STUDIES ON RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUG ISE''''S (Ⅳ) SELECTIVITY OF, DRUG ISE''''S WITH HETERO-POLY ACID ANION SITE TOWARD METAL IONS

The relationship between the selectivity of six drug ion-selective electrodes with anionic species of hetero-poly acid as exchange site and the structural and thermodynamical parameters of the metal ion has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. The electrode selectivity is controlled mainly by the extractibility or hydrophobicity of the metal ion, but not by the ion-association-complex formation process. Linear relationship exists between the pK_(ij) value and the structural parameter z~2/(r + 0.85) and the thermodynamic parameter of hydration (△G_h) of the metal ion. Better correlation is obtained for the pK_(ij)vs. (z~2/r)~(-k) relationship.     

消色差的1/4波长延迟器的几何光学设计

在许多光谱学测量和实验研究中,常需要一个消色差1/4波长延迟器来满足各种实验测量条件.这可以通过一个在工作波长范围内折射率变化较小的菱型棱镜来实现.为了使用方便,在光学系统中可设计一个具有三个全内反射面的V型棱镜,其总的相位延迟达90°,同时可避免光路偏差.在实际应用中,需对棱镜的尺寸和通光孔径进行优化设计,以达到最佳效果.在本文中,我们给出了具有这种结构的几何设计例子,还结合不同参量成功地设计研制了一个消色差的1/4波长延迟器,并应用于磁光材料的克尔效应测量中.文中给出了详细计算和误差修正,所给出的计算公式可用于其他尺寸的消色差1/4波长器的设计和研制.     

A general method for large-scale fabrication of Cu nanoislands/dragonfly wing SERS flexible substrates

Noble metal nanorough surfaces that support strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) is widely applied in the practical detection of organic molecules. A low-cost, large-area, and environment-friendly SERS-active substrate was acquired by sputtering inexpensive copper(Cu) on natural dragonfly wing(DW) with an easily controlled way of magnetron sputtering. By controlling the sputtering time of the fabrication of Cu on the DW, the performance of the SERS substrates was greatly improved. The SERS-active substrates, obtained at the optimal sputtering time(50 min),showed a low detection limit(10~(-6)M) to 4-aminothiophenol(4-ATP), a high average enhancement factor(EF, 1.98 × 10~4),excellent signal uniformity, and good reproducibility. In addition, the results of the 3D finite-difference time-domain(3 DFDTD) simulation illustrated that the SERS-active substrates provided high-density "hot spots", leading to a large SERS enhancement.     

药物离子选择性电极响应规律的系统研究——Ⅶ.串联型微电极性能及其理论探讨

本文研制出具有较强实用性的串联型微电极(MCCS,Microcells Connected in Series),并将其用于高价态药物链霉索的测定,测定灵敏度与准确度显著提高。依据正态分布函数的卷积原理,提出了MCCS电极的误差模型,修正了文献[1]的疏漏片面之处,用Monte Carlo实验进行了验证。     

STUDIES ON RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUG ISE''''S (Ⅶ)——PERFORMANCE AND THEORETICAL TREATMENT OF MICROCELLS CONNECTED IN SERIES

A new type of MCCS (microcells connected in series) has been constructed and its performances investigated. It has been applied to the determination of streptomycin. The sensitivity and accuracy have been increased significantly. A theoretical model for the error of determination using the MCCS has been suggested and proved experimentally using the Monte Carlo method, and the error model proposed in Ref. [1] revised.     

变价态离子电极的理论模型

本文建立了表述变价态离子电极特殊行为的理论模型, 阐明了S-δ经验式及用δ-PH作图法求双质子化离子pKal的潜在机理, 提出更为简便而准确的pKal二阶微商计算法, 并依据电极电位随溶液PH变化的关系求出pKa2。     

药物离子选择性电极响应规律的系统研究——Ⅳ.杂多酸型药物电极对金属阳离子选择性规律的探讨

本文通过对6种药物的杂多酸型电极对金属离子K_(ij)值与金属离子的结构参数和水合热力学参数关系的研究,发现离子的缔合不是离子产生干扰过程的控制因素。选择性主要取决于干扰离子的萃取性能或疏水性。推导并验证了pK_(ij)值与离子结构参数((z~2)/(r+0.85))及水合热力学参数(△G_(hydr))间存在线性关系。考虑到Born模型在电极复杂体系应用中的局限性,经过对离子结构参数函数关系全面考察,认为(z~2/r)~(-1)可取代(z~2)/(r+0.85)因子获得更好的拟合效果。     

对羟基苯甲酸酯类防腐剂的人体暴露

在过去50年中,对羟基苯甲酸酯类防腐剂(parabens)被广泛用于食品、药品和化妆品的生产中.常用的parabens包括对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、乙酯、丙酯、丁酯、异丙酯和异丁酯.此类防腐剂已在人体血液和尿液中广泛检出,在人体内主要以代谢物对羟基苯甲酸的形式存在.研究表明,该类防腐剂可能与乳腺癌的发病有关,动物实验表明该类防腐剂可能具有雌激素活性,因此其在环境介质和人体组织中的残留、污染和毒性受到广泛关注.本文综述了parabens在体外暴露(食品、药品、化妆品、空气、灰尘、水和土壤)和体内暴露(血液、尿液、脂肪组织)方面的最新研究进展,总结了不同环境介质和人体组织中parabens的含量水平以及暴露量,对体外暴露和体内暴露进行了比较,探讨了parabens人体暴露的主要途径.最后对parabens研究的发展趋势进行了展望.