热泵型纯电动客车空调结霜特性实验研究

针对热泵型纯电动客车空调系统在冬季低温高湿环境下,车外换热器易结霜而造成系统制热性能严重衰减的问题,开发了一种带有经济器的补气型纯电动客车热泵空调系统,对车外管翅式换热器结霜特性进行了实验研究。结果表明,当车外换热器完全结霜后,系统制热量和COP均大幅下降。由于采用中压补气技术,系统仍能稳定运行,当车外温度为0、-10、-20℃时,结霜过程中系统制热量分别降低了5、3.2、2.3 kW,COP分别降低了1.1、0.7、0.45,且车外空气相对湿度越大,系统制热性能衰减越严重。     

定曲率螺旋盘管式汽车尾气余热回收装置的性能研究

为研究汽车尾气余热回收装置不同参数对其性能的影响,对汽车尾气余热回收装置定曲率螺旋盘管换热器建立三维仿真模型,研究了雷诺数在4 000～14 000的范围内,定曲率螺旋盘管换热器盘管直径和螺旋直径两个几何参数对阻力和换热性能的影响。结果表明:改变换热器盘管直径,对换热器流动阻力性能影响不大,换热量随着换热器盘管直径的增加而增加;螺旋直径为70 mm时流动阻力增量最大,换热量随着螺旋直径的减小而增大。     

基于同步辐射的快速扫描X射线微束荧光成像方法

在上海光源硬X射线微聚焦光束线站(BL15U1)上, 基于EPICS软件平台, 集成运动控制, 光强探测, 荧光探测等功能, 实现了"飞行"模式 (on-the-fly) X射线扫描微束荧光成像方法. 用"飞行"扫描X射线荧光成像法获得了标准镍网, 以及微量元素Cu, Zn,K, Fe在样品老鼠脾内的分布图像, 结果显示该方法不但在速度上有了极大的提高, 而且获得的元素分布图像具有高质量. 关键词： 快速扫描X射线微束荧光成像 同步辐射 微量元素分布     

合成后再处理法制备含Ti介孔分子筛Ti-KIT-1

Mesoporous molecular series Ti-KIT-1 samples were prepared by three different post-handling methods using Ti(OEt)4 as the Ti source and KIT-1 as the support .The three post-synthetic methods were impregnated method,grafting method and colloidal method.The Ti-KIT-1 samples were characterized by FT-IR,DRS,XRD,TG-DSC and physical adsorption-desorption of nitrogen.Experimental results showed that the Ti-KIT-1 samples remained the original mesoporous structure with a smaller specific BET surface area compared to the parent KIT-1 sieve.DRS and FT-IR indicate the existence of tetrahedral titanium (Ⅳ),TG-DSC and chemical analyse method proved that TiO_2 weight percentage of grafting sample is much more than impregnated and colloidal samples.The grafting method is a good post-handling method that can effectively make use of a titanium source and promise the original mesoporous structure.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法同时测定荞麦秸秆中的8种重金属元素

基于硝酸-盐酸-氢氟酸消解体系,建立了马弗炉-微波消解-电感耦合离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法同时测定荞麦秸秆中的Cr、Cu、Ag、Mn、Fe、As、Ni、Pb等重金属含量测定方法。在微波消解的过程中,分别考察5种不同组合的混合酸体系及两种消解方法对荞麦秸秆中8种重金属测试结果的影响。实验结果表明,浓硝酸-浓盐酸-氢氟酸(6∶2∶2)混酸体系和马弗炉-微波消解样品前处理优于其他方法。在优化条件下,8种重金属加标回收率为91.2%~102%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为0.22%~4.7%,检出限为0.18~9.41μg/L。方法操作简便、快速、准确,结果可靠,能同时测定荞麦秸秆中8种重金属元素。     

