI₃ resulting in complete coverage on TiO₂ film. Vacuum impregnation synthesis of perovskites has the advantage of low cost and low temperature which faciliates application in flexible electronics and solar cells.     

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide-Based Processes in Photocatalytic Applications

Conventional methods generally used to synthesize heterogeneous photocatalysts have some drawbacks, mainly the difficult control/preservation of catalysts’ morphology, size or structure, which strongly affect the photocatalytic activity. Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂)-assisted techniques have recently been shown to be a promising approach to overcome these limitations, which are still a challenge. In addition, compared to traditional methods, these innovative techniques permit the synthesis of high-performance photocatalysts by reducing the use of toxic and polluting solvents and, consequently, the environmental impact of long-term catalyst preparation. Specifically, the versatility of scCO₂ allows to prepare catalysts with different structures (e.g., nanoparticles or metal-loaded supports) by several supercritical processes for the photocatalytic degradation of various compounds. This is the first updated review on the use of scCO₂-assisted techniques for photocatalytic applications. We hope this review provides useful information on different approaches and future perspectives.     

高温超导无绝缘线圈励磁电压特性研究

本文通过实验研究了焊锡浸渍、励磁电流PI控制、励磁速率以及励磁幅值对高温超导无绝缘线圈励磁电压特性的影响。实验结果表明:高温超导无绝缘线圈励磁电压具有时延特性,焊锡浸渍、励磁电流PI控制分别会增大和减小时延特性,而励磁速率和励磁幅值不会影响时延特性;励磁电压幅值随励磁速率增大而增大;焊锡浸渍可降低励磁电压幅值,而励磁电流控制对励磁电压幅值影响不明显。     

超声浸渍对费托合成Co/Zr/SiO2催化剂性能的影响

采用超声浸渍法制备了费托合成Co/Zr/SiO2催化剂,考察了超声波功率对催化剂费托反应性能的影响,并运用N2物理吸附、X射线衍射、H2程序升温脱附、H2程序升温还原和透射电子显微镜对催化剂进行了表征,结果表明,超声波处理可以增大催化剂的比表面积,减小金属Co的粒径,并使其较为均匀地分散于载体表面,其中以高功率超声波作...     

焙烧温度对1,4-丁烯二醇加氢Cu/Raney-Ni催化剂结构和性能影响

在Ni-Al合金粉上浸渍硝酸铜溶液,经不同温度焙烧得到Cu改性Ni-Al合金粉,采用质量分数10%NaOH溶液浸渍上述改性合金粉得Cu/Raney-Ni催化剂。采用EDX、XRD、N_2吸附-脱附、TEM和NH_3-TPD等手段表征了Ni-Al合金粉及相应Raney-Ni催化剂的元素含量、晶体结构、孔结构特征、表面形貌和表面酸碱性,并以1,4-丁烯二醇加氢制1,4-丁二醇为探针反应,考察了焙烧温度对Raney-Ni催化剂加氢性能的影响。表征分析表明,焙烧温度500℃所制备的CRT500催化剂比表面积较大,为64.96m~2/g;弱酸中心比例较高,达81.2%。结果表明,焙烧温度升高,BED可实现完全转化,BDO选择性和收率均先升高后降低。其中,CRT500加氢性能较好,BED转化率为100.00%,BDO选择性为61.88%。进一步升高焙烧温度,催化剂RCT550和RCT600的BDO选择性和收率反而降低,这是由于高温下催化剂易发生团聚或烧结。结合催化剂表征可知,CRT500具有较好的加氢性能,这与该催化剂具有合适的Ni/Al物质的量比(3.84)、弱酸中心所占比例较大和活性组分Ni分散性好等因素有较大关联。     

Chinese Journal of Catalysis Graphical Contents

Chin. J. Catal., 2014, 35: 1911–1916 doi: 10.1016/S1872‐2067(14)60208‐4 Dehydrogenation of primary aliphatic alcohols to aldehydes over Cu‐Ni bimetallic catalysts Tianliang Lu, Zhongtian Du, Junxia Liu, Chen Chen, Jie Xu * Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences     

不同金属在催化脱硝过程中作用研究

采用共浸渍法和分步浸渍法在氧化铝载体上通过调节金属元素的负载量和负载顺序制备了多种催化剂,测试了其在NH3作为还原剂条件下的低温催化脱硝活性,研究各种活性组分在脱硝过程中的作用,考察浸渍顺序对脱硝性能的影响。在(?)(NO)=500×10~(-6),n(NH_3):n(NO)=1:1和(?)(O_2)=3.6%的条件下进行试验,结果表明,Mn在脱硝反应中是主要的活性组分,而Fe和Zr是助催化组分;浸渍顺序对催化剂脱硝活性有一定影响;当Fe负载量达到10%时,制备的催化剂5Zr-5Mn-10Fe/Al_2O_3脱硝活性最佳。     

Synthesis of sulfated titania supported on mesoporous silica using direct impregnation and its application in esterification of acetic acid and n-butanol

A new method has been developed for the preparation of sulfated titania (S-TiO₂) supported on mesoporous silica. The use of direct exchange of metal containing precursors for the surfactants in the as-synthesized MCM-41 substrate produced a product with high sulfur content without serious blockage of the pore structure of MCM-41. The pore sizes and volumes of the resultant S-TiO₂/MCM-41 composites were found to vary markedly with the loading of TiO₂. The strong acidic character of the composites obtained was examined by using them as catalysts for the esterification of acetic acid and n-butanol.     

锂离子电池正极材料LiMnO_2的电化学阻抗谱研究

通过球形扩散模型给出了一种测定锂离子在电极材料中固相表观扩散系数的计算方法(修正Warburg阻抗法),研究了LiMnO_2电极的交流阻抗和锂离子的扩散行为.研究表明,材料合成温度影响电极反应表面电荷传递和材料中的锂离子扩散特性.用熔盐浸渍法在500℃保温12h合成的LiMnO_2正极材料的锂离子表观扩散系数为1.49×10~(-10)cm~2/s.     

石墨烯/硫酸铅复合材料的制备及其在铅酸电池中的电化学性能

利用简单的浸渍法制备了石墨烯/硫酸铅复合材料,使得硫酸铅可以直接用作铅酸电池负极材料。该复合材料分别以100 mA·g^-1、200 mA·g^-1和300 mA·g^-1电流密度放电时,平均放电比容量分别可达到110、94和69 mAh·g^-1,而硫酸铅仅为49、5和0.5 mAh·g^-1,显示出复合材料在高倍率充放电下更好的比容量和再接受充电能力。循环伏安测试表明石墨烯的电容效应随扫描速率增大而增强,同时析氢也变得严重,使得复合材料在充放电过程中充电效率比纯硫酸铅低20%。在充放电过程中,石墨烯能够提高硫酸铅1倍以上的放电容量,并将充电电压提高0.1 V。XRD和SEM结果显示硫酸铅均匀分布在石墨烯片层上,没有出现团聚现象。