用长气体靶研究22Na+α共振散射

在日本东京大学CRIB 次级束装置上,用长气体靶开展了22Na+ α共振散射的厚靶实验研究。针对长气体靶实验中的两体运动学重构问题,提出了一套包括构建空间复杂几何关系、计算能量损失以及反应运动学的逐事件分析方法;对22Na+α共振散射的实验数据进行了重构分析,得到了E_c.m. = 4.2 ~ 5.4 MeV 区间22Na( α,α ) 的激发函数,从实验的激发函数中观测到了复合核26Al 5 个较为明显的共振峰。鉴于26Al 共振态的衰变模式比较复杂,本工作发现的26Al新共振态的能级性质有待进一步的理论分析。The 22Na+α resonant scattering is studied via a conventional thick target inverse kinematic method with an extended gas target. A data analysis method is proposed for the two-body reaction kinematic reconstruction, in which the spatial geometry, the reaction kinematics and the energy losses are considered. The experimental data of 22Na+ αresonant scattering have been thus reconstructed, and the excitation function is obtained in the energy interval of Ec.m. =4.2~5.4 MeV. Five resonant states in 26Al are observed in the experimental excitation function. Since several decay modes coexist for the observed 26Al resonant states, multi-channel theoretical analysis is thus needed to reveal their structure and decay features.     

热膨胀系数异性轴夹角优化分析

高超声速飞行器需要先进的材料进行热防护,比如增强碳/碳材料.有两种将碳纤维制作成碳/碳球锥外形的工艺,研究表明在每种工艺中,碳/碳块体或碳纤维热膨胀系数异性轴角度对结构热应力影响很大,为此本文发展了一套优化设计方法,对给定的对流加热温度场可以实现球锥热应力的最小化.分析结果表明对于热膨胀系数异性轴角度,存在某些取值点,那时结构热应力分别达到最大和最小值.在异性轴模晕小于同性平面模量的条件下,对于工艺1,如果将球锥对称轴设置成垂直于碳/碳块体的同性平面,可以将热应力减至最小;对于工艺2,如果能将编制面内的碳纤维束异性轴角度取成负值(即指向来流方向),则球锥热应力也可以得到相当程度的减小.     

用RHEED强度振荡锁相外延控制Ge/Si超晶格的生长

观察了Ge,Ge/Si交替外延时的反射式高能电子衍射(RHEED)强度振荡现象,并由此研究了Si(100)和Si(111)衬底上分子束外延Ge,Ge/Si超薄叠层的生长行为和生长特性。利用RHEED强度振荡,锁相控制生长了Ge(2ML)/Si(2ML),Ge(4ML)/Si(4ML)超薄超晶格。 关键词：     

《物理现象探索》课与素质教育

《物理现象探索》课以培养能力和提高科学素质为主要目标，引导学生大胆设想，放手实践，从现象的细微差异中探索物理规律，在学习中增加兴趣，提高能力。     

原子极化率计算中的核实极化效果

本文引入核实极化势考虑了价电子与核实电子之间的关联效应,从而对Hatree—Fork微扰方程进行了修正。应用此方法,我们计算了碱土原子Be到Ba以及稀土原子Yb的极化率.得到了与实验符合的结果。这些结果是6.07,11.14,24.02,30.54,45.32和30.15A(?)。其中,Yb的结果,是本文首次报告的。原子和分子的偶极极化率是一个重要的物理参量。它在原子碰撞中(尤其是低能碰撞)起决定性作用。它也是决定量子亏损,核屏蔽效应的重要物理参量。所以精确地计算原子的极化率是非常必要的。我们在耦合的Hatree-Fock微扰论的基础之上,引入核实极化这一物理效应,建立了一种较简捷而有效的引入关联的微扰方法,计算了Be、Mg Ca、Sr、Ba及Yb原子的偶极极化率,取得了与实验数据相符的结果。与其他作者的结果相比较,有显著的改进。其中,对原子Yb,我们首次报告了较精确的结果.     

GaP衬底上分子束外延Si时P偏析的抑制

用Si分子束外延技术在GaP(111)衬底上生长Si时,发现Si外延层表面存在P偏析,根据俄歇电子能谱(AES),反射式高能电子衍射(RHEED)在一系列不同实验条件下的结果,本文对P偏析产生的机制、外延层表面再构与P偏析之间的关系作了分析和讨论,得出偏析主要来自外延Si原子与衬底P元素之间的相互交换。在此基础上提出了一种能有效地抑制P偏析同时又改善外延层质量的新的Si/GaP(111)异质结制备方法。 关键词：     

Transformation Plasma Physics

Plasma technology has widespread applications in many fields, whereas the methods for manipulating plasma transport are limited to magnetic control. In this study, we used a simplified diffusion-migration approach to describe plasma transport. The feasibility of the transformation theory for plasma transport was demonstrated.As potential applications, we designed three model devices capable of cloaking, concentrating, and rotating plasmas without disturbing the density profile of plasmas in the ...     

一维μ介子模型原子的超强场高次谐波发射

本文提出了一个一维μ介子原子模型,用数值积分方法求解了在超强激光场作用下该模型原子的含时Schrdinger方程,得到了它的高次谐波发射谱.该谱表明,借助于这一奇异原子模型,可将相干辐射由XUV波段推向γ-射线波段.针对这个体系的高次谐波发射效率低的缺点,引入双色场后使发射效率提高了两个数量级.     

Frequencies-Selected Enhancement of the Extended High-Order Harmonic Generation Plateau from a United Two-Atom System Irradiated by a Combined Pulse

We present a high-order harmonic generation (HHG) spectrum from a united two-atom system exposed to a combined laser pulse, by numerically solving a one-dimensional time-dependent Schr6dinger equation. The combined laser pulse is composed of a low-frequency femtosecond pulse and a high-frequency attosecond one with respective appropriate amplitudes. For a suitable inter-nuclear separation, the harmonic emission efficiencies near the second cutoff of the extended plateau can be effectively enhanced by more than four orders of magnitude compared with the case of the low-frequency pulse alone. Such a combined pulse irradiating on the united twoatom system ionizes each atom, in a large rate (but not to a too large ionization yield), mainly at a particular time-interval. When the ionized electron from an atom reaches at the vicinity of the other atom and recombines with it, significant HHG enhancement is achieved for particular harmonics. This result, to our knowledge, is one of the best up to now in the endeavor for dramatically extending the width and simultaneously enhancing the height of the plateau.     

Dynamic Mechanism of Sustainable Molecular Orientation Generated From Cyclic Rotational States

Recently, two papers presented by Ortigoso et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 （2004） 073001 and Phys. Rev. A 72 （2005） 053401] develop a novel strategy in which the best sustainable molecular alignment/orientation has been achieved. We intend to analyse the dynamic mechanisms, including those Ortigoso et al. have not clarified.