荜茇宁与邻硝基苯基荧光酮的荷移反应及其测定

建立了一种测定荜茇宁的方便快捷的荷移分光光度法。荜茇宁和邻硝基苯基荧光酮在中性三酸缓冲液中发生电荷转移反应,荷移络合物在515 nm处有最大吸收,表观摩尔吸光系数为6.571×10⁴ L·mol^-1·cm^-1。该络合物的组成是1:1,药物质量浓度在0.054 6~10.92 μg/mL范围内服从比尔定律,检出限为0.015 3 μg/mL。对反应机理进行了初步探索,并利用本方法对生物样品中的荜茇宁进行了加标回收,回收率为99.8%~100.9%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.90%。     

Hard X-ray one dimensional nano-focusing at the SSRF using a WSi2 /Si multilayer Laue lens

The multilayer Laue lens (MLL) is a novel diffraction optics which can realize nanometer focusing of hard X-rays with high efficiency. In this paper, a 7.9 μm-thick MLL with the outmost layer thickness of 15 nm is designed based on dynamical diffraction theory. The MLL is fabricated by first depositing the depth-graded multilayer using direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering technology. Then, the multilayer sample is sliced, and both cross-sections are thinned and polished to a depth of 35-41 μm. The focusing property of the MLL is measured at the Shanghai Synchrotron Facility (SSRF). One-dimensional (1D) focusing resolutions of 205 nm and 221 nm are obtained at E=14 keV and 18 keV, respectively. It demonstrates that the fabricated MLL can focus hard X-rays into nanometer scale.     

基于光子间隙随机分布的任意进制真随机数源

根据激光光子数的泊松分布特征，通过衰减脉冲激光的光强度使衰减后平均每十个脉冲含有一个光子，该光子在十个脉冲中位置的分布是随机的，也即任意二十个脉冲中的两个光子的间隙时间是随机的。基于该随机间隙时间可产生真随机数序列，不仅可以产生二进制随机数，也可产生多进制的。实验上分别制备了二进制和十进制真随机数序列；对数据量为100M的样本进行通用的ENT程序随机性检验，检测结果很好。此外，该实验方案具有抗干扰能力强、便于集成、随机数产生速率容易提高等优点，可广泛应用于保密通信、身份验证、Monte Carlo计算、彩票游戏等领域。     

八配位钇(Ⅲ)-反式-1,2-环己二胺四乙酸配合物NH4[Y(trans-CYDTA)(H2O)2]·4.5H2O的合成及分子结构

In this paper, the molecular and crystal structures of the NH₄[Y(trans CYDTA)(H₂O)₂]·4.5 H₂O(trans-CYDTA=trans 1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid) are reported. The crystal data are as follows: Triclinic system, P1space group,a=0.8599(6)nm,b=1.0021(7)nm,c=1.4370(9)nm,α =88.095(13)°,β =75.559(1)°,γ =88.344(12)°,V=1.1981(14)nm³,Z=2, M=708.68,D_c=1.570g· cm^-3, μ =2.506mm^-1 and F(000)=590. The final R₁ and wR₂ are 0.0571 and 0.1350 for 4205 [I >2.0σ (I)] unique reflections and 0.1007 and 0.1615 for all 4981 reflections, respectively. In the title complex, the anion [Y(trans-CYDTA)(H₂O)₂]^- has an eight coordination structure with distorted square antiprism. The trans CYDTA which acts as a hexadentate ligand with four Oatoms and two Natoms and two H₂O molecules directly coordinate to central metal Y(Ⅲ) ion. It can be known that the Y(Ⅲ) ion can form an eight coordinate compound with aminopolycarboxylic acid ligands in addition nine coordination structure.     

带经济器的热泵型纯电动客车空调系统结霜特性研究

针对热泵型纯电动客车空调系统在冬季低温供热运行时车外换热器易结霜问题,设计并搭建一套带经济器、有三种不同补气方式的热泵空调系统实验台。通过实验研究并对比分析该系统在不同补气方式下运行时车外微通道平行流换热器的结霜性能,发现车外环境温度为-15℃工况时,在中压补气方式下结霜运行时系统COP、制热量、蒸发温度均明显最高,此时系统可高效运行。