Rayleigh散射Doppler激光雷达风场反演方法改进

在Rayleigh散射Doppler激光雷达的风场反演过程中,除了温度、压强等因素之外,风速反演结果的 准确性还受到Mie散射信号的影响．当Mie散射信号较强时,尤其是遇到高层云或火山灰等情况,如果仍不考虑 气溶胶信号,由于温度不确定度和气溶胶信号的综合影响,风速反演结果将与真值偏差很大．本文提出了利用 激光雷达在垂直方向的测量信号同时反演后向散射比和大气温度的非线性迭代算法,并优化给出了最佳的 初始发射激光工作点．仿真试验结果表明:该方法可以准确有效地反演后向散射比;将该方法结合非线性迭代 风速反演方法,可以有效消除气溶胶后向散射信号的影响,进一步提高大气风速和温度的反演精度．     

Mobile Rayleigh Doppler wind lidar based on double-edge technique

<正>We describe a mobile molecular Doppler wind lidar(DWL) based on double-edge technique for wind measurement of altitudes ranging from 10 to 40 km.A triple Fabry-Perot etalon is employed as a frequency discriminator to determine the Doppler shift proportional to the wind velocity.The lidar operates at 355 nm with a 45-cm-aperture telescope and a matching azimuth-over-elevation scanner that provides full hemispherical pointing.To guarantee wind accuracy,a single servo loop is used to monitor the outgoing laser frequency to remove inaccuracies due to the frequency drift of the laser or the etalon.The standard deviation of the outgoing laser frequency drift is 6.18 MHz and the corresponding velocity error is 1.11 m/s.The wind profiles measured by the DWL are in good agreement with the results of the wind profile radar(WPR).Evaluation is achieved by comparing at altitudes from 2 to 8 km.The relative error of horizontal wind speed is from 0.8 to 1.8 m/s in the compared ranges.The wind accuracy is less than 6 m/s at 40 km and 3 m/s at 10 km.     

收发分置氦激光雷达系统参数设计与性能分析

针对收发分置氦激光雷达系统,基于连续激光束成像技术,获得了不同收发分置距离下对应的距离分辨率大小,以及单列CCD像素元与高度的对应关系和距离分辨率随高度的变化曲线.对比分析了在不同亚稳态氦原子密度的条件下,系统单列像素元接收到的光子数与探测高度的对应关系,并获得了信噪比和相对误差随探测高度的变化情况.仿真结果表明,增加积分时间可以提高信噪比,在400～1 000 km的高度范围内,积分时间为2 h,距离分辨率为50 km时,信噪比在10～65范围内,相对误差小于10%.研究结果表明采用收发分置氦共振荧光激光雷达系统可实现对热层200～1 000 km亚稳态氦密度的探测,为进一步完善优化收发分置氦共振荧光激光雷达系统的方案提供参考.     

亚稳态氦共振荧光激光雷达系统方案比较分析

对脉冲光和连续光两种激光雷达系统进行了改进,在原有激光雷达系统的基础上进一步细化设计参数,并结合系统本身限制选择更合适的设备。对两种激光雷达系统回波信号进行模拟计算,并就信噪比和实现难度等方面进行了对比,结果表明,脉冲光激光雷达更合适探测热层和外逸层亚稳态氦密度。     

Analysis of Detectors and Transmission Curve Correction of Mobile Rayleigh Doppler Wind Lidar

A mobile molecular Doppler wind lidar （DWL） based on double-edge technique is presented for wind measurement at altitudes from 10 km to 40 km. A triple Fabry-Perot etalon is employed as a frequency discriminator to determine the Doppler shift proportional to the wind velocity. The lidar operates at 355 nm with a 45-cm aperture telescope and a matching azimuth-over-elevation scanner that can provide full hemispherical pointing. In order to guarantee the wind accuracy, different forms of calibration function of detectors in different count rates response range would be especially valuable. The accuracy of wind velocity iteration is improved greatly because of application of the calibration function of linearity at the ultra low light intensity especially at altitudes from 10 km to 40 km. The calibration functions of nonlinearity make the transmission of edge channel 1 and edge channel 2 increase 38.9% and 27.7% at about 1 M count rates, respectively. The dynamic range of wind field measurement may also be extended because of consideration of the response function of detectors in their all possible operating range.     

移动式多普勒激光雷达光束扫描及风场反演技术研究

移动式多普勒激光雷达在外场实验过程中,考虑到工作平台的随机性,测量坐标系很可能不再是地面参考坐标系,这为三维矢量风场的反演带来困难。提出采用三维空间坐标旋转变换的方法建立了测量坐标系与地面参考坐标系的一般关系式,并进一步导出了反演三维风场的普遍公式。此外,在光束扫描过程中,由于二维扫描仪加工精度等的限制,光束存在一定的定向误差。采用Monte-Carlo模拟方法定量研究了光束指向偏差引起的风场测量误差,结果表明,当水平风速为100m/s时,1°的光束定向误差引起的水平风速大小误差为0.712m/s,方向误差为0.704°,与理论计算结果一致。理论分析结果还表明:当水平风速为100m/s时,1°的光束最大定向偏差引起的水平风速大小的最大偏差为1.16m/s,方向最大偏差为1°。     

瑞利散射多普勒激光雷达风场反演方法

介绍了瑞利散射多普勒激光雷达的风场探测原理和系统结构. 给出了Fabry-Perot(FP)标准具透过率曲线的校准方法. 指出对透过率采用Lorentz或Voigt拟合会产生较大误差,特别是采用Lorentz拟合最大将引起8%的误差. 提出了采用非线性最小二乘法拟合标准具的透过率函数,该方法可以有效消除拟合误差,提高风速测量精度. 考虑到温度不确定度在风场反演过程中的主导影响,提出了同时反演风速和大气温度的非线性迭代算法. 风场反演仿真试验结果表明:在不考虑米散射信号的影响下,该反演算法与传统的反演方法相 关键词： 激光雷达 瑞利散射 多普勒 风